For the last several decades, mankind has produced domestic waste on a huge scale. In a modern city, about 300 kg of garbage per person accumulate over a year, so recycling is one of the most pressing issues of today.
Removal and disposal of domestic waste is a very specific type of activity that requires the use of special technology. In the process of processing, it is necessary not only to monitor the implementation of numerous rules and regulations, but also to use machinery and equipment. Very often industrial waste contains substances harmful to humans - heavy metals, dioxides, fluoride compounds. All of them are very dangerous for human health. Harmful substances with rainwater enter the soil, sulfur dioxide and methane are released into the air in large quantities. From garbage in landfills there is a danger of spontaneous combustion. In addition, illegal landfills are a breeding ground for insects and rodents.
A modern approach to this problem is the utilization of household waste and the possibility of their further use. Spending time, energy and money to destroy waste is wasteful. However, modern technologies allow not only to safely process waste, but also to benefit from it. Utilization of domestic waste requires a certain type of processing, as a result of which it will be possible to reuse them.
Waste paper, scrap metal and glass can be used directly for a second time. Construction waste that does not change its properties can be buried in the ground. Solid waste is mainly used to produce fuel. The quality of fuel obtained after recycling waste is equivalent to brown coal and peat. Scientists believe that the energy received by converting waste into energy and fuel can cover one-third of the needs of the world's economies. Another type of use of solid waste is their grinding and transformation into building materials. For example, crushed and compressed plastics are mixed with asphalt and petroleum resins and used for road construction. Also, crushed plastic goes to the production of films, roofing materials and toys.
Utilization of household waste that needs to undergo intermediate treatment is alkalis, acids, waste oil. Some of the sludge is dehydrated and dried. Some combustible products, such as used oils and plastics, are burnt. At modern waste-processing plants, recycling of domestic and industrial waste is established, special technologies allow to sort, crush garbage and identify fractions that are dangerous for the environment and human health. On a global scale, uncontrolled accumulation of household and industrial waste causes a threat of changing the balance of oxygen and carbon dioxide in nature, reducing the amount of clean drinking water. They entail pollution of soils and degradation of water bodies, climate change. The most important task of the world economy is that the utilization of household waste is transferred from a number of dangerous to a number of safe technologies.