Wooden constructions of SNiP: basic requirements for design and protection

Among the building materials, wood occupies a special place. Previously it was built not just separate buildings, but entire cities. In the modern construction industry, wooden structures are widely used. SNiP || -25-80 is the main document, a design guide, as well as ways to protect the specified material and building elements made from it.

Wood is highly technological, low in specific weight and easy to handle. In the manufacture of such building structures as window frames, interior doors with laths, rafters, mainly used wood of coniferous species. This species is most common and quite resistant to external influences. For responsible and loaded structures, valuable hardwood can be used.

Features of designing of building elements from wood

The structures must have the necessary mechanical strength and stability. Ensuring the required characteristics is the goal of design and calculation activities. Special attention in their conduct deserves a wooden structure. SNiP defines the basic requirements for such calculations. The bearing capacity of the elements and the ultimate deformation must satisfy the established parameters.

Ensuring the long-term operation of buildings, taking into account the impact of external factors, constant and variable loads - these are the main requirements of SNiP. Wooden roof structures and interfloor ceilings in low-rise buildings are used most widely. The main reason is low price and simplicity in manufacturing. In the wide practice, mostly typical schemes and recommendations of specialists are used.

Development of protective measures for structures made of wood

The maximum realization of all the advantages of this building material is possible only if its stability to the external environment is ensured. High flammability, susceptibility to the damaging effects of moisture and biological pests - these drawbacks have wooden structures. SNiP provides a set of measures for their prevention and minimization of harmful consequences.

Methods of protecting wood from fire, high humidity or pests have been developed and are being improved. So, processing rafters, logs and beams with special chemical compounds-fire retardants can reduce the risk of fire. Antiseptics reliably repel insect pests and inhibit the development of mold and fungi.

Additional requirements for sawn timber

Stability and strength of wooden building structures is achieved through the use of materials with appropriate parameters. Benefit to SNiP wooden structures in addition to GOST 8486-66 and 9463-72 makes some additional requirements. This applies to the width of annual layers, the use of the central part of the trunk - the core and moisture of the array.

In the construction industry, new materials and elements that are made of them are used. In recent years, increasingly profiled wooden structures. SNiP defines the basic requirements for them and the rules for their use.