Waterproofing blind area around the house: step-by-step execution, installation and features

After the construction of the house you need to arrange a blind. If this is not done, the precipitations that drain from the roof and walls of the house are delayed, contributing to the subsidence of the basement. To protect the structure from moisture and prevent its accumulation in the foundation area, materials with special water-repellent properties are used. Waterproofing of the blind area is necessary to perform the following functions:

• Protection of load-bearing structures, basements and basement from water;
• The lowering of the soil moisture near the foundation improves its heat-insulating properties;
• Prevention of soil heaving;
• Protection of the foundation from the destructive action of the roots of perennial plants;
• Coatings give the structure a decorative appearance.

Under the size of the blind area, a fertile layer of earth is removed, which is about 25 cm deep. Its optimal width is 100 cm. The waterproofing of the blind area around the house is made all around the perimeter, whatever material is used. If the overhang of the cornice protrudes over a long distance, the blind should be made wider, so that water drains onto it.

Waterproofing for the blind: material

1. Roll materials also suitable for roof protection: geotextile, roofing material, hydroglass, polypropylene, rubemast.
2. Liquid - for the treatment of the surfaces of the foundation and seams of waterproofing: bituminous mastic, tar, absorbent in concrete compositions.
3. Solid materials: asphalt, concrete, cobblestone, paving slabs, artificial stone, etc.

Types of bulk blind area

The simplest waterproofing of the blind area is done with clay. It is spread around the house with a slope outward, rammed, and then covered with other materials, for example, gravel, so that it does not wash out with water.

Depending on the purpose, the following types of waterproofing blinds are used.

1. Bulk . It consists of two layers. Above the bottom layer of compacted clay (thickness 20 cm) is placed a layer of crushed stone 10 cm thick. The type of waterproofing is the simplest. It is used for draining water from a roof by means of a drain and in areas with a small amount of precipitation. It's awkward walking around such a blind area. It can also be washed out in the course of time when the clay gets wet.
2. Bulk with additional waterproofing protection. The blind area becomes more complicated. Suitable for protecting houses with cellars. The roll waterproofing for the blind area is laid on a layer of compacted clay with an overlay on the foundation, and then it is covered with rubble or pebbles. To make the layer not loose, make a layered "pie": clay, waterproofing sheet, 5 cm layer of coarse-grained sand, geotextile, gravel layer 10 cm thick, geotextile and rubble layer 10 cm. For complicated pavement, it is expedient to use durable materials based on polypropylene, PVC films, etc.

Soft bulk pavement is increasingly used in connection with the appearance of high-quality facing materials - paving slabs, artificial stone, etc. They are placed on a layer of sand, comfortable and durable.

Asphalt or concrete pavement

Solid waterproofing of the blind from concrete or asphalt is a reliable protection against precipitation. A 25 cm deep groove is made in the soil around the house. The bottom of the trench should be carefully tampered with. Then formwork is built for concrete casting. In the trench is laid the underlying sand layer of 10 cm thick. It is wetted with water and ground. A layer of gravel 5 cm thick is poured onto the sand, which is also compacted. On top of the road mesh for reinforcement.

It is desirable to fill the concrete mortar in one step in order to provide the necessary strength. After the surface is leveled and the rule makes a slope of 5-10 ⁰ . After primary hardening for two hours, the stage is covered with a film for 2 days. This is necessary to maintain moisture, which increases the strength of the layer. The coating can also be asphalt.

Concrete paving can be laid out from the finished slabs. It has characteristics similar to that of a jellied one. It is now widely used laying pavers or paving slabs. For this, rubble is poured onto a clay waterproof layer, then - sand, and a hard coating is brushed onto it.

Waterproofing and drainage

Drainage is done to drain the water along the outer edge of the blind. Here you can pave a groove from the stone. Underneath is waterproofing. You can simply saw along and lay an asbestos cement or plastic pipe. It is performed with a slope to the drainage well.

You can use ready-made channels or drainage trays with grills on top.

The budget solution is the use of closed drainage. To do this, the geotextile is laid in the drain, which is filled with crushed stone, and then wrapped on top with the same cloth and covered with sand. Waterproofing under the blind and drainage is done as one unit, so that the water does not go into the ground.

Features of waterproofing blind area

1. Waterproofing is chosen taking into account climatic conditions, ground conditions, groundwater availability and house location peculiarities.
2. Waterproofing blind area around the house can be made at different levels. In many cases, a concrete screed is sufficient. But sometimes one more stage of protection of the house is required with the use of roll waterproofing. It is imposed with an allowance on the foundation height of 15-20 cm.
3. Quality protection of the house is ensured if the foundation is covered with bituminous mastic, and then roll insulation on it. If it is made in several layers, each of them is glued to the walls with mastic.
4. Blinds are made on the basis of waterproofing cements. They can be planted independently, adding additives.

Penetrating insulation of the foundation

Waterproofing of the foundation and blind area is done in a complex. The modern method is the treatment of concrete surfaces with penetrating compounds containing portland cement with fillers and active chemical additives. To do this, open the pores of the concrete with the removal of weak fragments. The surface should be moistened before processing, but not excessively, otherwise the material will blur (not more than 5 liters of water per square meter). When diluting the material, all instructions must be followed. It is important that the impregnation is consistent with the type of surface. It is applied evenly. Thin layers will not properly perform their functions, and thick ones will crack. The filling of the holes here is inefficient, since the means is intended to improve the waterproofing properties of the concrete itself. The protective compound fills the pores without passing moisture.

Conclusion

Any person who does not possess the professional skills of a builder can make a blind area. However, it must be done correctly to reliably protect the foundation from rain. Especially important is the waterproofing of the blind area.