"To each according to their needs, from each according to their ability" is the basic slogan of communism

Scientific communism in the USSR was the subject of compulsory education for all students of higher educational institutions. Teachers specializing in the communication of his postulates to the minds of the younger generation considered him to be the main discipline, without knowledge of which any young specialist was considered to be unenlightened and not sufficiently educated. In addition, every graduate schoolchild was obliged to learn the articles of the Constitution of the USSR, which set out the basic principles of communism, the cherished goal of the entire Soviet society. But it still had to be reached, but for now people lived in conditions of developed socialism.

Role of money

Money under socialism has not been canceled, they have all sought to earn. It was assumed that who has more of them, he works better, and consequently, and the benefits are relying. The highest stages of the development of social relations were proclaimed socialism and communism. The differences between these formations, however, were very serious. Understanding them in society ranged from primitive (there will be no money, take whatever you want in the store) to highly scientific (the creation of a new person, the superstructure-basis, the material and technical base, etc.). The task of propagandists was complicated - it was required to find some kind of a golden mean, since the broad masses did not in the majority own the "science of all sciences," namely, they were the main object of propaganda. The most simple principle of modern life was established in the "Stalin" Constitution. There it was clearly said that everyone should work in the best of his abilities, and he will be rewarded according to the work invested in the common cause. The postulate of Soviet life was formulated in about the same way in the main law of 1977.

Sources

Even the most devoted supporters of Marxism were forced to admit that communist ideas did not arise in the brilliant head of the author of the most progressive theory, but were the result of the synthesis of "three components" taken from "three sources", as V.I Lenin. One of the life-giving keys of science was utopian socialism, the founder of which was the French sociologist and philosopher Saint-Simon. It is to him that we owe the wide popularity of the expression that became the motto of the socialist world order: "To each according to his work, from each according to his ability." Previously, Saint-Simon also wrote the same Louis Blanc in an article on the organization of labor (1840). And even earlier the fair distribution of the product was preached by Morelli ("The Code of Nature ...", 1755). Karl Marx cited Saint-Simon in the Critique of the Gotha Program in 1875.

The New Testament and the principle of "each according to need, from each according to ability"

If we study the progress of human thought regarding the proportionality of the labor contribution to the benefits received, then one can be convinced that the paraphrased motto of Marxists is even in the New Testament, in which it is proclaimed that everyone should receive what he needs. In practice this is the same as "each according to need, from each according to ability." The only difference is in the wording. Thus, the slogan of communist society formulates New Testament Christian love at the expense of social justice.

What to do with the property?

The fundamental difference between socialism and capitalism is the social ownership of the means of production inherent in this system . Any private enterprise is considered in this case the exploitation of man by man and punished according to the law in criminal procedure. What is social belongs to the state under socialism. And idealist-minded utopians like Thomas More and Henri de Saint-Simon, as well as the chronologically closer to us, Marx and Engels believed that any possession in an ideal human society is unacceptable. In addition, the state under communism is doomed to die by its uselessness. Thus, private, personal, state, and public property must completely lose their meaning. It remains only to reflect on what structure will be involved in the distribution of material wealth.

The Triune Problem as a Mirror of the Revolution

Marxism-Leninism pointed to the fact that for a successful transition to a higher social formation it is necessary to solve a three-pronged task. In order that there should be no disputes in the division of the social product, absolute abundance is required, in which there will be a lot of benefits, that there will be enough of them for everyone, and still will remain. Next, not everyone understands the point about the formation of special social relations, inherent only to communism. And no more clear the third component of the triune task is to create a new man who does not need all the passions, he does not need luxury, he is content with sufficient, only he thinks that about the benefits of society. As soon as all three parts converge, at the same moment the trait separating socialism and communism will be traversed. Differences in the approach of solving the triune problem were observed in different countries, from Soviet Russia to Kampuchea. None of the bold experiments failed.

Theory and practice

Communism Soviet people have been waiting since the beginning of the sixties. According to the promise of the First Secretary of the Central Committee of the CPSU, NS Khrushchev, by the eightieth year in general conditions will be created in which society will heal according to the principle "to each according to need, from each according to ability." This did not happen immediately for three reasons, corresponding to all three principles of the triune task. If in the eightieth year of the twentieth century in the USSR they began to divide the social product, then the conflict would not end without conflict. This was confirmed somewhat later, during mass privatization in the nineties. With the relationship, too, somehow did not work out, and only about the new man ... It turned out very tightly. Hunger-stricken citizens of the former great country were at the mercy of the opposite ideology, preaching greed. It was possible to realize the desire for enrichment by no means all.

Eventually

The communist society entered the history of mankind as one of the grandiose unrealized projects. The scale of the attempt at a radical transformation of all the previously established principles of social organization in Soviet Russia was unprecedented. Age-old structures were broken by the new authorities, and in their place was erected a system that was alien to human nature, which in general preached universal equality, in fact immediately divided the population into "higher" and "lower". In the first years after the revolution, the inhabitants of the Kremlin began to seriously think about which of the cars of the royal garage is more appropriate for the rank held by a party member. Such a situation could not but lead to the collapse of the socialist system in a historically short time.

Most successfully, the principle "to each according to need, from each according to ability" is observed in kibbutzim, public facilities created in the territory of the State of Israel. Anyone from the inhabitants of such a settlement may ask to give him an object of everyday life, justifying it with the arisen need. The decision is made by the chairman. The request is not always fulfilled.