Feminism is philosophy or politics?

There is a biblical legend according to which God created a woman from the rib of Adam. And although many forget that there was an ancestor of Lilith, in the culture of most peoples the "weak sex" always takes the second place. Feminism is a word derived from the Latin femina (woman). It denotes a socio-political movement, whose goal is to fight for equal rights of representatives of the beautiful half of humanity.

Sociologists, historians, philosophers, psychologists still do not have Unified opinion and one point of view on this phenomenon. Some believe that feminism is a kind of rebellion of women. Others argue that the problem of gender inequality is contrived and biased. The movement of feminism originates in the era of the Great French Revolution, in any case, so defines the official version. In 1791, the Declaration of the Rights of Women and Citizens was published, in which emphasis was placed on the need to address social and legal aspects of gender inequality. Other sources argue that feminism is by no means the invention of modern times, that such tendencies arose throughout the history of mankind.

This movement intensified in the USA and England in the late nineteenth century, which was caused by the growing attention to the dissemination of electoral rights. In 1903, E. Pankhurst founded the Socio-Political Alliance of Women in Great Britain. His requirements included equal opportunities for women in education and the right to vote. The concepts that put ladies on a par with men were perceived with bayonets by the society of that time. And yet, feminism is a movement that resulted in the fact that most of the countries of Western Europe recognized the right of women to vote. The last ones were equalized by the electoral powers of Switzerland (1971) and Portugal (1974).

Modern feminism, according to sociological science, with A new force manifested itself in the 60's, especially in the United States. There, this movement was called the "liberation" movement. Feminists demand real equality of the suffrage, equal opportunities to dispose of the property of the spouses. An important point in their program is the legalization of abortion, the same payment for the same work, regardless of who performs it - a man or a woman. In addition, among the demands put forward by the feminist movement was the provision of the opportunity to participate in public life.

Some important changes are already visible in the political sphere. In the 1990s, measures were taken to increase the representation of women in the parliaments of the Scandinavian countries (Finland (38.5%) and Sweden (38.1%)). The principle of "active participation" should provide women with a guarantee of a certain number of seats in party committees and in the executive branch. It can be argued that feminism is a movement that has achieved its goals in the main. However, other problems are constantly emerging, indicating the gender inequality that exists in the minds of people. Such issues include abortion, domestic violence, sexism. The latter term refers to the acute cultural and social problems associated with gender. For example, it is women who are several times more likely to be harassed both in public places, And at work. It is often said about them that they achieve success "through the bed." Finally, it is on them that the lion's share of responsibilities and responsibilities for the upbringing and even maintenance of children rests.

Having received formally the same rights, women are not perceived in society on a par with men. In countries where the government remains conservative (France, Greece, Portugal, Ireland), the participation of the "weaker sex" in political activities is much less than in the rest. The rights of women in Muslim states are also infringed, in the European sense. The problems raised by feminism are pressing issues affecting the whole of society as a whole. They are reflected in the documents of international law. One of them is the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women. This document was adopted by the United Nations in 1979. The requirements of feminist organizations are reflected in most constitutions that guarantee to representatives of both sexes equal rights in the family, political, social and economic spheres.