The state borderline. Clinic of borderline states

There is a large area of human states that can not yet be attributed to mental disorders, but they are no longer health. Such a condition is borderline, and many phobias peculiar to a person, neuroses, syndromes of experiencing extreme or inadequate situations, as well as chronic fatigue syndrome are determined by him. Often, borderline states are the basis for the subsequent development of a somatic or neurosomatic disease.

They are distributed almost 10 times more than obvious mental deviations. And in this article we will try to understand them in more detail.

What causes borderline personality

Out of every 100 people, the two are borderline. But what exactly is its immediate cause, the researchers are still at a loss to say. It can be attributed to the imbalance of the balance of neurotransmitters, which helps to regulate our mood, and to a hereditary predisposition to mental illness.

People who find themselves in this state, according to the observations of researchers, often belong to the group of those who survived physical or emotional violence, early loss of parents or separation from them in childhood. If these injuries are combined with personality traits, expressed by severe stress response or high anxiety, the risk of borderline disorder is greatly increased.

Borderline mental states often develop against a background of depressive disorders, as well as the abuse of alcohol and drugs.

By the way, the well-known fact that this ailment is often accompanied by a violation of the functioning of certain areas of the brain has not yet shed light on whether this problem is the cause of the border state or its consequence.

Specific features of the boundary condition

The borderline state, from the point of view of psychoanalysis, differs from psychosis by the patient's ability to realize reality, relying on common sense and drawing a boundary between subjective and objective impressions.

Although the key feature of the border state is still the instability caused by the constant fear of being thrown by others, even if this threat does not really correspond to reality. This, by the way, can sometimes force a person to reject others first, which can not but lead to an increase in problems in the relationship.

• In people in this state, attacks of anxiety and depression can occur frequently and usually without clear reasons for this.
• Such a person has a very unstable concept of the importance of his own personality - from complete self-abasement to exaltation of one's own merits.
• Inter-personal relations among these people are also unstable: they can switch quite quickly from idealizing the personal qualities of a friend to contempt for him (and without any apparent reason).

Border condition: symptoms

In addition, people in the borderline state have at least a few more of the following disorders.

So, they can act under the influence of a momentary impulse, for example, extravagantly spend money, have a lot of sexual partners, hard to overeat or drive a car with a risk to life.

The clinic of border states is characterized by a sense of prolonged emptiness or tides of hard-to-control anger, which are poured into fights. Very typical for such people and emotionally excessive reactions or repeated suicidal attempts.

In order to be diagnosed with a borderline disorder, these symptoms should be severe enough and long-term, causing problems in communication.

Panic attacks - part of the border state

Panic attacks are also referred to as border states. They arise unpredictably and manifest as attacks of acute anxiety. Patients complain about the increased heart rate, cold sweat and a sense of lack of air. There may be dizziness, premarrowment, tremor, pressure changes.

The condition borderline with a panic occurs, as a rule, against the background of the experienced stress, which means that the brain signals the body of danger. In order to ensure active actions, hormones are released into the bloodstream, which provide muscle tone and rapid heart rate.

Despite the fact that panic attacks cause people great anxiety, they, according to experts, are not dangerous, although they require compulsory treatment so that dependence on this condition does not develop. And this, as a rule, leads to self-restraint and the addition of other fears.

Borderline has signs of various diseases

In addition to all these features, borderline mental states have another important feature - they are on the border between health and disease. That is, they are characterized by nonspecific manifestations of the disease, which enter into the symptomatology of various pathological processes - both mental, and somatic, and neurological. This may be asthenia (a condition of increased fatigue, weakness and exhaustion), and autonomic dysfunction, and obsessive states.

The initial symptoms of neurotic disorders in our medicine are also referred to as borderline states. Typically, this is:

• irritability;
• Emotional instability;
• Periodic headache;
• Sleep disorders.

All these symptoms require careful examination and clarification of the diagnosis.

Center for border states: necessary assistance

People who have this disorder need specialized psychological help, they do not have enough consultations with a psychologist. By the way, it is especially undesirable for such people to engage in psychoanalysis, since the high anxiety to which they are inclined may render "disservice" and spur the development of the borderline state into a mental disorder.

For the treatment of patients on the basis of a multidisciplinary somatic institution, a separation of borderline states is often created, to which people with suspicion of this disorder are placed. As a rule, these are patients who are in a state of psychological crisis with the risk of suicidal attempts or who have committed such attempts. They need temporary exclusion of traumatic situations, as well as in the provision of psychotherapeutic and drug treatment.

What is hidden behind the borderline conditions of newborns

Despite the external similarity of the definition, the borderline conditions of newborns have nothing to do with the ailments listed above. For babies that have just appeared, such are the natural physiological reactions that manifest the adaptation of the organism to existence under new conditions.

In pediatrics, this condition is assessed as transient (transitional), which lasts no more than 3-4 weeks and is physiologically normal. As a rule, it disappears by the end of the specified period, but in the case of insufficient care, violation of the adaptive capabilities of the baby or under adverse conditions in the external environment, these processes can turn into pathological and require treatment.

How does the borderline state manifest in newborns?

Border states of newborns manifest themselves in the physiological loss of their body mass in the first days after birth. It can decrease by 10% of the initial weight. These same phenomena include changes in the skin condition in a child, which are expressed in its redness after wiping off the original grease.

One-third of newborns demonstrate the occurrence of toxic erythema, in which blisters with serous fluid appear on the baby's skin, located in the region of the joints, on the glutes or on the chest.

The impact of estrogen hormones leads to a hormonal crisis, and intestinal surgery and departure of the original feces are accompanied by a dysbacteriosis that occurs at the end of the first week of life.

A few words at a time

The concept of boundary states, as you can see, can mean completely different manifestations: from the transient physiological reactions of the organism to new conditions of existence in newborns to a complex psychological state, balancing between health and illness.

But there is a common feature here - the precariousness, fragility of this process. He can become pathological at any moment. So, you can not treat lightly with him!