Attestation of standards. Federal Agency for Technical Regulation and Metrology

State regulation of the order of application of various units of measurement is the most important aspect of the development of the sphere of industry and science. The decision of these tasks in Russia is handled by a separate agency - Rosstandart. In particular, in its competence - the certification of measurement standards. What is their essence? What are the specifics of the procedure for attestation of standards?

What are the standards of units of values?

To begin with, let us consider a number of theoretical information on the subject in question. Before we determine what constitutes the certification of standards, we will study their essence. For this, let us turn to the provisions of a special normative act - Government Decree No. 734, adopted on September 23, 2010.

In this source of law, the concept of a standard is considered in the context of a technical tool used to ensure the correctness of the use of certain units of quantities taken to achieve the unity of various technical measurements.

Structure of standards

The composition of standards can include various devices and measuring instruments that are used when reproducing units of quantities, carrying out their storage, transmission.

The structure of the standard may also contain tools through which competent structures can monitor compliance with requirements that are established with respect to the conditions of maintenance and use of measurement standards. In addition, these resources can be supplemented by the information and computing infrastructure, various buildings and structures - if this is necessary from the point of view of ensuring the functioning of standards as tools for ensuring the correctness of measurements.

Resolution No. 734 states that the main body that regulates the turnover of measuring instruments is Rosstandart, which has the status of a federal agency. Separate orders this department:

- approves the names of different standards;

- assigns numbers to one or another measuring instrument;

- Approves the structure of the standards;

- defines metrological and technological requirements for measuring instruments;

- establishes the rules for the maintenance and use of standards;

- determines the intervals between the attestations of measuring instruments.

Further in the article we will consider the specifics of Rosstandart's activities in more detail. But for now - about the certification standards. First, let's look at the main steps.

Stages of attestation of standards

So, the certification of standards of various units of values in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation is carried out in several stages. What is their specificity?

First the holder of the standard realizes their primary attestation. In the framework of it it is necessary to prepare a set of the following documents:

- passport of the measuring instrument;

- the content rules, as well as the use of the standard, in which there is also a section on the methodology for its certification;

- certificates of verification, as well as the certification of the standard.

The next stage is the transfer to Rosstandart of a special application in order to approve the results of the initial certification, as well as to enter information about the standards in the Federal Fund. This source is supplemented by annexes, which reflect information on all attested benchmarks. Appropriate applications can be submitted electronically.

In order to confirm the information reflected in the application for Rosstandart, the holder of the standard must send documents for expert review. If it shows positive results, Rosstandart issues an order approving the proposed standards. This legal act becomes the basis for the subsequent introduction of information on standards in the Federal Fund.

Subsequently, the holder carries out periodic certification of standards. Rosstandart should also be informed of its results. In the event that certain standards fail to pass the certification, information about this is also forwarded to the Office. On the basis of information on the unfitness of standards, Rosreestr makes the necessary adjustments in the registers of the Federal Fund. Let us now examine in more detail how the certification of standards is carried out.

First of all, it will be interesting for us to study the key nuances of regulatory regulation of this procedure.

Conducting attestation of standards: normative regulation

In the legislation of the Russian Federation several sources of law have been approved at once, regulating how the standards are certified. An example of one of the key normative acts in this area is Rosstandart's Order No. 36, which was issued on January 22, 2014. This normative act was developed in order to ensure the implementation of the provisions of RF Government Decree No. 734. The jurisdiction of Order No. 36 applies to legal entities and IPs that use standards of various types, in particular those applied in the field of state regulation of measurement uniformity.

In Order No. 36, the following terms are defined as the main terms from the point of view of regulation of the sphere in question:

- "state standards of units of values" as corresponding to objects in the status of federal property;

- "standard unit of values" as a certain technical tool that is used to perform various operations with objects.

Let us now examine in greater detail which key provisions include the Order of Rosstandart No. 36.

Order No. 36: general provisions

In the "General Provisions" of the relevant source of law, the wording is given whereby the status of state standards that are applied in the field of state regulation of the unity of measurements can have objects and measuring instruments manufactured both in Russia and abroad, subject to the availability of:

- metrological characteristics;

- the required technical capabilities;

- rules of content and use;

- established intervals between certifications.

At the same time, this or that measuring instrument, which was not approved, can also be classified as a state standard - certification of standards in this case involves obtaining a competent structure of information on the calibration of the relevant objects.

In accordance with Order No. 36, the interval between certifications generally corresponds to the minimum. It determines its specific order of verification of measuring instruments.

Direct approval of the standards, as well as the correction of data on them in the state registers is carried out by a separate authority. Namely the Federal Agency for Technical Regulation and Metrology. The basis for the implementation of the relevant transactions is the submission to the competent Office of the application from the holder of the standard. In addition, examination may be important. In this case, it is conducted in order to determine the compliance of the standard, which passed in the established manner, attestation, the requirements in part:

- completeness;

- the quality of registration of documents that are submitted by the applicant;

- reliability of the information that is reflected in the application.

The corresponding set is checked by a special organization that has the status of an operator of source expertise. In a number of cases, the Institute of Metrology is involved in this task. Based on the results of the examination, an opinion is made as to whether it is possible to include standards that have passed the certification, in the order of Rosstandart on their introduction.

Initial certification

We will now study how the legislation of the Russian Federation, in particular at the level of the provisions of the legal act under consideration, directly carries out the certification of measurement standards. First, it is carried out, as we noted above, at the level of primary communications. At this stage, the holder of standards, first of all, develops:

- special passport;

- Rules for the use of the standard, in which there is a section on its periodic certification.

An important nuance: the rules should also reflect, in cases stipulated by law, the methodology in accordance with which verification and calibration of measuring instruments should be carried out. This component of the rules can also be developed by the order of the holder of the Institute of Metrology.

Forms for which a passport and rules should be drawn up, Rosstandart recommended. Orders of this agency, therefore, may contain the required forms. In turn, the methodology, according to which the standard should be certified, must also meet certain criteria. So, in it you need to reflect the information:

- on those procedures that are implemented in the framework of certification;

- on how calibration and calibration of measuring instruments should be carried out;

- on the rules in accordance with which the metrological characteristics of the standard are determined, and also the assessment of its compliance with certain criteria defined in the legislation is carried out;

- on the requirements for rules of reference.

After the documents required for the initial certification are prepared, verification or calibration of the standard is carried out. It can be conducted by the Institute of Metrology, a competent state structure at the regional level, or an accredited organization or an individual entrepreneur.

As a result of the procedure, a calibration certificate is issued, which confirms that it was carried out according to the established scheme. If the standard is calibrated, the fact that it corresponds to a certain category is confirmed by a separate conclusion. The form of the calibration certificate is also approved by Rosstandart. Orders of this department can also establish forms of relevant documents.

Primary attestation: tasks of the holder of the standard

Certain tasks in this case are also assigned to the holder of the standard. Thus, it is assumed that it will assess its compliance with the established technical requirements, as well as the criteria that determine the content and use of the measuring instrument. If the results of the assessment of this compliance are positive, and the calibration certificate is issued correctly, a certificate is issued confirming the fact of passing the certification of the standard. In this case, the corresponding measurement tool receives the registration number.

The next task of the holder of the standard is to issue a special application for approval of the measuring instrument, which passed the procedure of primary certification. This document is sent to the Federal Agency for Technical Regulation and Metrology.

This is the specificity of the primary attestation of standards. But there is also a periodic. In fact, this is the certification of working standards. Let's consider its features in more detail.

Features of periodic certification of standards

The way in which this procedure is carried out is also determined by Rosstandart. Means of measurement - the object of regulation, which is within the competence of this department also in the aspect of periodic certification.

In the framework of the procedure in question, verification or calibration of the standard can also be carried out. In this case, the main role here is also played by its holder. Verification or calibration, as well as an assessment of the conformity of the measuring instrument to the established scheme, is carried out by the holder of the standard, which is characterized by the highest accuracy criteria according to state standards. In this case, the holder of the standard must be accredited for competence.

In some cases, the methodology according to which the periodic certification is carried out, can be provided by the holder of the company's standard, which calibrates the measuring instruments.

If the verification results are positive, the holder of the standard, which is characterized by high accuracy in accordance with the established scheme, provides the holder of the measuring instrument with a certificate supplemented with the protocol. The form of this certificate is also determined by Rosstandart. Means of measurement as an object of legislative regulation in this case also fall within the competence of the department.

Within the framework of periodic certification, standard holders also assess their compliance with the established technical requirements, as well as the criteria for content and use, which should be reflected in the rules for the use of measuring instruments, as well as in the operating documents. In the event that the results of this assessment are positive - a certificate is issued confirming the fact of certification of the standard.

Then the holder of the corresponding measuring instrument enters information on the results of the periodic certification in the operating documents. After this, the information is transferred to the competent state structures for the purposes of entry into the registers of the Federal Fund.

If it is found out that the standard does not comply with the established scheme, as a result of its verification, and if it is impossible to repair the corresponding measuring instrument, the holder of the standard with high accuracy indicators gives the holder a special notice that the standard is unsuitable for use because of failure to verify Or because it is impossible to perform its calibration. A copy of this source must be transferred to Rosstandart. The attestation of standards presupposes, as we already know, the transfer of information about them to the Federal Fund. Let us consider the details of this procedure in more detail.

Transfer of information about standards to the Federal Fund

Data on the standards, which were in the manner specified by the law, approved, are transferred to the corresponding fund Rosstandart. For this, the resources of the operator of the electronic document management system are involved. Information that is provided by the applicant in accordance with the established form is also used, provided that they are confirmed by the results of the examination.

Information recorded in the Fund's registers can be periodically adjusted - provided that the data on the metrological characteristics of the measuring instrument are not changed. In turn, the holder of the standard is obligated to send a notification to Rosstandart on the established form about changes in the structure of data on the technical means, if:

- the holder changed;

- adjustments were made to the passport of the technical means or to the rules for its application;

- there were changes in the intervals between the attestations.

The relevant notice can be supplemented if necessary with other documents, in which some changes are made.

Sources sent to Rosstandart are studied by the agency, after which its specialists issue an order to make adjustments to the registers of the Federal Fund. Data on various standards are kept in due course in the Fund. They can be deleted after 5 years from the receipt of the notification that the operation of the measuring instrument has been discontinued.

In the event that Rosstandart will be provided with erroneous information about certain standards, the information that is present in the registers of the Federal Fund is checked. If it turns out that the error really exists, they are corrected in the established order.

The way Rosstandart controls the standards of units of physical quantities, as well as how they are recorded, is controlled. This department also, as we noted above, carries out the necessary law-making procedures, introducing, in particular, in the document circulation various forms that are subject to application by the holders of standards and other subjects of legal relations in the sphere of circulation of measuring instruments. It will be useful to study in more detail the peculiarities of Rosstandart's work.

Rosstandart as the main regulator of the sphere of turnover of measuring instruments

This agency has the status of a federal agency. It is subordinate to the Ministry of Industry and Trade of the Russian Federation. Among the main objects of regulation within the competence that Rosstandart is endowed with are standards (in particular, their attestation), but not only. This agency is also responsible for a number of other key activities. In particular, the competence of Rosstandart is:

- administration of various procedures related to the implementation of technical regulations - including those established by international agreements of the Russian Federation;

- examination of projects of various national standards;

- control and supervision of the activities of certain economic entities in terms of ensuring the compliance of the products they produce with the established requirements and regulations;

- Ensuring the effective operation of various public services - metrology, time, frequency, reference data on physical quantities, samples of the composition of substances and materials.

Also, as we noted above, Rosstandart is responsible for maintaining the registers of the Federal Fund, which reflects data on what standards in metrology are certified, which of them are subject to additional study for compliance with the established requirements, as well as on adjustments in the records of Those or other means of measurement.