Visloobryuhaya Vietnamese pig: all about the breed. How to support and breed the lop-eared Vietnamese guinea pigs?

Recently, the vislobryukha Vietnamese pig has ceased to be just an exotic animal. Entrepreneurs engaged in farming, increasingly began to stop their choice on the breeding of these cute little animals.

History of the breed

The Vietnamese vislobryuhaya pig was brought from Vietnam to Canada and the Eastern part of Europe back in 1985. Gradually, the fashion for breeding these animals spread to many countries: America, France, Hungary, Poland and others. The most active breeding work is currently being done in Hungary and Canada. In these countries, experts are trying to make the breed even more attractive for breeding, increasing the size of the animal and the percentage of its muscle mass. In Russia, this breed has spread relatively recently, livestock farmers are just beginning to master the breeding of these good-natured guinea pigs.

Features of the breed

Pigs of the Vietnamese breed are distinguished by specific features that need to be considered when breeding them. Many of them are the advantages, causing such a rapid spread of the fashion for the maintenance of pigs.

One of the main characteristics of the breed is the rapid maturation of animals. Already at 4 months, female individuals become sexually mature, and the hogs are ready for breeding at 6 months. And care for newborn piglets is pretty simple, since the sow does not interfere with it and behaves quite friendly. She herself takes care of the offspring, possessing a developed maternal instinct.

Another feature of these guinea pigs is good immunity, they are excellent for tolerating both a hot climate and cold winters. These animals are afraid only of drafts, which are especially harmful to small pigs.

Appearance

Its name is vislobryuhaya Vietnamese pig received because of a large drooping belly, which is especially striking because of the short legs.

Pigs can be white or black. There are individuals of marble color, combining both these shades. Because of the short legs, the pig's stomach practically touches the ground. Their back is slightly concave, on the head are small ears. Stigmas are reminiscent of the large number of folds of the accordion. Outwardly, the piglet of these pigs is somewhat similar to the muzzle of a pug because of the large number of bends.

Pigs are able to grow and gain weight for the first five years, although gradually this process is becoming slower. Weight of Vietnamese pigs, reached the year, about 80 kg. The livestock market is most often represented by individuals weighing about 100 kg.

Advantages of breeding

The Vietnamese vislobryuhaya has gained popularity with the following advantages:

1. Low feeding costs.

2. Compact size, allowing to keep several individuals in one not too large machine.

3. Immunity resistant to diseases and temperature drops.

4. The possibility of virtually year-round (depending on the place of breeding) free-range, as the mumps well tolerate low temperatures during the winter.

5. Animals are very clean, free from the specific smell inherent in almost all pigs of other breeds.

6. They have tender meat with a low fat content and a lack of veins. Low cholesterol in the product makes it possible to eat it for people with vascular diseases.

7. Early maturity makes it possible to get the first offspring of a mumps that has only reached 7-9 months. In this case, animals that live for about 30 years, are capable of farrowing throughout life. In addition, Vietnamese pigs are incredibly prolific, they bring in at a time from 12 to 20 pigs.

8. Calm and good-natured. Allow the host to the piglets, do not break the cages, they have the ability to train.

Features of choice

All the advantages of this breed will be real only in the selection of healthy individuals, which can later bring offspring. Occasionally Vietnamese vislobryukha pig, the responses about which are not very good. As a rule, such animals weigh about 40-60 kg by the year, and the owner of the farm can not get the progeny even from the female for 10 months. This result is due most often to the wrong choice of piglets. To buy an animal that is suitable for breeding, you need to pay attention to the following points:

1. Do not buy pigs that have emerged from the same litter.

2. If the breeder has several sows on the farm and one boar, then it is better not to buy piglets at this place. Such animals will necessarily be relatives, from which it is impossible to get a healthy offspring.

3. We need to know the weight with which the pig was born. It is better, if the seller will tell and dynamics of growth of an animal with intervals in 10 days from the moment of occurrence on light.

4. In order to ascertain the compliance of the age specified by the seller and the actual value of the pig, you can ask to show the sow that gave birth to the animal. If the piglet is only a month old, then the pig should have dangling dairy lobes, it should look thinner. Otherwise, the pig is older than the seller says, or the sow is in front of the buyer.

5. Determine a healthy animal can be in appearance. Pigs should be well developed musculature. The legs of healthy individuals are strong, widely spaced. An external sign of belonging to the breed is a peculiar stigma, which has numerous bends of the nasal bones.

If the pig has a long head, a spindle-shaped body and legs in the shape of the letter "X", then such an individual is sick. In addition, these signs may indicate a degeneration that occurred as a result of the appearance of a pig from a parent-relative.

A healthy pig is characterized by a knotted, dense physique, smooth hair, glossy eyes. This animal is active, has a good appetite. On the excellent mood of the piglet is a swinging of a thin tail from side to side.

Color does not matter. Predominantly it is black, but even in one litter there can be piglets of both white color and mixed.

6. If the litter has more than 12 piglets, then such animals may be weak. The choice must be taken very carefully.

7. Having decided with a pig, you need to ask about the feed that the previous owner used. The transition to another food should not be sharp, otherwise the animal can get sick.

Place of content

The content of Vietnamese pigs does not require special hassle. Due to their relatively compact size, animals do not require a very large pigsty. It is best to make it out of bricks, and make the floor concrete. That in the cold season the pigs do not freeze on the stone floor, about 2/3 of the pigsty should be covered with a wooden scaffold. This area will be a peculiar sleeping place for animals. The rest of the space will serve as a place for feeding and toilet. Visloobryuhaya Vietnamese pig - an animal cleanliness, so you do not have to worry that the manure will be scattered throughout the pigsty. In addition, little animals do not dig the floor, which also simplifies the life of their owner.

In one machine, measuring about 4.5 m2, two adult pigs can be placed, one sows with piglets or boars. When planning the internal device of a pigsty between the machines, it is necessary to leave a passage sufficient for the passage of the trolley, by means of which it will be possible to remove manure. The ventilation system must be well-organized in the room. The lack of fresh air and blocking the pigsty will adversely affect the health of animals.

Despite the fact that the breeding of Vietnamese swallow-pigs is possible and at low temperatures, which they tolerate, for winter it is still necessary to worry about heating the pigsty. For a sow and newborn piglets, the cold can be disastrous. To the offspring was healthy, it grew well and recovered, it needs a temperature of at least 20 degrees Celsius. The heating of the room can be carried out by means of gas convectors, a Russian stove, and other heating methods.

Paddock

Daily stay outdoors in warm weather provides the pigs with strong immunity and a good mood. Less are sick and weight gain is regularly added by Vietnamese pigs. Content exclusively in captivity will lead to the breeding of weak and sick animals.

On the site under the paddock, if there are not growing trees, you need to dig into the ground a few logs. Pigs love to rub against them. Do not interfere with the site and light canopy, protecting animals from the rain and scorching sun.

A great pleasure will deliver to the pigs of this breed, who love swimming in the mud, a kind of pool. Its role can be played by a small depression in the land of 2 by 2 meters in size. The pit should be filled periodically with fresh water. In such a pool, pigs can get rid of pesky insects, and also cool in hot summer weather.

Feed selection

The right diet is a pledge not only for the growth of a healthy animal and a good increase in weight, but also for obtaining low-fat, high-quality meat, which is distinguished by Vietnamese pigs. The feeding of animals depends on the particular structure of their digestive system. A small stomach and small intestine diameter, rapid movement of food along the digestive tract make unwanted the use of coarse grains. Standard treat ordinary pigs, such as fodder beet, straw, for the Vietnamese breed will not bring any benefit. Good digestion in the gastrointestinal tract of these pigs is the young hay of the legume family of legumes - alfalfa, clover.

A good option is mixed feed, prepared in the form of thick dense porridge. Such food is delayed in the mouth for a long time, Vietnamese pigs thoroughly chew it. Feeding the food of this consistency helps to allocate a large amount of saliva, under the influence of which the starch passes into sugar. This simplifies the process of digestion.

To make the food as good as possible, preference should be given to the ground grain. Whole-grain feeds mostly pass through the digestive tract of the pig in unchanged form, not digested.

The basis of mixed fodder is barley and wheat. Add to it also oats, peas and corn. The latter should not be more than 10%, since this cereal causes obesity in pigs. If you add too much corn to feed, you will not be able to get tender bacon meat.

Vitamin supplements have a good effect on the health of pigs. Piglets can be given fish oil, sows, milk, vitamins are added to sows with mixed fodder. In its raw form, so as not to destroy vitamins, you can give animals zucchini, carrots, pumpkin. If vegetables are still cooked, they should be cooked just before feeding.

The stump of Vietnamese pigs

The main condition for the appearance of healthy offspring is the absence of family ties between the sow and boar. Otherwise, there may be piglets with deformities, weak and sick. In the future, such animals are very poor in weight, often they can not have their own offspring.

Visloobryuhaya Vietnamese pig reaches puberty by the age of 4 months, boar - a little later. Determine that you can start to knit, you can by the state of the pig. She becomes restless, the sexual loop swells. When pressing on the croup the animal freezes in one place. If all these signs are visible, the pig can be populated for one day to the boar. The first pile of Vietnamese pigs is about 5 piglets, then up to 20 animals are born, most often about 12.

Pregnancy of the pig lasts from 114 to 118 days. A few days before the birth the animal begins to worry, to equip the nest, carefully primed hay. If the nipples appeared colostrum, the appearance of piglets will occur within a day. To farrow you need to prepare carefully. In the machine you need to clean well, leaving only hay and a bowl of clean water. Separately, you need to arrange an angle for newborn piglets. This place should be warm, in the first hours of life the temperature will be about 30 degrees.

If necessary, the respiratory tract of the piglets is cleaned of mucus, then put in a prepared place for drying. It is important to ensure that in the first hour of his life each pig receives the necessary amount of colostrum. It contains a large number of nutritional elements, which are very scarce for the newborn offspring.

Pigs first eat exclusively milk, which meets their needs in almost all nutrients. An exception is iron. To prevent anemia in the offspring, the piglets can make injections of special preparations.

On average, the piglet reaches 1 kg in weight by 10 days, and by 1.5 to 2 kg by 20 days. By the month of a pig with a body weight at birth 400-450 g should weigh not less than 2.5-3 kg.

For a good increase in weight, the piglets of the week-old age can begin to introduce complementary foods. It can be chalk, charcoal, other substances containing calcium, phosphorus. 10 days after birth, the animals are given clean water. Two-week-old pigs can begin to feed thick porridge. A month after delivery, the amount of milk in the sow is reduced, by this time the kids must learn how to chew their food by themselves. In the same period, it is necessary to begin a gradual weaning of piglets from the mother.

The result of breeding

Breeding pigs of this breed is a promising investment of funds. Vietnamese pigs, whose price is about 8000 rubles, is very unpretentious, does not require expensive forages and special care. Determining the cost-effective breeding is the right choice of piglets, the cost of which is about 3000 rubles.

The meat of the pigs of this breed is very tender and tasty. The market has appeared recently, but has already earned the confidence of consumers. Especially good taste qualities are the meat of small individuals weighing up to 40 kg, although carcasses weighing about 100 kg fall into the market.

The meat of Vietnamese pig globules contains little cholesterol, preserves most of the nutrients in any heat treatment method.

In order for animals to grow well, gain weight and bring healthy offspring, one should adhere to recommendations on the content and feeding of animals. Then the breeding of pigs of this breed will become a really profitable business.