A bill of lading is strict control and safe delivery

Business, carried out with foreign partners, implies more complex relations, with certain financial and other risks. The international norms and legislation of the partner country, the conditions of bank settlements and the carriage of goods must be taken into account.

With the aim of facilitating and regulating the relations between entrepreneurs of different countries, the governments of many states have certain international agreements on the use of unified rules and norms of foreign trade. These include rules on bills of lading, regulated by international conventions and protocols.

What is a bill of lading? This is a transport document issued for sea freight to the sender, confirming that the goods have been accepted by him. In other words, this document can be defined as a contract for the transport of goods, which is concluded between the consignor of the goods and the transport company. The bill of lading is actually one of the types of securities.

This document is intended for water transportation and is widely used in this field, and it appeared in the era of the sailing fleet. Initially, the bill of lading was considered as a document of maritime transport. Now its use in the transport of goods by other modes of transport (through bills of lading).

The bill of lading carries out three main functions:

- confirms the availability of goods on board the ship;

- indicates the existence of a contract for transportation;

- the recipient of this document also accepts the right to transit cargo.

Such a security is issued on certain forms. They are developed by associations of shipowners and various shipping companies. This document has a multi-purpose purpose.

There are the following types of bills of lading:

1. Order. It enables the consignee to transfer the right to cargo (resell), which has not yet reached the addressee, to a third party.
2. Board. If an onboard bill of lading is issued, this means that the goods are loaded on board the ship.
3. Clean. It is usually said here that the goods are visually in good condition (for example, defects in packaging).
4. Bill of lading with reservation. Applicable in cases where the captain indicates visible damage to the cargo.
5. Nominal bill of lading. An example with a pronounced function of registered securities. It must indicate the surname of the consignee.
6. Negotiable. It can be transferred from one owner to another.
7. Bearer. A document transmitted by simple delivery. In practice, this species is rarely used.
8. A steamship line bill of lading. This document, which contains all the terms of the contract of carriage.
9. Charter. He confirms the receipt of the goods, which was transported by means of a charter. Charter - agreement on hiring a vessel for a flight.
10. Pass-through bill of lading. This means that in the route of cargo movement there may be transfer points. When the cargo is transported by several types of vehicles.

In the bill of lading, the name of the ship, the carrier, the place of destination of the cargo, the place of loading of the vessel, the full name of the sender and the consignee, the name of the cargo, the freight, the place and time of issue of the bill of lading, the number of copies compiled, the captain's signature must be indicated.

A bill of lading is a document of distribution that is a security. Various operations related to the purchase and sale of goods are carried out using a bill of lading without the physical movement of the goods themselves. This document can be sold, bought, transferred under certain conditions, and also expresses ownership of the goods indicated in the document.