Auto on hydrogen. HHO-generator of hydrogen on the car

Automotive is one of the most promising areas of industry. World concerns tend to invest a lot of money in the development of new technologies, which in the future should improve the performance of vehicles. The slightest change in the principles of the car can dramatically change its dynamics, driving performance, as well as the level of safety. At the same time, the most significant changes are promised by alternative sources of fuel and, in particular, cars on hydrogen, which can already be observed in the lines of leading manufacturers. Despite the appearance of serial models of this type, designers are still in search of the best application of hydrogen. But the fact that the introduction of this fuel into the engine's algorithm of operation brings a whole series of advantages is indisputable.

Specificity of hydrogen cars

The transition from traditional technologies to new solutions does not always allow improving the quality of transport exploitation. This is the case with electric vehicles, which although considered to be environmentally friendly and relatively economical kind of technical equipment, but have many shortcomings, among which unsatisfactory dynamics. In turn, auto on hydrogen, provided a balanced arrangement of fuel cells can preserve the dignity of cars with classic engines, and provide several new advantages. Interest in this type of fuel from manufacturers is due to the possibility of improving the environmental friendliness of transport, as well as saving energy. Compared with conventional internal combustion engines, hydrogen units practically do not emit harmful substances. This result can only be achieved with the complete disposal of traditional engines, and in this case, there will be a noticeable reduction in power.

Combination of hydrogen and internal combustion engine

To date, automakers are using several concepts of hydrogen. One of the most common is the hybrid version, in which the internal combustion engine and hydrogen elements are combined. Initially, the conceptual auto on hydrogen, made with this approach, differed in low power. However, recent developments show the opposite situation, when the power potential is increased by 10-15%. But, again, the increase in power levels the advantage in the form of ecological purity and the cost of maintaining the machine. There is another negative factor from the use of hydrogen in the ICE system. In the process of operation, the fuel reacts with structural elements, which significantly reduces the service life of the power unit materials.

Technical Characteristics of Hydrogen Machines

The first serial, which was supplied with a hydrogen power unit, is a four-door Mirai sedan from the Toyota concern. The developers used a non-standard configuration, in which the core of the filling is an electric motor connected to a hydrogen converter. As a result, the hybrid machine provides 151 liters. With a maximum speed of 180 km / h and acceleration to "hundreds" in 9 seconds. At the same time, one gas station allows to overcome almost 500 km, which is very good for the first car in hydrogen. The technical characteristics of the hydrogen crossovers are also impressive - for example, the Hyundai Intrado received a battery of 36 kWh, providing a course of up to 600 km. But most importantly, the harmful emissions in this case are reduced to zero. The companies already today offer hydrogen machines with attractive working data. Among the factors stopping this progress can be noted only the lack of infrastructure that allows the use of new technologies to a wide mass of consumers.

Hydrogen Generators

While large manufacturers are developing high-tech engines that use hydrogen as a source of energy, in the middle link there is a proliferation of auxiliary generators that allow the processing of fuel cells of this type. Since the main purpose of using new fuels is to increase the environmental friendliness of the process and reduce the cost of food, in some cases it is sufficient to introduce into the design only the appropriate reactor. This function, in particular, is performed by the HHO-generator of hydrogen on the car, which is also called the gas converter. In this case, there are two types of such plants - with liquid and dry components. From the point of view of efficiency, the second option is more advantageous, since liquid elements require large volumes of current, increasing the size of the battery.

Principle of operation of hydrogen reactors

The device of the generator includes filters, hoses, batteries, valves and control system. This infrastructure is designed to ensure that during the operation of the engine, mixing of the main fuel and the hydrogen mixture is ensured. The fact is that the conventional engine, even in the best designs, can not guarantee the complete combustion of gasoline. A special hydrogen reactor for auto optimizes the operation of the valves, increasing the intensity of compression and, accordingly, the volume of combustion. At the moment of compression of the mixture by the piston, the hydrogen mixture increases the octane number, thereby contributing to the efficient combustion of fuel. There are different technological approaches to the implementation of this process, but all of them, to some extent, reduce the amount of harmful emissions into the atmosphere and save the consumption of the main fuel.

Auto on hydrogen own hands

Installation is carried out in the engine compartment with the subsequent connection of power supply from the on-board network. The gas is fed through an air intake system, without requiring the creation of a special tie-in for the fuel channel. It is important to note that the fuel for such generators is a solution based on baking soda and distilled water. Depending on the package configuration, the installation of hydrogen on the car can be complicated due to the inclusion of electrodes, which provide more efficient splitting of the mixtures. However, such devices are still found only on experimental concepts. For the average user it is much more important to ensure the supply of the machine with a quality solution adjusted for seasonality. For example, to ensure that the unit does not freeze in winter, it is recommended to add isopropyl alcohol.

Positive feedback on hydrogen cars

From the point of view of environmental organizations and manufacturers themselves, the benefits of using hydrogen are obvious. As for the end user, for him the benefits of using new fuel cells are not so pronounced. Nevertheless, the most successful models of this type of cars demonstrate savings in operation, which in the future can become one of the main factors of the popularity of this technology. In terms of dynamic qualities and power, the hydrogen generator for the car provokes conflicting judgments, but there are also positive shifts. The rational fuel consumption gives not only economy, but also increase of productivity of the power plant - accordingly, in some cases the power also increases.

Negative feedback

Even if it concerns advanced development in this area, users have to deal with the problems of undeveloped infrastructure. As in the case of other versions of hybrids, hydrogen machines require maintenance at special stations. Of course, there are also models that work on solutions supplied in cylinders. But in this case, there are severe storage conditions, the observance of which requires hydrogen on the car. Reviews with criticism are separately noted by modernized machines that operated on traditional engines. The fact is that the integration of hydrogen installations often leads to rapid wear of the nearest units and parts.

Comparison with alternative technologies

As experts note, sooner or later, in the world automobile industry, technologies corresponding to high standards of environmental safety will prevail. Along with hydrogen concepts, this role is claimed by electric vehicles, various hybrids, models operating on liquid nitrogen, etc. But, unlike the above concepts, the same HHO hydrogen generator on auto is the simplest in the technical implementation. If for the electric motor developers often have to create a new design in the space with the engine, the introduction of the hydrogen reactor is possible by any modern body shop. Another thing is that the generator can not be considered as the best example of using alternative fuel for transport.

Conclusion

Hydrogen as a source for supplying the power plant vehicles used at the dawn of the first cars. However, the high performance of classic internal combustion engines overshadowed the development of this kind. Actually, even today, for a number of parameters, cars with hydrogen are not able to compete with conventional models. The urgency of this direction is caused by the absence of air pollutants. There are certain advantages in other nuances of exploitation, but they are not fundamental for manufacturers. If we talk about the victims, which will have to go to the creators of hydrogen cars, they will most likely be limited to modest capacity and the introduction of structural elements that can affect ergonomics.