Classification of emergencies

The classification of emergencies is made on the basis of many indicators (the number of injured people, material damage, the boundaries of the zone affected by the damaging factors) and looks as follows:

• Transboundary. These are situations that occurred outside of any state and affect its territory. Any actions aimed at liquidation of a dangerous situation are possible only with the permission of the government and must not contradict the accepted international norms of law and existing treaties.

• Federal. Extraordinary situations in which more than 500 people were injured or more than 5 million base units were damaged at the time of the incident. The liquidation is carried out by the executive power of the state.

• Regional. These are emergency situations in which the number of victims varies from 50 to 500, the minimum material damage is 0.5 million base units at the time of the accident. The liquidation is carried out by the local executive power.

• Territorial. In this case, the number of victims - at least 50 people or material damage does not exceed 0.5 million base units at the time of the incident. The liquidation is carried out under the control of the local executive power.

• Local. Extraordinary situations in which 10 or fewer people were injured, or conditions of residence of more than 100 people were violated, or material damage does not exceed 5 thousand base units at the time of the incident. The liquidation is carried out by the local self-government bodies.

• Local. Emergency situations in which 10 or fewer people suffered, or material damage amounted to less than 1 thousand base units at the time of the accident. These emergency situations occupy the territory of the object of social or industrial importance.

This classification of emergencies is generally accepted and is found in many sources. Depending on the reason, they can be technogenic and ecological. On this depends largely the number of victims, the amount of material damage, the degree of environmental pollution and so on.

Classification of emergency situations of anthropogenic nature:

1. Transport accidents.

2. Explosions and fires.

3. Accidents in which there is a danger of release of radioactive substances.

4. Unplanned collapse of buildings.

5. Incidents on electrical systems.

6. Accidents associated with communal life support systems.

As a rule, in this case, the people themselves are guilty to a greater or lesser degree. In most cases, they become victims of their own negligence. At the same time, this can not be said about environmental emergencies. Here, natural and anthropogenic and natural phenomena play a decisive role. As a result, there may be a threat to the health or life of people, destruction or destruction of material values may occur.

All natural disasters arise under the influence of the forces of nature, processes that occur in the earth's crust. They are mostly studied, but many still can not be predicted.

Classification of environmental emergencies:

1. Geological: earthquakes, landslides, volcanic eruptions, collapses, screes, avalanches, erosion.

2. Meteorological: squalls, tornadoes, whirlwinds, hail, rains, snowfalls, severe frost, drought, hurricanes, storms.

3. Hydrological: tsunami, ice pressure, icing of ships, tropical cyclones, flooding, separation of coastal ice, floods, rain streams.

4. Natural and forest fires.

5. Diseases of a massive nature.

Classification of emergencies can be much broader. It depends on many factors. Nevertheless, any of such incidents is dangerous to humans and, if possible, they should be avoided.