Breast removal: indications, preparation for surgery, complications

It's sad, but breast cancer is considered quite a frequent occurrence. There are statistics that in our country annually more than 50 thousand women diagnose this disease. One of the methods of treating such a pathology is the removal of the breast. Photo of the mammary glands with a tumor is familiar to every surgeon. Initially, when a woman is faced with such a diagnosis and a prediction of removal, she falls into a shocked state. How the stages of treatment actually go through will be discussed below.

Types of surgical intervention

Operations can be divided into 2 types.

• The first type of surgical intervention involves the complete removal of the breast. Also cut out lymph nodes that adhere to it.
• The second type differs from the first in that the removal of the breast is not complete, but only part of it. But the lymph nodes that adhere to it are subject to removal in any case. This is necessary because they are the main distributor of cancer cells. If the tumor has progressed, the lymph nodes will be the first to catch metastases.

It should be noted that the removal of the breast in its entirety is the most effective method of treating cancer, than cutting out its part. Although the second type of surgery is considered less traumatic for the patient. If a woman is partially removed from the breast, then she has a higher risk of cancer cells in the body. When it is completely cut out, it is less likely that there will be a relapse. After removal of the breast (or part of it), radiation therapy is prescribed. This species can give complications. They are associated with the possibility of lymphostasis. This ailment means that the outflow of lymph will be difficult. A clear sign of the presence of this disease in the human body is the swelling of the hand from the side where the mammary gland is removed.

Modern medicine does not involve affecting the muscles of the thoracic region. Previously, this operation was not. Then this led to the fact that the hand on the operated side was limited in movement. In a similar way, the operation to remove the breast was carried out for quite a long time, namely about a hundred years. Now such a problem does not exist due to medical progress. After a woman undergoes an operation to remove the breast, her hand is not subjected to any limited action.

The diagnosis is breast cancer. Breast removal quickly and efficiently

The duration of the operation is small. As a rule, the removal of the breast takes about one hour. Surgical intervention is performed under general anesthesia.

Oncology: removal of a breast and the subsequent rehabilitation

It should be noted that after a surgical procedure, a woman will need to stay in the hospital for two weeks. An important point is that on the first postoperative day the patient should take a sitting position, then get up and walk. These measures are necessary to ensure that the body does not experience such complications as pneumonia, thrombosis in the legs. The risk of the appearance of the first named disease is higher in older women.

As a rule, there are no painful feelings in the patient. At first, they give her to take painkillers, but they do not have a strong effect. This type of surgery does not involve taking drugs with drugs. Such medications are prescribed for patients who underwent surgery on the chest and abdominal cavity. By the time when a person will be discharged from the hospital, the need for taking painkillers is eliminated.

In the postoperative period, while the patient is in the hospital, there is a special drainage in the armpit area. It is necessary for the lymph to flow in the right amount. Also, the patient's chest is tightly tightened by means of an elastic bandage. This is necessary to ensure that the skin is tight at the site of surgery so that lymphatic accumulation does not form, otherwise additional treatment will be required

Lymphatic accumulation

Sometimes, after the patient is removed from the drainage and stops making dense bandaging, the lymph begins to accumulate. In this case, you need to contact the surgeon to remove it by puncture. This procedure can be done at the polyclinic at the place of residence or go to a paid medical institution. The period of accumulation of lymph depends on the individual characteristics of the body. It should be known that in people with a greater body weight this process takes longer than in the lean.

What kind of treatment is needed after this operation?

Breast removal in women is not the final stage of treatment. The patient has to continue the recovery process. The further scheme or plan of treatment is defined or determined by the doctor. Taking into account such indicators as the presence of metastases in the axillary lymph nodes, the body's response to hormonal drugs. If the tumor has a hormone-dependent nature, the patient is given a course of appropriate medications.

This treatment scheme is considered the simplest. It consists in the fact that the patient will need to take drugs that include hormones. The term of the course is 2 weeks. The number of tablets to be taken is one or two per day. The dose of drugs depends on the individual characteristics of the woman and is determined by the attending physician.

Efficacy of surgery to remove breasts

There are cases that the operation is sufficient to completely cure the patient of cancer. As a rule, this happens when the disease is detected in the first stage. Also, an important point for a complete cure after surgery is the absence of metastases in the lymph nodes. At the same time in the postoperative period, the patient will be constantly observed with an oncologist.

If there were metastases, the patient would need to undergo treatment through chemotherapy. It consists of several sessions. The first session is held in the hospital in the postoperative period. The rest of the course can be continued at the place of residence or in the medical institution where the patient is observed.

Target therapy

The medicine does not stand still, and the oncological direction is no exception. There are regions where a modern method of treatment of oncological diseases is applied. It is called targeted therapy. This name comes from the English word "target". This method of treatment aims to ensure that the effect of the drug is spread directly to the cancer cells. He blocks them and does not allow them to grow.

Can I restore my breast after an operation to remove it?

It is clear that breast loss for a woman is a disaster. This is due to the fact that this body is associated with beauty and attractiveness. Without a breast a woman will feel incomplete.

Simultaneous removal and prosthetics can not always be performed. Women need patience. If they are exposed to such a disease as cancer, then first of all they should take all measures to cure this ailment. Further, after a certain time, namely after 9 months or a year, an implantation surgery can be performed. The latter can be the size that one always wanted to have. For example, you can increase the chest or reduce. Also it will turn out to give it the necessary form. Positive attitude of the patient in the treatment of cancer is an important factor in the recovery process. Therefore, plans for an ideal breast will be very useful in this case.

If a woman is aged and does not plan to insert implants to herself after the operation, she should buy special underwear with imitation. In such a bra, it will look aesthetically pleasing. He will also adjust the load on the spine.

If a woman is active, then she returns to the usual way of life immediately after discharge from the hospital. Other representatives of the fair sex come back to normal one month after surgery.