Ventilated facade - what is it? Facade mounting

The technology of installing ventilated facades was adopted in Russia at the end of the last century. The first users appreciated the operational advantages of the design, its aesthetic appearance and versatility of use. The main advantage of the ventfacade lies in its ability to ensure the removal of condensate in the free space between the lining and the wall. Despite the popularity of this design, the question remains: "Ventilated facade - what is it?" Of course, this is not only a hinged frame and fixed panels on it. The assembly involves a whole range of additional fasteners. There are various installation schemes and approaches to the selection of materials for component parts.

Design of ventilated facade

The design of the ventilated facade system is focused on providing reliability, an externally attractive appearance and an optimum moisture regime. All these qualities are achieved due to the outer facing, the base in the form of a frame, and also to the layers of heaters. It turns out reliable, effective in use and undemanding in care "pie", the components of which may vary.

And the lining, and metal for the frame, and the means of thermal insulation are selected from a wide range of materials with the expectation of the requirements of a particular building. Anyway, this set of components allows you to better understand the answer to the question: "Ventilated facade - what is it?" This is a design designed to protect the walls through a high-strength decorative facing and a metal frame. In this case, the configuration of the layout of these layers can be different and depend on the climatic conditions and technical requirements of the project. For example, if it is necessary to increase the resistance of the facade to vapor permeation, technologists reduce the presence of heat transfer elements.

Ventilated facade subsystems

The subsystem in ventfasad design is the foundation that brackets and profiles form. This component provides direct fixation to the building and serves as a basis for the mechanical fastening of decorative panels. The largest load is borne by the profile for ventilated facades, which can be represented by an aluminum alloy, galvanized or stainless steel. For private cottages, as a rule, an aluminum subsystem is used. It is inexpensive and convenient in installation material with optimal strength characteristics for small houses. At a price, galvanized steel is also beneficial, but its durability leaves much to be desired. Under the influence of corrosion, such profiles become unusable after 6-7 years, requiring replacement. Aluminum and stainless steel in this sense is more profitable.

Not the last place in the frame is occupied by fasteners, including rivets, anchor dowels and various clamps. Hardware in this case can not be considered as universal methods of fastening, since each subsystem requires analysis for compatibility of component parts - including calculation of a combination of profile-fasteners. In addition, the subsystem of ventilated facades is responsible for the formation of an air gap between the facing panels and the layer of the heat insulator. Clearance is a prerequisite in the installation of ventilations, ignoring which you can get a finish with characteristics that run counter to the project.

Knots of ventilated facade

For each system, the appropriate architectural and constructive node points are developed. They also assume the use of fasteners, the technical performance of which may vary. Due to the presence of such elements, the high strength of the subsystem is achieved. At the same time, the choice of the technology for its execution depends on the method of installation, on which a concrete ventilated facade is realized. Nodes for standard designs can be of the following types:

• The unit is fastened to the bearing base. It is carried out with the help of a bracket fixing the profiles to the wall of the building.
• Node fixing the profiles to the brackets.
• The unit for fastening the slopes of the ventilated facade - this system can be represented in the form of a frame of door and window apertures at home.
• Nodes fixation for the corners of the building. Such fastening of ventilated facades involves the use of special corner hardware and racks.
• Basement nodes - are located in the lower and upper parts of the walls.

Material for cladding

From the point of view of decorative properties, this is the main part of the facade, which represents the shell of the house. Fastening of facing elements to profiles is carried out so that between the panels and the layer of insulation there is an air niche. Again, we can return to the question of whether a ventilated facade - what is it? Of course, in the eyes of ordinary users of the building, this is just an outward appearance. Designers and installers are thinking about the technical device and fixing systems, and the aesthetic advantages of the facing material are evaluated first of all. With this function, metal panels, stone slabs, siding and even glass with wood cope.

The most popular still won porcelain with composite materials. The mechanical strength of ceramic granite has determined its organic place in the systems of ventilating facades. It protects the surface of the building from atmospheric influences and itself is wear-resistant, and the variety of textures makes it an optimal solution for such tasks. A serious competition for ceramic granite is composed of composite fiber-cement panels, which are based on lightweight concrete and synthetic fiber. In addition to high strength, ventilated composite facades based on fiber cement provide decorative effect. With their help imitate rocky and stone surfaces, and also recreate the texture of traditional cladding - for example, tile, brick, plaster and other coatings.

Wooden ventilated facades

In such a responsible enterprise as the installation of a ventilated facade, it is justified to use metal structures. However, ultra-high strength does not always become the main requirement for the exterior design of the house. So, the cost of construction, ease of its execution and environmental properties can come to the fore. For example, for skeleton-panel buildings, engineers are increasingly recommending the use of a wooden ventilated facade. What is it from the point of view of economy? The answer is understandable (reducing costs on profiles and brackets), but there are still conflicting judgments about strength. The basis of the construction is a bar, which, undoubtedly, is inferior in many respects to the same aluminum. Nevertheless, the wooden crate is subjected to special treatment before use, which brings it closer to the optimum characteristics required for ventilated facades.

Installation of ventilated facade

The work begins with the marking of the fixing points of the brackets on the wall surface. Next is the direct installation of carrier fasteners for the subsystem: the creation of holes, the introduction of anchor dowels and fixing the brackets. After that, they start installing a windproof waterproofing film and a heater. Insulating panels are hung on the surface through the slots for brackets. Thermal insulation boards are installed in combination with the film by means of dowels. At the next stage, the installation of facades involves the installation of guides. To do this, the profiles are installed in the grooves of the brackets and finally fixed with rivets. The work is completed by installing the facing plates to the guide profiles - this is done with clamps or self-tapping screws.

Ventilation and solar energy

The way the panels are arranged is beneficial for processing solar energy. This innovative solution is implemented with the help of photovoltaic batteries. Already today there are many projects for private use, which provide for a "sunny" facing. Despite the apparent complexity of such technologies, the installation of facades with photovoltaic cells is quite simple. The only difference from traditional technology is the integration of solar cells, including a photovoltaic system. According to the developers of such models, the facades can produce up to 200% of the energy required to house the house.

Price issue

The cost of the structure is affected by many factors, but the main ones are the material for the subsystem and the cladding, with which the ventilated facades are made out. The price of systems based on aluminum is 500-600 rubles. For 1 m ² . The very porcelain for the facade can cost 300-400 rubles. More affordable at a design cost of galvanized subsystems - paying 1 m ² rarely exceeds 200 rubles. But it is important to take into account that the cost is lowered quite justified, since a less durable and durable zinc-plated steel frame in the future may require reconstruction or full renovation of the facade.

Conclusion

Among the technologies for the design of facades, ventilated structures are rightfully taking the lead. In many ways, this is facilitated by a set of materials from which such systems are mounted. High-strength fasteners, aluminum and stainless steel, reliable and aesthetical porcelain stoneware are just some of the advantages that ventilated facades have. The price of high-quality construction is 500 rubles. For 1 m ² , of course, does not go into a plus, but it is almost impossible to get a facade similar in characteristics with less cost. Ventfasady far away from competitors not only in terms of strength and decorativeness, but also in terms of ease of maintenance, which reduces the cost of operation.