Vygotsky Lev Semenovich - the famous Soviet psychologist

On the fifth of November, one thousand eight hundred and ninety-sixth year in Byelorussia, in the city of Orsha, Lev Semyonovich Vygotsky was born. The future famous Soviet psychologist was born into a family of employees.

Vygotsky Lev Semenovich: biography

His father, teacher S. Ashpitz, was engaged in the formation of Leo, who is known for his method of Socratic dialogue. In the year 1917, Lev Semenovich graduated from the Faculty of Law of the University (Moscow) and simultaneously the Faculty of History and Philosophy of the University. Shinyavsky. After that he worked as a teacher in Gomel. At the Moscow University Vygotsky Lev Semenovich begins to work in 1924. Later (1929) he organized the Experimental Defectology Institute, which he headed. In EDI there was a school-commune for children with deviations in behavior. In 1925, Lev Semenovich defended his thesis. Her theme is "Psychology of Art". In it he proved that art is a means of transforming a person. This work was published after the author's death. In the summer of the same year, the only time in his life, he went abroad as an employee of the People's Commissariat for Education, to a conference on the education of deaf-mute children, to London.

In 1933 Vygotsky together with I. I. Danyushevsky engaged in the study of children with speech disorders. Later he lectured at the institutes and universities of Kharkov, Leningrad and Moscow.

Professor of Psychology

At a time when Soviet psychology was experiencing perestroika on the basis of Marxism (Vygotsky, Lev Semenovich took an active part in it), his formation as a scientist is taking place. He critically analyzed philosophical and psychological concepts. According to Vygotsky, two types of behavior should be distinguished - cultural as a result of the development of society, and natural (as a result of rapid biological evolution), which are fused together.

Activity of Lev Semenovich in recent years

The study of the structure of consciousness became the main activity of the scientist in the last years of his life. In 1934, Vygotsky Lev Semenovich wrote the work "Thinking and Speech," which became the basis of Soviet psycholinguistics. Lev Semenovich is often called Mozart of psychology. He had no special education. And, maybe, that's why I could look at the problems of psychology differently .

The influence of Vygotsky

On June 11, 1933, at the age of thirty-seven, Lev Semenovich died in Moscow of tuberculosis. In the 1930s, the re-evaluation of views on culture and science began in the Soviet Union. As a result, the works of the great psychologists were forgotten, and only in the 1950s his works began to be published again.

Vygotsky Lev Semenovich and his cultural and historical theory became the foundation of the largest Soviet school of psychology. His followers became P. Ya. Galperin, LI Bozhovich, PI Zinchenko, and others. By the seventies, Vygotsky's theory was of interest to American psychologists. His main works were translated and became the basis of educational psychology of the United States.