The population of Rome. Description, description of the city

One of the most famous tourist centers of the world, the ancient and original city of Europe - Rome. The history of this city, its sights, the peculiarities of the population of Rome - all this is told in the article.

Rome: geographical location

The capital of Italy is located on the hills formed on the Plain of Campagna of Rome, near the Tyrrhenian Sea. It washes Rome from the west, into it runs a river, dividing the city into two parts - the Tiber. The weather in Rome is determined by the Mediterranean subtropical climate. The city is uncharacteristic of sharp changes in temperature, which is due to its location near the sea coast, surrounded by mountains: Sabatini, Sabini, Prenestani, Albani. The summer in Rome is mild, however, the inhabitants of the city suffer from a strong southern wind - sirocco. In winter, the temperature with a minus sign is a rarity, but there is a north wind - tramontane.

Rome: the history of the city

Rome since ancient times is known as the Eternal City. This epithet is explained by the unusual history of the city. Over the centuries, he suffered several times destruction and fall, but he always managed to stand and become even more beautiful.

The legends of Rome connect the appearance of the city with the names of Romulus and Remus, the sons of the god Mars. They founded the city together, but, as the legend says, Romulus removed his brother from power and became the first king of Rome. The date of the founding of the city is 753 BC. Its influence spread to the whole of the Apennine peninsula, then to other European lands. By the 2nd century AD Rome, which became the center of the world superpower - the Roman Empire, began to dominate a vast territory from England to North Africa, including the entire Mediterranean and the southern shores of the Black Sea. By the 4th century, Rome had become the center of the Christian world, but in the economic sphere it was losing its position. In the same century, there is a terrible event in the history of the population of Rome. Vandals, who came from the north-east, captured the city. They destroyed most of the historical monuments, cultural centers, did not consider the Roman population, with its customs. It took several centuries for Rome to recover. The empire was destroyed - the eastern part began to be called Byzantium. But already in the 15th century the Eternal City once again becomes a world cultural center - the center of the Renaissance. In the 18-19 centuries, Rome was subjected to the French conquest. The heads of the Catholic Church were several times taken out of the city, which was considered the center of Catholicism. Only towards the end of the seventies of the 19th century Rome recovered from endless conflicts and became the capital of the Italian kingdom.

Country in Rome?

The state of the Vatican is unique. This country, located on the territory of Rome, is the smallest state officially recognized. The Vatican was formed under Mussolini in 1929 and is a theocratic state in which power is in the hands of religious institutions. There are no such people in the world. Only Athos in Greece, which is a community of 20 Orthodox monasteries, has a similar device. In ancient times, the territory of the present Vatican was considered sacred. And in the 4th century here, above the tomb of St. Peter, the basilica of Constantine was built. Since then, this place has received thousands of pilgrims from all over the world.

The population of Rome

Rome is one of the most densely populated cities in Europe. The population of Rome is about 3 million people. The eternal city, to which all roads lead, is an old one, which is multinational. The ethnic composition of the population of Rome is very diverse. It is inhabited by representatives of Southeast Asia, Arabs, North Americans. All national minorities constitute, in general, about 5% of the total population of the city, the rest recognize themselves as Italians. The main religion is Catholicism. There are representatives of other faiths: Judaism, Islam, Buddhism. The inhabitants of Rome speak Italian, many use Roman dialect - romanesque.

Symbols of Rome

The symbols of cities are traditionally the flag, the coat of arms. Thus, the coat of arms, which is a heraldic shield of scarlet color with a diagonal inscription near the St. George cross, over the shield a crown with five protrusions, is the main symbol of Rome. The combination of colors on the coat of arms - red and gold - speaks of the strength and power of the city. The crown, according to custom, symbolizes power and justice.

The founder of Rome, according to the legends, was a she-wolf. Cast from bronze plot, where the wolf feeds the boys, is another symbol of Rome. The statue has the name "Capitol wolf". The time of creating the monument is unknown, but there are facts that allow to date the statue in the 5th century BC. E. The work is in the Capitol.

Sights of Rome: The Colosseum

"Italy: The City of Rome" is one of the most popular tourist destinations. Fans of history, architecture, archeology, connoisseurs of high culture will appreciate the city and its sights. Many buildings are not only monuments of antiquity, but also witnesses of leisure of ancient Romans. So, aqueducts talk about the population's water supply, and the baths (in other words, baths) confirm the high standard of living in the ancient city.

The amphitheatres of Rome tell us what kind of entertainment the Romans had: gladiators fought here, they blew up animals, chariot races and other similar events. Released to the present, the Colosseum is the largest amphitheater of the ancient period. The capacity of this four-tier building is 50 thousand people. The whole summit of Rome gathered here. To get to the performance in the Colosseum it was possible only by tickets. This monument of architecture is located on the site of the "golden" house of Nero, in a vast hollow between Palatine, Esquilino and Tselievsky hills.

Capitol Hill

The witness of all historical events in Rome was Capitol Hill - Capitol. Here there were temples of ancient Roman gods. This natural object is built up with important cultural monuments. The modern image of the Capitol is the project of Michelangelo. The square, palaces with the same facades, intricate staircases - this is all the idea of an outstanding master. Of the oldest structures preserved part of the insula, whose age is about 2 thousand years. Historical evidence suggests that this multi-storey building was of the same height as the hill itself. The Capitol is rich in monuments, many legends are associated with it. This place is one of the main places on the tourist map.

Rome and tourism

How to get to Rome, know many millions of people who visit the Eternal City every year. The city is connected to main Europe by road. Many people prefer to fly to the city by airplane. In Rome there are two major international airports: Ciampino and Leonardo da Vinci di Fiumicino. The weather in Rome allows tourists from all over the world to visit the city all year round. Especially admire and give the opportunity to enjoy the city's atmosphere of walking on the ancient, central part of Rome. Do not postpone visiting the world-famous museums of the Vatican, the Capitoline Museum, the National Roman Museum, the Borghese Gallery and many other cultural centers. The central streets of the city begin in the heart of the city - in Piazza Venezia. This is the central square near the Capitol. Not far away is the Roman Forum - the center of ancient Roman architecture, the historical and cultural corner of the city. Here, many ancient temples and basilicas have been preserved.