Transmission device. Different options

The mechanical transmission is the most common device that changes the engine torque. It was called so because the gears are shifted mechanically. In this article, we'll talk about the gearbox arrangement. All basic information is given below.

Manual gearbox refers to the boxes of a step type, since the torque in it varies in stages (by gears). A transmission (or step) is one pair of gears interacting with each other. Each stage must provide rotation with the required angular velocity. Each of them has a certain gear ratio.

The number of gears is the ratio of the number of gear teeth driven to the number of teeth leading. Different MCPs have their own gear ratios. In this case, the highest stage has a minimum gear ratio, and the lowest one - the maximum. Depending on the number of gears, the following MCPs are distinguished: four-stage, five-stage, six-speed, etc. Now almost all cars have a five-stage MCP. All MCPs are divided into two types: three-shaft and two-shaft. Trivalent, as a rule, installed on cars with rear-wheel drive, and two-shaft - on cars with a front.

Transmission arrangement three-shaft

The trenchant MCP consists of the following parts:
- Primary shaft (it is also called the master) - provides a good connection with the clutch: it has the splines that are needed for the slave drive.
- Pinion of the input shaft.
- The intermediate shaft - is parallel to the master, on it there is a block of gears, which are in very strong meshing.
- A block of gears.
- Secondary shaft (in other words it is called driven) - is located on the same axis with the drive shaft, it becomes possible due to the bearing on the primary shaft. In this case, the gear unit has no fastening with the shaft. For this reason, it rotates freely. But the blocks of gear shafts of the driven and intermediate shaft, as well as one gear of the drive shaft are permanently fixed.
- Synchronizers - located between the gears. In other words, they are called synchromesh couplers. Their job is to equalize the speeds of the gears of the driven shaft with the speed of the shaft itself. This leveling becomes possible due to frictional forces during operation. Synchronizers are rigidly fixed to the driven shaft and move along it due to splined connection in the longitudinal direction. The modern gearbox design assumes the installation of synchronizers on all gears.
- The gearshift mechanism is located on the body. Consists of sliders with forks and a control lever. Equipped with a special locking device, which prevents the inclusion of two stages simultaneously. Also, the mechanism can be equipped with remote control.
- The body (or crankcase) of the box - is needed to accommodate mechanisms and parts, as well as for storing oil. Made of alloy - aluminum or magnesium.

Gearbox arrangement, two-shaft

It consists of the following parts: the primary shaft and the corresponding gear unit, the driven shaft and the corresponding gear unit, synchronizers, differential, main gear, crankcase and shift gear.