Diseases of the back and spine

Diseases of the back and spine are one of the main problems of representatives of all ages. Probably, there is no person who at least sometimes does not have a backache. And in most cases, people either courageously suffer pain, or drink anesthetic. But in fact you can not neglect your health and ignore the diseases of your back. The doctor must necessarily examine the patient and find out what the painful syndrome in the spine is associated with. Maybe it's just caused by fatigue or physical overstrain. Or maybe this is a sign of one of the serious diseases that require immediate help from a specialist doctor.

Symptoms and causes of back disease

The modern sedentary lifestyle is the reason that those diseases that were recently observed only in the elderly can now arise in very young people. The causes of back problems can be very different.

The process of degeneration of the spine begins gradually. At the very beginning he undergoes intervertebral discs and there is a back disease - osteochondrosis. At the same time, there are changes in the cartilaginous tissue, the height of the intervertebral disc becomes much smaller, and this leads to the squeezing of the nerve endings. At this stage, the person practically does not feel pain, there is only a slight discomfort at the end of the day, and also severe fatigue even with a slight load.

After this, such pathological processes as spondylosis and spondyloarthrosis begin to develop. The essence of these processes is that osteophytes on the endings of adjacent vertebrae of the disc that is damaged, begin to expand. Together with this, the process covers the joints of neighboring vertebrae. And this gives the patient even greater discomfort and soreness. Diagnosis of this disease occurs at this stage, because, suffering from pain, a person finally turns to the doctor.

In the event that the patient continues to ignore the symptoms of the back disease and does not seek medical help, the protrusion begins between the vertebrae, and then the hernia. The vertebrae begin to squeeze out a patch of altered pathology of the disc, a hernia protrudes. Serious complications such as pressure on the nerve endings of the hernia or compression of the spinal cord can occur. These complications may well lead to disability.

Absolutely all parts of the spine can be affected by such pathological processes. In most cases, the lumbar and cervical divisions are affected.

Deformation of the spine and posture disorder

The position that a person normally takes in his daily activity is his posture. At a time when there is growth of the spine, the process of formation of posture is going on. If a person leads an incorrect, sedentary lifestyle, does not follow his position during work, then his posture can simply disastrously deteriorate.

As a result of an incorrect position of the spine, the muscles of the back tighten strongly, and this leads to the already mentioned pathologies. Therefore, parents should pay the most careful attention to the bearing of the child from childhood. This will help to avoid serious back problems in the future.

Changes in the spine can also be acquired. If the pathology of the child was detected even in early childhood, then, naturally, it was eliminated with the help of surgical intervention even in that period.

Types of acquired curvatures of the spine

More often to such pathologies it is possible to carry:

• scoliosis;
• Pathological kyphosis;
• Pathological lordosis.

At a scoliosis the backbone curves aside, at a pathological kyphosis it deviates back, and at a pathological lordosis - forward.

As a result of these processes, the muscles of the back are constantly in tension and this leads to severe pain, which has a permanent character. Joints thus wear out ahead of time for the reasons of an incorrect gait and excessive loading on them. Internal organs of a person can also be subjected to negative effects of this pathology, which leads to the emergence of various diseases.

Development and symptoms of sciatica

Radiculitis, or radiculopathy, is the result of the inflammatory process of the roots of the spinal cord that exit from the spine. Nervous tissues, for reasons of constant pressure, which they experience from the side of a hernia, or spasmodic muscles lead to the development of radiculitis.

Symptoms of the disease can be very different. They directly depend on where the inflamed nerve endings are. In this case, painful sensations develop in the area where the nerve leaves the canal of the spine, and then they spread to neighboring areas. There are also problems with tangibility and muscle weakness in the inflamed areas. In no case should not ignore this disease of the back. Treatment should be appointed immediately.

Rheumatological diseases

There is a large number of ligaments and joints in the spine. Therefore, back diseases are also rheumatological disorders.

One such pathology is Bechterew's disease (ankylosing spondylitis). Suffer from this disease are representatives of the male at a relatively young age. This disease has a negative effect on the joints of the spine, which causes subsequent damage to the internal organs of the person and joints.

At the beginning of the disease a person feels a pronounced discomfort in the lumbar region and a partial inability to perform the usual actions. If the patient ignores these symptoms and does not hurry to seek medical help, they continue to develop. The result is constant pain and total loss of efficiency.

Osteoporosis: Symptoms and Development

This type of disease in most cases, women are elderly. Also, osteoporosis can be a symptom of a disease such as hyperparathyroidism. With this disease, the parathyroid glands have an increase in the secretion of hormones. Osteoporosis leads to the loss of minerals in the bone tissue, so a woman can often suffer from fractures of the bones.

Very often it happens that the lady does not even guess that her demoneralization process started in the bones, since there are no pronounced symptoms. Only with the ease of undergoing fractures even with minor bone loads, the patient can guess that she develops osteoporosis. In most cases, women of advanced age suffer from hip fractures, as well as compression fractures of the spine.

Any lady, after reaching 50 years of age, should be examined by a doctor in order to determine and control the content of the necessary trace elements in the blood. Only in this way it can protect itself from such pathologies and fractures of bones.

Treatment involves taking vitamins and microelements, and the course of therapy can last several years.

Myositis

Myositis is an infectious or aseptic inflammation of the muscles of the back. This disease can be acute and chronic.

With acute myositis, pain in the inflamed area grows very quickly. Sometimes the skin in the place of pain localization can acquire a red tint and swelling. These symptoms are joined by:

• chills;
• weakness;
• loss of appetite.

In this disease, painful nodules appear in the back of the muscles. The main signs of the disease are absent.

The chronic process usually involves the widest dorsal muscle, the fibers of the muscles of the neck and shoulders. Myositis may occur as a result of the trauma. It can also be caused by viruses.

Tumor diseases

Oncological diseases can also cause severe back pain. In most cases, it can be such diseases as:

• Lymphoma;
• Myeloma;
• Lymphogranulomatosis.

The primary tumor causes a rapid growth of metastases, which lead to damage to the vertebrae. A variety of malignant neoplasms can affect the spine with metastases. Chemotherapy is used for treatment, but in the presence of metastases, the chances of recovery are extremely small.

Also, many other tumorous diseases of the spine can develop, which only a doctor can diagnose on the basis of the tests performed.

If there is a sharp occurrence of severe back pain without a clearly expressed cause, you should immediately contact a medical institution to find out the etiology of these pains.

Injuries to the spine

Injuries of the spine are divided into uncomplicated, in which the spinal cord is not affected, and complicated, in which the spinal cord is damaged.

Fracture of the spine refers to severe injuries and requires the passage of therapy in the department of neurosurgery. There are a large number of fractures:

• Marginal;
• Compression;
• Cloven and many. Other

The development of symptoms directly depends on the site in which the fracture occurred and from the presence of a spinal cord injury. Thus, the resulting neck injury with impaired spinal cord function can lead to immediate death or complete paralysis of the injured person.

Prevention of diseases of the back and treatment

Everyone knows that diseases of the back and spine directly affect the health of all the internal organs of man, the quality of his life. Therefore, from a small age, it is necessary to give him the most careful attention. We need to monitor the correct posture, exercise and observe the right, healthy diet. One can not ignore the slightest signs of a disease of the back.

If there are problems with the spine, you need to contact the doctor to find out the reasons and the appointment of an adequate treatment. With various diseases of the back, the therapeutic exercise, as well as various massages, is of great benefit. In some cases, a course of manual therapy or other procedures is indicated.

Do not forget about such an effective measure of prevention of diseases of the back, like swimming. It helps to strengthen the spine and all muscles, forms a correct posture, has a beneficial effect on the nervous system and the entire body as a whole.

A preventive measure of any back disease can also be hardening of the body, for example, using a contrast shower. It is necessary to ensure that the spine is not subjected to excessive physical stress, and also to avoid stressful situations and hypothermia of the body.

The result

There are a huge number of back problems that pose a potential threat to human life. Therefore, even the slightest discomfort in this area should not be left without attention, since only an early definition of the disease will help get a complete cure for this ailment.