When and where in the suburbs to collect mushrooms?

For some reason, it is believed that mushrooms appear in the forest only in the fall, and they can be collected, when after a hot summer comes the rainy season. And far from all lovers of quiet hunting know that in Moscow suburbs it is possible to collect these forest delicacies with the onset of warm days in the spring, throughout the summer and until frosts in late autumn. For experienced mushroom pickers it is no longer a secret which, when and where in the Moscow region to collect mushrooms throughout the mushroom season. But newcomers in this business need tips and advice.

Why does everyone like mushrooms so much?

For most lovers of quiet hunting, picking mushrooms is not just a ritual of unity with nature or a walk through fresh air. First of all, it is a way to get a delicious and healthy food that will not only please the whole family with its exquisite taste and aroma, but also save the family budget. Everyone understands that in the woods for mushrooms no one needs to pay anything, it is only necessary to spend a certain amount of time. In addition, the collection process itself is a lot of positive emotions, such as joy and delight.

A successful mushroom picker can provide his family with mushrooms for the whole winter. Mushrooms can not only be pickled, salted or dried, but also simply frozen in the refrigerator. Frozen mushrooms remain fresh, and on their basis you can cook broth for any first dish, or just fry the gifts of the forest with potatoes and onions.

Mushrooms and their nutritional value

Mushrooms are one of the favorite foods and have a certain value. The main substance of the fungus pulp is water, its content in mushrooms is from 80% and higher. Proteins and carbohydrates in fungi have approximately equal shares - 3-6% each. Fats contain less than 1%, while the rest is occupied by vitamins, trace elements and extractives.

Much is contained in the mushrooms and fiber, it is not absorbed by the human body, but it is very useful for the intestines. Thanks to the fiber, mushrooms have a low calorie content, despite the fact that they saturate very quickly.

Often mushrooms are called forest bread or forest meat, because by chemical composition they resemble these products. When the mushrooms are dried, the water evaporates, and due to this the share of all other useful components increases. The protein content can increase up to 30%.

Mushroom places near Moscow

The Moscow region occupies vast territories around a huge metropolis, most of them are covered with forests and coppices, very rich in mushroom places. It is difficult for a beginning mushroom picker to decide which way he should go and where to pick mushrooms in the Moscow region at this or that time of the season. More experienced collectors of forest delicacies can suggest the direction in which these delicious gifts of nature should be sought, and which mushrooms can be found in the indicated places.

First of all, the mushroom picker needs to find out the direction by which he will reach the most mushroom treasures of the forest near Moscow. A lot of these directions, like beams, diverge in different directions from the central districts of the capital: Kiev, Kursk, Kazan, Leningrad, Yaroslavl, Riga, Savyolovo, Ryazan, Paveletsk, Belarus or Gorky. In any of these regions, you can find places where fungi grow in abundance in the Moscow suburbs. It remains only to get in the car, bus or train, stock up on the attributes necessary for the forest trip and go for the prey.

Mushroom places of the Kiev direction

If you go to the Kiev direction, it's best to go to the outskirts of the village of Selyatino, where you can pick mushrooms in the Moscow region from the beginning to the end of the mushroom season. Here in the forests in abundance grow white mushrooms, boletus, mosses, honey-mushrooms, russula and little-known Polish mushrooms.

Raw trees are considered the most common mushrooms not only in the Moscow region, but throughout Russia. They feel great both in deciduous and coniferous and mixed forests. All russules of different species have an equally white hollow cylindrical leg and a hat with white plates. And the top of the cap can be any color, depending on the type. Most often in the forest you can see pink russules, but they are also blue, and green, and blue-green, and gray, yellow, orange, and red, even purple. Raw millet - mushroom is very fragile, because it grows only in a rainy autumn season and is strongly saturated with moisture. Therefore, it is not recommended to add a lot of these mushrooms to one basket or put other mushrooms on top of them. Even if you observe these precautions, some mushrooms will still be scattered into small pieces.

It is believed that green russula can be eaten raw. But it is best to salve them, as well as other species of this fungus. Fried russula, if not pre-soaked, have a bitter taste, like a broth of them.

Mushroom places along the Kursk direction

In Kursk direction, by train, after reaching the stations "Lvivska" or "Kolkhoznaya", you can reach places where edible mushrooms in the Moscow suburbs are represented by such species as blackies, mushrooms, russula, boletus, podberyozoviki, oily and chanterelles.

Going to the collection of mushrooms, do not take a basket or a basket with you. It is better to take a sack or a pair of buckets a little more. After rainy autumn sometimes piles grow in mixed forests in such quantity that, having discovered their deposit, it is difficult to collect all the found mushrooms. Usually they collect white mackerel, black and dry mackerel - podgruzdok, and they are suitable only for salting after careful processing by soaking in cold water and subsequent digestion. Unmanded mushrooms, especially black, can be bitter and spoil the dish, if you try to fry them with potatoes.

The hat of this mushroom is plate-shaped, funnel-shaped, impressed in the middle, white mushroom - light, whitish-yellow, black - darkish-olive, turning into a hollow cylindrical leg. In the forests, the mushrooms appear at the end of summer and in the autumn, when the soil is wet, well moistened with rains.

Paveletsk direction

In the city of Domodedovo there is an interesting microdistrict, called the White Pillars. This dacha settlement is surrounded by forests, where the white mushrooms in the suburbs are so abundant that they talk about the origin of the micro-district name precisely because of the presence of mushroom sites rich in white mushrooms. Also here are often found russula and podebriozoviki.

White mushroom is a real king among mushrooms. It is considered one of the most valuable and delicious of all representatives of the mushroom kingdom, not counting an expensive and rare delicacy truffle. In contrast, a white fungus is available everywhere and delivers mushroomers more joy than other of his brethren. As soon as there is a rumor among mushroom pickers that mushrooms have appeared in the suburbs, they immediately go looking for whites, and others are collected only if they can not find white mushrooms.

White refers to tubular mushrooms. It can be dried, fried, stewed with onions and potatoes, boiled from it a delicious, aromatic soup. But for salting it, like all tubular mushrooms, is not good enough, it's better to pickle. White mushrooms usually appear at the end of June in oak forests, spruce forests and pine forests. Their hat is dark brown and convex, dense flesh, white short leg. White mushroom is the largest, some specimens can reach giant sizes - up to several tens of centimeters in height and width, and up to several kilograms of weight.

Mushroom places of Kazan direction

Kazan direction can be called one of the most promising in terms of replenishing family supplies of nature. There are many places where gathering mushrooms in the Moscow region is a pleasure. The neighborhoods of villages Donino, Grigorovo and Gzhel villages are filled with deposits of chanterelles, sprat, oily, boletus, podberezovikov and white mushrooms.

The oily mushroom is slippery because it likes to grow in moist coniferous forests, mostly in pine forests, and prefers rainy but not cold weather. This fungus can be harvested in the summer from the end of June, but the main wave of the oil harvest comes in the first half of autumn. The buttercup has a round, glossy, convex cap, the color of which can vary from light yellow to brown, a bright yellow tubular layer and a low dense yellowish-brown stem.

To some people pickled butter mushrooms resemble frogs. Although they can be marinated, but not everyone likes the slippery, trembling substance floating in the marinade. It is not recommended to salt these mushrooms at all. It is best to fry them with onion and potatoes or to dry. A soup and borscht, cooked on a broth from oily meat, resemble meat, as oily fatty and oily, which fully justify its name, and the first dish of them shines from floating on the surface of fat.

We are going to Yaroslavl direction

Champions among the most mushroom places of the Moscow region are rightfully considered to be those in the Yaroslavl direction. If an experienced mushroom picker to the question whether mushrooms have appeared in the suburbs, he will hear a positive response, then he will most likely go to the Zelenogradsky district, to the village of Darino, to the village of Abramtsevo or to Kalistovo station. In these areas, the yields of mushrooms are so great that you can take in the mushroom campaign not only your family, but also families of relatives and friends, without fearing that someone will get few mushrooms. Here, mushroom pickers will be pleased with placer deposits, white mushrooms, oily, red and yellow jelly.

The jelly is an interesting mushroom and not as widely known as other relatives. It is also called green, green or a row of yellow-green. It has a smooth, yellowish-green or brownish-yellow hat, darker in the middle, with bright yellow plates, slimy under wet weather and always priporoshennaya sand. The cylindrical leg is also yellowish-green in color, hollow inside.

The jelly has an unusual floury smell and an interesting nutty sweet taste. This mushroom is suitable for cooking soups and for cooking garnishes for omelettes and various dishes of meat. The jelly grows in the second half of autumn in coniferous forests on moss or sandy soil, usually in large groups.

Successful places along the Savyolovskaya road

The village of Khoroshilovo, where the Savyolovo direction leads, is surrounded by forest lands, where edible mushrooms in the Moscow suburbs are represented by chanterelles, boletuses and honey-mushrooms.

With the onset of summer days and until late autumn, the glades are colored with flocks of the most cheerful forest mushrooms - red chanterelles. Chanterelles are representatives of lamellar fungi. The hat is irregular in shape, in adult mushrooms - funnel-shaped, turning into a leg. Grow chanterelles in large families in deciduous and coniferous forests, mainly on sandy soils.

Chanterelle is considered a very valuable fungus, because it almost never worms like other mushrooms growing in the suburbs. It is also appreciated for its amazing taste, for the fact that many delicious dishes can be prepared from it. Chanterelles are good in pickling and marinade, they are dried, fried and cooked in soups, they are combined with so many products and give them an unusual taste and aroma.

Leningrad direction

In the neighborhood Firsanovka in the city of Khimki, where you can gather mushrooms in the Moscow region as successfully as in other mushroom places, you need to go to the Leningrad direction. The most common here are spruce, white mushrooms, redheads and podberezovikov.

In coniferous forests you can often find a mushroom with a bright yellow-red coloration. It's a redhead. He has a cylindrical leg and a hat in the form of a funnel with circles. If you cut the redhead with a knife, orange juice is allocated. Contrary to some recommendations, frying or drying rouge is not worth it, in fried form they have a bitter taste. Usually they are salted, less often they are marinated. Some mushroom pickers are eaten even by raw fresh young rozhiki, cutting and sprinkling them with salt.

Reds are harvested from early August until November frosts. These mushrooms are cleverly able to hide in the grass, so when collecting them, you need to carefully look through the grassy thickets. If one red hat is seen in the grass, then a whole family can be found nearby, because the redheads do not like to grow alone.

Mushroom places in the Riga direction

If you come to the summer village of Opalikh, then you can walk along the forest paths and without difficulty collect full baskets of coarse and sub-buffalo.

An excellent mushroom - podberezovik. In people it is called a birch bark, obobok or birch obobok. Find it you can often under birches, which is why the name of the fungus occurred. The layer is tubular, the color of the cap depends on the tree under which conditions it grows, and can vary from dark brown to light gray. The hat with age turns from a hemispherical into a pillow-shaped, and can reach up to 20 centimeters in diameter. The foot of the coffin is long, in comparison with the size of the cap - thin, whitish-gray and covered with dark scales.

An avid lover who knows where to find mushrooms in the suburbs is most likely going to look for podberezoviki among quite young birches, it is under them that these mushrooms yield better crops. But they can grow under other trees in mixed and even spruce forests, where birches grow. Gather podebrjozoviki from the very beginning of summer and till autumn frosts. The undercoat is suitable for drying, frying and preparing soups.

The best places in the Belarusian direction

Spruce, chanterelles and mushrooms can be collected in the forests around the village of Pestovo, which is located between the station of Portnovskaya of the Belorussian direction, and Zvenigorod.

Everybody loves the picnic. A festive table can not be without pickled or pickled fudge, because their taste fascinated every person from childhood. Brilliant kids, floating in the marinade, bring in emotion even those who do not understand mushrooms at all. Honey mushrooms are not only salted and marinated, they are also dried and fried, and broths of them are obtained as rich as oyster mushrooms or white mushrooms.

Growing mushrooms on stumps, fallen trunks and at the base of old trees by large families. They have round small-sized hats and thin elongated legs. Color frit can vary from light yellow to dark brown, depending on the species. These mushrooms usually appear in late summer and grow to frost, prefer the cool rainy weather.

Distinguish more than 30 different species of spruce, from them are considered edible marmalade winter, summer, autumn, meadow and forest. But edible fats have poisonous twins, with which they are easily confused - false honey agarics. To distinguish edible from false one is possible by the following sign: edible always grow on wood, even on hidden roots, and false ones can grow on their own, without a wood base. The edible ones have a ring-skirt on their legs, but the false ones do not.

Where not to go for mushrooms and what not to do on mushroom hunting

Any mushroomer dreams of a good harvest of mushrooms and of luck in quiet hunting. In order not to be disappointed and not to go home with an empty basket, you first need to find out from the experts whether there are mushrooms in the suburbs in those places that are not famous for large yields. If the answer is negative or undefined, then it is better not to travel in the Ryazan or Gorky directions. Of course, there you can also find and collect white mushrooms, boletus, podberezovikov, butt and oil, mushrooms and russules, but in these directions they are much smaller than in other forests of the Moscow region.

Finding out if there were mushrooms in the suburbs, and going after them, it should be remembered that, in addition to edible, there are a lot of dangerous poisonous mushrooms in the forest. False firearms, false chanterelles and false mushrooms are very similar to their edible relatives. Pale toadstool can be taken for a champignon, and a very dangerous Satanic mushroom confused with white. You can get poisoned even by conditionally edible mushrooms, if they are improperly cooked - with a wave, a black one, a pig, we pour, some kinds of russules, morels and stitches. You can even poison yourself with an edible mushroom, if it's wormy or too old.

It is necessary to know that there are many places where it is impossible to gather mushrooms in the Moscow region. Strongly do not do this near roads, roads, industrial plants and gas stations. Also, you can not buy mushrooms in these places from local mushroom pickers. In addition, in the suburbs there are places of burial of radioactive waste and burial grounds, to which lovers of quiet hunting should not even come nearer.

And, of course, you do not need to eat mushrooms raw, without subjecting them to sufficient heat treatment for the destruction of poisonous substances. Some mountain mushroom pickers find themselves in the hospital only because they throw the mushrooms directly into a frying pan, without first boiling them, and get poisoned with edible mushrooms. And since any the best mushroom in its raw form is poisonous, it is necessary to boil the mushrooms for at least an hour, preferably in two waters, prior to frying, pickling or pickling. At the end of cooking, you can throw a damp, cleaned onion into a saucepan. If it does not change color, then mushrooms can be eaten.