An archeologist is ... A profession archeologist. Scientists-archeologists

To mention archeology began in ancient Greece. For example, Plato understood this concept of the study of antiquity, and in the Renaissance it was the study of the history of Greece and Ancient Rome. In foreign science this term is associated with anthropology. In Russia, archeology is a science that studies fossil materials that are associated with human activity in ancient times. She studies excavations and at the moment cooperates with many scientific branches and has several sections dealing with different epochs and cultural areas.

Profession archeologist is a multifaceted and interesting work

People study the culture and way of life of ancient civilizations, restoring the distant past to the remains that are neatly unearthed in the seams of the earth. This work requires great care and diligence. As with time, the remains of the past become more fragile and shabby.

An archeologist is a person who is engaged in excavations in the search for sources for new research. Often this profession is compared with detective work. The work of archeologists is creative, requiring attention, imagination and abstract thinking - to recreate the pristine picture of the ancient world in the past.

The profession became popular in Greece and Ancient Rome. Already from those times the stone, bronze and iron ages were known, many excavations were carried out, and even more ancient architectural monuments were found. In the Renaissance the main goal of archaeologists was to find antique sculptures. As a separate science it was formed at the beginning of the 20th century.

What qualities should an archaeologist have?

It is necessary to know a lot of facts accumulated by scientists in the chosen field for their activities. It may be the Neolithic or Paleolithic age, bronze, early iron, Scythian time, antiquity, Slavic-Russian archeology, etc. The list is not complete, and it can be continued. An archeologist is an interesting profession, but requires the erudition of scientists and the ability to compare different sources.

Such a person should have his own opinion and be able to defend him, argue, relying on logic, and not on emotions. It is difficult, but it is necessary to abandon your hypotheses if there are facts that refute them. The work of archaeologists requires the presence of important qualities - this is patience, diligence, accuracy. They are extremely necessary for excavations.

We need good endurance and physical training, as the work of archaeologists is most often associated with excavations that take place in different climatic conditions. Plus the lack of allergies to organic materials. An archeologist is a person who must be balanced, calm, able to work in a team.

Knowledge that is required

Professionals should be able to draw, draw, photograph. To master the fundamentals of not only restoration, but also the preservation of metal, stone, clay and organic materials (leather, bone, wood, cloth, etc.). It is necessary to have a wide knowledge of anthropology, linguistics, ethnography, geodesy, topography, geology and paleozoology. Those archaeologists who study historical antiquities should know the history and auxiliary disciplines well (textology, numismatics, paleography, sphragistics, heraldry and much more).

Field archaeologists should be economists, good organizers, educators and psychologists. But most importantly, they should be able to "see the earth", read its layers and layers and correctly compare the found antiquities.

Occupational diseases

People-archeologists have their own diseases, which they acquire in expeditions. Most often it is gastritis or gastric ulcer, which directly depends on the quality of food, as there are often no normal conditions for cooking. Rheumatism and radiculitis are also common, as archaeologists often have to live in tents under various weather conditions. Because of this, there are various arthroses and arthritis.

What is the work of the archaeologist?

What do archaeologists do? Not only global excavations, but also individual mosaic fragments, which must be properly selected and carefully folded into one. It often happens that the mystery of the past is solved for many years. But the final result is worth it. Since this is how you can recreate the past, which, it would seem, is forever hidden in the bowels of the planet.

What do archaeologists do? They study the sources, analyze them and subsequently supplement them with various already known facts. Studies include not only excavations, but also the cabinet part, when the work passes directly with artifacts and documents. Scientists can work not only on land, but also under water.

The most famous archaeologists

Henry Schliemann is a German scholar who discovered Troy. This is one of the first pioneer archaeologists who began to study antiquity. He was born on 6.01.1822. On a horoscope - a capricorn. He led excavations in Syria, Egypt, Palestine, Greece and Turkey. Nearly half his life, Henry tried to show the historical importance of the Homeric epic. He tried to prove that all the events described in the poems are not a fantasy, but a reality.

The Norwegian anthropologist Thor Heyerdahl was born in 1914, on October 6. He wrote many books. His expeditions were always bright, filled with heroic events. Many of his works have caused controversy among scientists, but it is thanks to Tour that the interest in the ancient history of the peoples of the world has increased much.

There are well-known archaeologists in Russia. Among them is Boris Piotrovsky, he was born in 1908. By the sign of the zodiac - Aquarius. This is a well-known Russian historian-orientalist and academician. He explored many monuments of the North Caucasus, Transcaucasia and Central Asia. Since 1949 he was appointed deputy director of the Hermitage in the scientific part.

Outstanding discoveries

Scientists-archeologists distinguish 10 of the most significant finds of the world, which were found during excavations:

• Rosetta stone, discovered near the village of Rashid. It is a granodiorite (rock) with the inscription of Ptolemy V (Egyptian king). The inscription is made with Egyptian hieroglyphics, in Greek and demotic writing.
• Venus de Milo is the famous statue of ancient Greece. The period of late Hellenism. It was found by the Greek peasant in 1820 on the island of Milos. But the hands of the statue could not be found.
• Angkor Wat (city-temple) is an outstanding monument of Buddhism in Cambodia. It is part of a complex of temples. Opened by his French traveler Henri Muo in 1861. The name of this city was later called the whole era.
• Troy, Ilion - the oldest city on the peninsula near the Dardanelles Strait. Troy became very famous for poems. At the excavations revealed 46 cultural layers, subsequently divided into several periods.
• Mycenae - the oldest city in southern Greece, in Argolis. It is considered the largest center of Aegean culture. During the excavations, many tombs were found, in which were treasures - swords, rings, gold and silver objects, masks, plates and discs with chasing.
• The Minoan civilization was discovered by Arthur Evans, an English archaeologist. At the excavations were found palace and city buildings, necropolises. One of the most famous finds is a stone disk with inscriptions on an unknown scholarly language.
• Machu Picchu is an Inca fortress, a sanctuary city. It was discovered by the American scientist Hiram Bingham. These picturesque ruins are one of the best examples of the Post-Schenic stone construction. The monument has preserved 200 different rooms and buildings, temples, residential buildings, defensive structures.
• The tomb of Tutankhamen near Luxor was opened by British archeologist Howard Kater. In the tomb itself were huge treasures, and the mummy was buried in three sarcophagi, which were invested one in the other.
• Birch bark letters - scratched and squeezed out on birch bark. The first time they were found in Novgorod. And already in 2012 there were over a thousand.
• Princess Ukoka - an ancient mummy, found in a Scythian mound in the Altai, on the border with Mongolia. Her age is over 2,5 thousand years.

Unexplained findings

What do archeologists find from the unusual? There are a number of excavated exhibits, which can not be logically explained. The academic society of the figure of Acambaro was disturbed. The first was found in Mexico by the German Waldemar Jalsrad. Figures, it would seem, had an ancient origin, but caused a lot of skepticism among scientists.

Stones of Drop - echoes of the ancient civilization. These are hundreds of disks made of stone, found on the floor of the cave, on which were stories engraved on space ships. They were ruled by creatures whose remains were also found in the cave.

Scary Finds

In archeology there are also rather terrible finds. For example, screaming mummies. One of them was bound hand and foot, but there was a scream on his face. There were suggestions that she was buried alive, tortured, poisoned. But research has shown that the jaw is simply badly tied up or not done at all, so the mummy's mouth was opened.

Archaeologists also found the enormous claws of an unknown monster. And the found skull and beak of enormous size only convinced scientists that it would not be pleasant if such a monster met someone on its path. But later it turned out that these were the ancient ancestors of the Moa bird. And their growth exceeded the human in 2-3 times. It is said that there is a possibility that this bird has survived to this day, and it can be tried to find in areas of New Zealand. The natives of this country have many legends concerning Moa.

Tools of archaeologists

At the excavation, this type of tool is mainly used: bayonet, soviet and sapper shovels, various sizes of pickaxes and choppers, garden scoops, brooms, sledge hammers, hammers and different size brushes. The work of the archaeologist can be quite heavy, especially when it is necessary to excavate large mounds.

The important point is the correct work at the facility. And the ability to find the right tool is also necessary. The head of excavations not only monitors the health of archaeologists, but also helps to properly use the necessary brushes and shovels.

How to become an archaeologist

You can learn both on day time and on correspondence. An archeologist is a profession that anyone can acquire who has a craving for antiquity and excavation. To do this, you need to enter a university where historians are trained. It is graduates in this discipline who can then excavate and other areas. An archaeologist is a historian. However, unlike the latter, he does not only study the theory, but also personally searches and explores antiquity.

Wages archeologist

The average Russian salary is approximately 15 thousand rubles. But only for one expedition the archaeologist can receive up to 30 thousand rubles. Wages in different cities may vary. For example, in Moscow it ranges from 20 to 30 thousand rubles. In the regions, it is approximately 5-7 thousand lower.