City of Yoshkar-Ola: population, districts, economy

Yoshkar-Ola is the main city of the Mari Republic. Its unusual for a Russian-speaking person the city received from the Mari language and literally translated as "red city".

Information about the city

On the eastern territory of Russia is a small republic of Mari El. Its capital is the city of Yoshkar-Ola.

The existence of Yoshkar-Ola began in 1584, when it was laid by Tsar Feodor Ioannovich with the purpose of creating a defensive fortification on the river Kokshaga. Its original name was Tsarevokokshaisk, it was in force until 1919.

From 1919 to 1927, the city was reorganized into Krasnokokshaisk, and afterwards to the now existing Yoshkar-Ola.

Since the foundation of the town of Yoshkar-Ola, it has grown, developed and improved. However, he could not boast of a large number of residents. The population of Yoshkar-Ola did not exceed 2000 people by the end of the 19th century.

During the Second World War, when many Russian cities were bombed and destroyed, the Mari Republic was relatively safe from the front line. This affected the fact that many major and significant industrial enterprises were redeployed to the main city of the republic. In the postwar years, they were not transferred, and this affected the active development of the city and, as a result, an increase in population growth.

Dynamic development of the city began only in the early 21st century, when the head of the Republic of Mari El assured the start of construction and reconstruction of many historical, cultural and entertainment facilities. And the styles used were different, which anyone can see firsthand.

Living in Yoshkar-Ola

Until the end of the 19th century, the population of Yoshkar-Ola did not exceed 2000 people. The jump in population growth occurred in the postwar period, when the city was full of developing industry, and, consequently, the people began to flock to work in the factories.

According to the statistics of the Russian population census, in 2016 Yoshkar-Ola was inhabited by a population of 265,044 people. For the territory of 110 km ² this is a very good indicator.

By the number of people living in Russia, Yoshkar-Ola ranks 74th. The population density is 2594 per km ² . As a percentage of the gender composition in the city, 45% of men and 55% of women live. The urban population is 57.3% (the number of the urban population of the republic), 36% is the total population of Yoshkar-Ola.

A special indicator of the city is its low mortality rate.

Variety of nationalities

As for the ethnic composition of the city, it has 96 different peoples. Most of all in the territory of the Russian population - 68%. Then follow the indigenous Mari - 24%. The third place is occupied by the Tatar people - 4.3%. In addition to the main national composition, the urban population of Yoshkar-Ola is formed by:

• Chuvashes;
• Ukrainians;
• Azerbaijanis;
• Armenians;
• Uzbeks;
• Belarusians;
• Udmurts;
• Georgians;
• Germans and many others.

Areas of Yoshkar-Ola

Tracking the growth of the territory of Yoshkar-Ola on the map, you can see that over the years, 20 nearby villages and suburbs were joined to the capital of Mari El.

The city district, in addition to Yoshkar-Ola, is inhabited by settlements: the settlement of Apshakbeliak, the village of Semenovka, the villages of Ignatyevo, Nolka, Danilovo, Savino, and Shoia-Kuznetsovo, the village of Akshubino, the village of Yakimovo, the village of Kelmakovo.

The following microdistricts are distinguished in the urban area: Beryozovo, Alenkino, Bolshoi, Bolnichniy, Vostochny, Chigashevo, Dubki, Gomzovo, Star, Integral, Mashinostroitel, Leninsky, Molodyozhny, Mirny, Nagorny, Myshino, Nikitkino, Orshansky, Oktyabrsky, Pribrezhny, Predzavodskaya, Sverdlova , Remzavod, Soviet, North, Sports, Szombathely, Central.

The division of the city into districts began in the 20th century. In the 70s, Yoshkar-Ola on the map and in fact was divided into 2 districts: Zavodskoy and Leninsky, which in their composition had residential quarters, as well as rural areas.

The city's factory district included: the Sidorovsky village council of Medvedevsky district, Kokshaisky (Kokshaysk village and the suburban village council, which was later abolished).

The Leninsky district consisted of several village Soviets: the Kuyarsky, Solnechny, Kundyshsky and Semenovsky.

sights

Yoshkar-Ola will be an interesting place to visit tourists. In the city there are many interesting sights that are known not only to local residents, but also to tourists.

"Yoshkin cat"

Sculpture "Yoshkin cat". This young attraction appeared in the city center in 2011. It is dedicated to the character of Russian folklore.

The sculpture is installed at the main building of the Mari University. It is made in the form of a park bench, on which a Yoshkin cat is seated. Installation of such entertainment decoration of the city was facilitated by the head of the republic.

The cat is cast from bronze and weighs 150 kg. Its authors were Yoshkar-Olinsky sculptors.

The embankment of Bruges

One of the most beautiful streets of Yoshkar-Ola is the Quay of Bruges. It is located this picturesque place of the city on the bank of the local river Kokshaga. This "particle of Belgium" is recreated based on the Belgian architecture of the city of Bruges. The real decoration of the embankment are lined houses throughout the street with colored roofs, windows of different sizes, tubes and turrets.

Opening of the Quay of Bruges took place in 2010.

What else to see?

On the Quay is located Yoshkar-Ola Registry Office, which is not only a place of marriage of local residents, but also just a beautiful structure and a city landmark, built in the Gothic style.

The grand opening of the Palace of Marriage took place in 2012.

Opposite the REGISTRY OFFICE, there is another local pride - a monument to Prince Rainier 3 and Grace Kelly. This sculpture is the embodiment of matrimonial fidelity.

In the Mari capital, there is an incredibly fabulous building with a deviation to the religious side - a clock of "12 apostles". They show not only the time of Yoshkar-Ola, but also the performance. Every day, from 9 am to 9 pm, with an interval of 3 hours, for 8 minutes on this clock a real play is played: the gates located on the turret are opened, and from them appears a column of apostles led by Jesus. The column of Judas closes, holding a bag with 30 silversmiths. The growth of each sculpture is 1.5 meters, they are made of bronze.

On the Patriarch's Square Yoshkar-Ola there is another attraction - a monument-fountain to Peter and Fevronia.

Tsarevo-Koksha Kremlin is located in the center of the city. It is not only a favorite place for Yoshkar-Olintsev and tourists, but also a venue for festive events timed for the celebration of May 9, exhibitions and fairs. In the early 20th century this place was called the Market Square. The complex of the Kremlin buildings includes: a brick wall with 4 towers, a temple and an internal Kremlin square.

One of the newest sculptures of Yoshkar-Ola was the wooden letter "Y".

In 2007, on the territory of the city, or rather in its center, an architectural landmark appeared - the Annunciation Tower, whose altitude level is 55 meters. The first thing that attracts attention when looking at the tower is a small copy of the Moscow Kremlin chimes.

Theater of the young spectator. This cultural center, designed for a young spectator, was founded in 1991. It hosts theatrical productions in two languages: Russian and Mari.

Industry of the city

The Yoshkar-Ola factories are significant industrial enterprises, which are of great value both for the republic and for the country as a whole. They concern machine-building, food industries and the production of building materials.

From the conveyors of machine-building plants are produced military and civilian vehicles.

In addition to the main enterprises, many other industrial plants operate in Yoshkar-Ola to produce the necessary goods:

1. Pharmaceuticals that are engaged in the production of vitamin complexes.
2. Food enterprises. Yoshkar-Ola produces meat and canned products.
3. Yoshkar-Ola candy factory. The enterprise exists since 1944. Currently, it is engaged in the manufacture of more than 60 items of various confectionery products: various types of waffles, all kinds of sweets, milk iris, fragrant marmalade.
4. Furniture factory "Elf". The company is engaged in the manufacture of doors, chests of drawers, kitchen sets, tables, cabinets and many other types of furniture.
5. Pump plant OKTB "Crystal". The industrial enterprise was founded in 1970.
6. Oil refinery Mariysky refinery. The plant started in 1998. Various types of fuel are produced in its walls.
7. Shoe factory (YOOOF). The company's products are various kinds of shoes.
8. Sewing factory for the production of hats. It has been in operation since 2006 and currently produces about 140 varieties of hats for all categories of citizens.

Conclusion

Yoshkar-Ola serves not only the capital of the Republic of Mari El, but its main center. It focuses on the main economic structure of the republic, a large complex of historically significant and modern architecture. The city is of great interest for both Russian and foreign tourists. Time in Yoshkar-Ola will not pass in vain.