Basic functions of operating systems

The operating system is an intermediary between the computer and the user, ensuring their interaction and responsible for the execution of programs. The most famous representatives: Linux, Microsoft, Mac OS and so on. In this article, we'll look at the composition and functions of operating systems. It's about common parameters without binding to a specific OS.

What does the operating system consist of?

Before we talk about what are the functions of operating systems, we will consider what it consists of.

1. A software module that manages the file system.
2. Drivers for devices. They ensure the correct operation of each hardware element of the computer, as well as information exchange with other devices.
3. The processor responding to user commands.
4. Service programs. With their help, you can work in computer networks with disks and files.
5. Modules that provide a graphical environment for the user.
6. A help system that helps you find the answer to any question about the operating system and how to work with it.

Operating system functions may vary depending on the type of the latter. There are a lot of classifications. Here are the main ones.

1. The number of simultaneous users of the OS are: single-user (older versions, for example, MS-DOS, Windows 3.x, earlier versions of OS / 2) and multi-user (for example, UNIX, Windows NT).

2. The number of simultaneously performed tasks: single-task (for example, MSX, MS-DOS) and multitasking (OS: OS / 2, Windows 95, UNIX).

What does the operating system do?

Let's consider now the basic functions of the operating system:

• Execution of user commands on demand (starting and closing programs, input and output of information, freeing additional memory, and so on);
• Access to peripheral devices (printer, mouse, keyboard and so on);
• Downloading the software into RAM and its execution;
• Implementation of management of operative memory;
• Saving of data about errors and failures in the system;
• Providing an interface for the user;
• Access to and control of other media.

That is, all the actions carried out by a person through input tools are made by the computer with the help of the OS. It allows you to provide a user - friendly interface. There are also additional functions of operating systems:

• Multitasking;
• Differentiation of access rights;
• Efficient allocation of resources between processes;
• Protection of the system and user data;
• Interaction between processors and their synchronization.

The system shell, to which we are so used, gives us the opportunity to comfortably use the resources of the computer. The purpose and functions of operating systems are the convenience of communicating with the machine, the structuring and automation of processes. Over the years, developers and creators of shells for personal computers make it easier for us, ordinary users, programmers, to live by introducing new opportunities and reducing manual work. There is even an opinion that in the near future, cars will in many ways replace a person.