Acne intestinal: life cycle, structure. Strongyloidosis - treatment

What are intestinal ugly? The answer to this difficult question is found in the materials of this article. Also we will tell you how to get rid of these unpleasant guests.

basic information

The intestinal intestine, the photo of which you can see in this article, is a round worm. There are several dozens of such parasites. Most of them are safe for humans, but there are also those that cause serious infections.

Features of the parasite

The intestinal larva, whose life cycle begins as soon as a person becomes infected with their larvae, can induce the development of such a disease as strongyloidiasis. This is a parasitic disease. It should be treated immediately after diagnosis.

Intestinal acorns can live and reproduce in the human body for decades without causing any symptoms. However, it should be noted that such parasites threaten the lives of those who have decreased immunity.

Spread

Strongyloidosis is quite widespread in countries with subtropical and tropical climates. In endemic areas, enteric intestinal can affect up to 40% of the population. According to estimates, about 100-180 million people in 70 countries are infected with this parasitic disease.

It should be particularly noted that strongyloidosis is very common in people living in Azerbaijan, Georgia, and also in the west of Ukraine, in the Stavropol and Krasnodar regions, in the Amur and Rostov region.

Ways of infection

Acorns are intestinal, or rather their larvae can penetrate the human body even through intact skin (for example, when walking barefoot or in the process of other contact with the ground).

The symptoms of strongyloidiasis may be accompanied by itching and reflect not only the process of penetration of the larvae, but also the very existence of worms inside the human body where they are quickly carried by the blood flow through the organs and vessels, resulting in the intestines. The most frequent manifestations of such an invasion are liquid and watery stools, urticaria rash on the skin, and severe abdominal pain.

Ugric intestinal: morphology and life cycle

A small filamentary nematode is called an acorn. The female of this parasite often reaches a length of just over 2 mm. As for the male, it is much smaller (about 0.7 mm).

Near the mouth of the worm are the so-called lips. The tail of the female has a slight thickening. Under favorable conditions, she lays eggs, the sizes of which reach 30-58 microns. These larvae have a shell that has a sufficiently high strength.

What is intestinal acne? The structure of this parasite resembles the structure of an ordinary roundworm.

The life cycle of this helminth is very complicated. It combines the replacement of freely living generations of blackheads with parasites. The first live in the soil. Females lay a large number of eggs, and after a while rhabdite larvae emerge from them. Being in the earth, they feed on substances of organic nature.

Under adverse conditions such parasites are not invasive. They are transformed into a filariform form, and in the subsequent can become the cause of infection with strongyloidiasis.

Fertilization of the intestinal ugliness in the living body occurs in the trachea or bronchi. After completion of this process, the round worm gets to the pharynx along the respiratory tract, and then it is swallowed together with saliva, sputum or food. As a result, the parasite gets to the intestine, where, in fact, egg laying takes place. After a while, the rhabdite-shaped larvae emerge from the latter. Usually they leave the human body together with feces. Although in some cases such parasites do not go outside. As a result, they are transformed into a filariform shape. At this stage, the worm again enters the circulatory system through the walls of the intestine, and then its life cycle repeats. This phenomenon can occur with constipation or other causes that prevent emptying within one day or more.

Symptoms

Now you know the cycle of the development of the intestinal ugly. What symptoms accompany a parasitic disease, like strongyloidosis? The signs of this disease depend on its severity and individual characteristics of the organism.

Strongyloidosis can occur in several forms: asymptomatic autoinfection, acute infection, chronic infection with gastrointestinal manifestations, Leffler's syndrome, symptomatic autoinfection, and hyperinfection syndrome with the spread of helminths throughout the body.

In immunocompromised and weakened individuals, strongyloidiasis can easily be transformed into a disseminated form. In this case, the larvae spread throughout the body. This form of the disease is quite difficult, contributing to the development of infection of blood, meningitis, myocarditis and others.

The main symptoms of strongyloidiasis include the following:

• Gastrointestinal manifestations: bloating, epigastric pain, anal itching, diarrhea, nausea, decreased appetite, constipation, weight loss, vomiting.
• Pulmonary manifestations: wheezing in the lungs, shortness of breath and a small cough (may be with blood).
• Skin manifestations: rashes on any parts of the body that come into contact with the ground. Such a rash is pink-red blisters of oval shape that rise above the surface of the skin. They are able to change their size, accompanied by a strong itch and stay on the covers for several hours or days.
• Other manifestations. If the larvae afflicted the HC, the patient may have stiff neck, headaches, signs of meningitis, and also a coma.

It should also be noted that the spread of helminths throughout the body can contribute to damage to the liver, heart, kidneys, peritoneum, thyroid and pancreas, as well as lymph nodes, prostate and ovaries.

How to diagnose?

Diagnostics of strongyloidiasis is a rather complicated process. There is no standard detection of this disease. Very often the diagnosis is made very late or wrong. This is due to the fuzziness and nonspecificity of complaints.

In people with a chronic form of the disease, the number of living inside the parasites is small. In this case, the larvae constantly stand out together with the feces, which greatly complicates the diagnosis.

Identify this disease allows the following methods:

• Enzyme immunoassay ;
• Stool microscopy;
• Immunofluorescence reaction;
• Method of microscopy (modified) by Bergman;
• Polymerase chain reaction;
• Culture analysis of feces on blood agar;
• Aspiration biopsy.

Acne vulgaris: treatment

Biological and chemical characteristics of blackheads do not allow to achieve effective treatment of parasitic disease by using medicines in small dosages. Larval stages are quite difficult to treat. Eliminate this disease is better in the process of its development.

The most effective drug for the treatment of strongyloidiasis is Ivermectin. This tool is ideal for the treatment of chronic and acute forms of the disease, as well as hyperinfection of disseminated.

After a two-day course of treatment, the percentage of patients recovering is about 97. However, it should be noted that such a drug is not applied to children, as its effect on the child is not fully understood.

Alternative means of parasitic disease therapy are "Mebendazole" and "Aalbendazol". To avoid complications associated with the central nervous system, the last medication should be prescribed only by an experienced doctor in combination with glucocorticoids and anticonvulsants.

Rehabilitation of patients after treatment is achieved within one year. With a longer course of invasion, during which a person developed dystrophic changes in the gastrointestinal mucosa, the patient may need to take enzyme and fortifying agents.