Along with the development of the pharmacological branch of medicine and the discovery of new data on the structure of the organism, an important role is played by the improvement of innovative technologies that greatly facilitate the work of the doctor. So, these are various methods of radiotherapy (fluorography, x-ray, computer, magnetic resonance or nuclear magnetic tomography, angiography), as well as direct visual diagnostics, including various soundings (fibrogastroduodenoscopy, esophagogastroduodenoscopy, uterine probe, coproskopy, capsular video endoscopy, duodenal Sounding) , etc.
Features of the method
Visual methods allow the diagnostic doctor to see the state of many internal organs of a person directly in real time. First of all, this applies to most sections of the food tube, that is, the throat, the esophagus, the stomach cavity, the small and large intestines, as well as the bile ducts and the gall bladder are susceptible to examination. Thus, it is possible to directly examine the condition of these organs, reveal erosion, inflammatory or ulcerative necrotic changes, tumor processes, and assess the degree of treatment effectiveness with the help of the resulting morphological picture or guide them in the operation. However, these capabilities of these methods are not limited, because with the help of probes it is possible to point and deliver the medicine, take a portion of gastric or bile juice for analysis, as well as biopsy from different departments. Thus, the doctor will be able to get a complete picture of what is happening in the body, timely diagnose correctly and correctly appoint treatment.
Advantages of EGDS
Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EHDS) is one of the sensing methods that allows to examine the esophagus, stomach and duodenum with the help of a microcamera. Of course, there is another method, non-invasive - X-ray examination after taking a barium suspension in the form of porridge for contrasting the mucous membrane. However, this method has rather limited capabilities and allows you to see in the picture except that chemical burns, tumor processes, ulcers and erosion. While the examination of EGDS can reveal bleeding, take biopsy samples for microscopic analysis and examine the organs in more detail. Also, this technology allows you to assess the state of departments after a surgical operation, namely, healing, joint integrity, bruising, remove foreign objects, diagnose varicose veins of organs.
Essence of EGDS
Many patients who received their doctor's referral for this examination often ask the question: "EGDU, what is this?" The abbreviation usually scares patients and even leads to a blind alley those who have never encountered visual diagnostics before. So let's try to figure out how this works. EGDS of the stomach or other part of the gastrointestinal tract is carried out with the help of a special probe - a flexible controlled tube consisting of an elastic material and having an additional fibrous optics (a kind of camera and a light bulb) and a manual control technique. This allows you not only to lower it on the gastrointestinal tract, but also to turn it to the sides or down to get a complete visual picture. After the examination is completed, the probe is gently removed to avoid iatrogenic mechanical damage to the internal membranes of the organs.
Precautions for the procedure
Since most of the patients, especially children, are afraid of this research, the doctor should explain to each of them before EGDS that this is an unpleasant but very necessary method for maintaining their health. He should tell you that there are probes of different diameters, it takes a little time (literally 20-30 minutes), and immediately before its introduction with Novocaine in the form of an aerosol, the oral cavity is anesthetized. It is also necessary to suppress the gag reflex, as the probe will irritate the palatine and pharyngeal baroreceptors. Therefore, if the patient feels a bitter taste in the mouth or a small puffiness in the tongue, this is an absolutely normal reaction to the drug. In addition, after the anesthesia insert a mouthpiece - a sterile plastic device to protect the lips and teeth of the subject during the introduction of the probe into the digestive tract.
Additional research
In parallel with the direct examination of patients with diseases of the cardiovascular system, a cuff is placed to monitor blood pressure and monitor the ECG, and in patients with respiratory insufficiency, a pulse is additionally measured in the diagnosis. Before radiation methods of research, there are other advantages in EGDS. Preparation for the latter is almost unnecessary and requires unless carrying out the procedure on an empty stomach, if it is early in the morning, or 6-24 hours after the last meal, the time depends on the preliminary diagnosis. Thus, anxious patients with a hypersecretion of hydrochloric acid in the stomach require a longer period of preparation, from 12 to 24 hours, as well as additional intravenous administration of sedative and analgesic drugs.
Warnings and Recommendations
In doing so, you should ask the patient in advance to come with an attendant, and also warn him about the EGDS method, that it can become quite traumatic for his internal organs, if he does not follow the doctor's recommendations on how to perform the procedure. And also immediately before the examination it is necessary to remove contact lenses, dentures, restraining clothes. In addition, the patient should be reminded that he will have excessive salivation at EGDS, that this is also a normal manifestation of the body's reaction, and therefore it should not be prevented. And to collect saliva under the cheek, a clean towel (often brought from home) is placed under the cheek, and, if necessary, an electric pump is applied.