The population of the Orenburg region: number and ethnic composition

The population of the Orenburg region at the moment is 1 million 989 thousand 589 people. Such data for 2017 results Rosstat. As in Russia as a whole, the number of urban residents is more than rural. In cities, 60% of Orenburgers live. At the same time, the population density is 16 people per square kilometer, according to this indicator the region is on the 49th place in the country between Permsky Krai and Novosibirsk region.

Inhabitants of the Orenburg region

The population of the Orenburg region has been steadily declining in recent years. And until the mid-90's it grew. The peak reached in 1996, when the region was inhabited by 2 million 218 thousand 52 people. Since then, every year the population of the Orenburg region is declining. For 20 years, the loss amounted to about 30 thousand people.

In general, statistics on this area in Russia has been maintained since 1897. Then in Orenburg, other cities, towns and villages on the question of how many people in the Orenburg region, statistics specialists gave fairly accurate figures. A total of 1 million 600 thousand 145 people were registered.

Dynamics of the birth rate

The number of births in the Orenburg region per 1 thousand population is 14.6 people. Significant growth in this indicator was observed in the early 2000s. So, if in 1999 there were 9.1 children per thousand inhabitants, then in three years this indicator grew by more than one and a half units.

The constant increase in the birth rate in the region persisted until 2010, when it was 14.1 children per thousand inhabitants. After that successful years alternate with unsuccessful in terms of fertility.

The dynamics of mortality

In general, in recent years, mortality in the Orenburg region is increasing. This, of course, affects the population of the Orenburg region now.

Scrupulous statistics on mortality has been maintained since 1970. At that time, 7.9 people died for one thousand inhabitants. Since then, the number of dying has increased every year. In 2005, this indicator almost doubled and was already 15 and a half dead per thousand inhabitants. In recent years, health care in the region, as well as in the whole country, has been paying close attention. Therefore, it was possible to stabilize the statistics. According to the latest data of the Federal State Statistics Service, 14.2 people die each thousand people in Orenburg each year.

Districts of the Orenburg region

The population of the Orenburg region is distributed in 35 districts. Among them there are also leaders and lagging behind in terms of the number of people living. More intensively than others, municipalities develop, in which there is an industrial production, prospects for development and investment. From the backward regions, people massively leave each year to Orenburg and neighboring regions.

The population of the districts of the Orenburg region has for the most part declined in recent years. The leader is Pervomaisky district with its capital in Pervomaisky settlement. Here live almost 90 thousand people. At the same time, the main economy of the region is the development of agricultural products. Pervomaisky specializes in meat and dairy farming and grain growing. In the district there are 18 large and medium-sized agricultural enterprises, as well as almost one hundred peasant farms. There are also industry in the area. Here the oil industry is developed. About 800 kilometers of gas pipelines are laid along Pervomaisky district.

Among the lagging behind is the Matveyevsky district, located in the north-east of the region. Here live only 11 thousand 209 people. The administrative center is the village of Matveyevka. Only agriculture develops in the region. Enterprises specialize in growing potatoes and sunflower. Three cooperatives (analogues of Soviet collective farms) and several individual entrepreneurs work in the district.

In general, the Orenburg region is a dynamically developing Russian region. Among the oil-producing regions of Russia, it ranks fourth. It accounts for 4.5% of all oil produced in Russia. It is therefore not surprising that the fuel industry is the leading industry. Most of the oil deposits are concentrated in the Pervomaysk district mentioned above, as well as in Sorochinsk and Kurmanaevsky.

Oil, which is rich in the Orenburg region, is a fundamental part of the Volga-Ural reserves of this mineral. The development of oil fields in these places began in the 30s of the 20th century near the town of Buguruslan. Nowadays oil-bearing areas are regularly expanding.

Cities of the Orenburg region

The cities of the Orenburg region are much larger in population than rural areas. Almost 580 thousand people live in the regional center. In total in the Orenburg region 21 city.

Large settlements, in addition to Orenburg, are Orsk (235 thousand inhabitants), Novotroitsk (96 thousand) and Buzuluk (85 thousand).

In Orsk industrial production is developed. There are enterprises on machine building, oil refining, non-ferrous metallurgy, geological exploration, power engineering, construction and food industry.

Novotroitsk's economy is built on companies engaged in the manufacturing industry, metallurgy, processing of waste and scrap of ferrous metals, and the production of food products. Uralskaya Stal OAO is the main city. It is the largest metallurgical combine.

In Buzuluk in the 60 years of the last century, oil fields were actively developed. The enterprises even managed to enter the international market, and Buzuluk was called the oil capital of Orenburg region. However, in the last ten years, practically nothing left of industry. A large furniture factory was closed, machine-building plants went bankrupt, oil production declined in oil and gas production enterprises. Therefore, Buzuluk now remains one of the most depressed cities in the region.

Orenburg

The basic population of the cities of the Orenburg region is concentrated in the regional capital. More than a quarter of all residents of the region are registered here.

The city was founded in 1743 on the site of the Berdskaya fortress. Today the economy is well developed in Orenburg. The industry is based on gas production and gas processing industries, as well as metal processing and machine building. There are enterprises of the chemical industry, light and food industries.

From the unique enterprises it is necessary to allocate JSC Orenshal, which is engaged in the production of famous Orenburg downy shawls, besides it there is also a combine of Orenburg shawls. The company "John Deere Rus" produces agricultural machinery.

Since the beginning of the 21st century, the situation in Orenburg has stabilized after the crisis of the 1990s. ногом связаны с успешным развитием предприятия "Газпром добыча Оренбург". The city's economic success in the field is connected with the successful development of Gazprom dobycha Orenburg.

Active construction of new buildings began Orenburg University, there were modern sports facilities, ethnographic complex "National Village".

Population of the Orenburg region

Most of the inhabitants of the Orenburg region are Russian by nationality. Their number is about 75%. In second place Tatars - in the region almost 7.5% of the inhabitants of this nationality, in the third position Kazakhs - almost 6%.

More than two percent in the region are Ukrainians and Bashkirs. Slightly less than two percent of representatives of Mordovian nationality.

The number of other residents of the region does not exceed 1%. About one and a half percent of residents during the last census refused to indicate their nationality.

Native people of Orenburg region

Initially, the population of the Orenburg region was formed at the expense of the Tatars. Now there are about 150 thousand people in the region. Tatars were native inhabitants of Orenburg region. Now they are compactly residing on the territory of several districts - Abdulino, Buguruslan, Krasnogvardeysky, Matveevsky, Tashlinsky and Sharlyk.

In total, almost 90 Tatar settlements are located on the territory of the region, where the number of residents of this nationality prevails. In these cities and towns the Tatar language is studied at school, 34 Tatar children's preschool institutions are open in the Orenburg region. In Orenburg there are more than 70 mosques.

Orenburg Bashkirs

Bashkirs play an important role in shaping the national composition of the Orenburg region. Most of them live in Orenburg itself - about five and a half thousand people.

In Orenburg, there are many monuments dedicated to the culture and history of the Bashkir people. In the regional capital there is a monument to the Caravanserai. This is a historical and architectural complex, which was built in the middle of the XIX century. The complex was built on voluntary donations. It housed the residence of the commander of the Bashkir army. There were also hotels for Bashkirs who regularly visited Orenburg on official business. The complex itself includes the Bashkir people's house and a mosque. The author of the original project is the architect Alexander Bryullov, who developed the stylization of the main building to the traditional Bashkir aul.

During the Civil War, the Caravanserai was the seat of the government of Bashkortostan. In 1917, at one of the meetings, a decision was made to create a territorial autonomy for Bashkurdistan, which Orenburg province was to include.