The lesson plan for biology. Developing a biology lesson in accordance with GEF requirements

A very important cycle of subjects within the framework of the school curriculum is natural science. After all, it is he who gives an idea of nature, its phenomena, living beings, their relationship with man. Geography, biology, physics and chemistry is the basis that allows children to enter life, begin to understand the things around them, to orient themselves in them and to manage them.

Biology has always been introduced into the school curriculum from the 6th grade, but according to the requirements of modern educational standards, this discipline is now obligatory to study from the fifth stage of education. Let's consider what are the requirements for the preparation of the lesson now, what role is assigned to the teacher, what the modern lesson plan for biology should look like.

The conduct of biology in the school curriculum

This discipline is the oldest of all known sciences. Since the time of the appearance of man, he immediately was interested in all that surrounds him. How are living organisms arranged? Why do these or those phenomena occur? What is the structure of his own organism? What is the diversity of its surrounding nature?

The lesson of biology answers all these questions. It is this form of training that is fundamental, since it allows you to learn the maximum possible amount of information for students within the given amount of time. At this point in time to study this subject is given seven years - from the fifth to the eleventh class inclusive. Naturally, during this time the child receives the whole complex of natural science knowledge that is included in the subject and object of biology.

The main criterion of the lesson

The most important criterion for the success of the lesson is the variety of forms of work on it, the competent and precise construction of its structure. If these requirements are met, the most effective result is observed. The main goal is to excite the children's interest in the subject and stimulate their desire to learn independently as much as possible.

That is why the modern lesson of biology is the joint activity of the teacher and student, built on the principles of democracy. It is not so important whether students are 5th grade or 11th - the purpose and essence of the lesson from this do not change. Active forms of work, a variety of techniques and the use of new methods - all this should be used by the teacher at any stage of instruction in this subject.

Biology Lessons: Species

In order to more successfully implement the implementation of new standards in building lessons, and also in order to increase the effectiveness of classes, different types of biology lessons should be used. In total, there are 15 main ones:

• conversation;
• Problem lesson;
• Combined lesson;
• excursion;
• lecture;
• seminar;
• role-playing game;
• Offset;
• Cinema;
• Lesson using Internet resources;
• laboratory work;
• Generalizing lesson;
• Offset;
• Control and testing lesson;
• conference.

However, there are other types that some teachers create independently and are successfully implemented. Everything depends on the personality of the teacher and his creativity, the focus on the result, the relationship to the subject.

Obviously, with each level of training, the types of lessons should also become more complicated. So, in the fifth grade it is difficult to conduct a lesson-lecture or conference, seminar. But a role-playing game or a laboratory work, the excursion will cause the children to be in a state of agitation and revival, which will help stimulate the growth of interest in the subject.

For senior managers, on the contrary, it is better to choose more adult and serious forms of conducting classes, which will allow them to prepare for student lectures. However, it is not worth forgetting about easy types, otherwise there is a risk of losing the disposition and interest of the guys to the subject.

Methods used

Methods of biology lessons are sometimes called forms. They are quite diverse and aimed at achieving one or another goal. Consider what they are:

1. The project method implies work not only during the lesson, but also, possibly, the whole academic year. The work can be done both individually and grouply. The main goal is the study of a problem, an object with a concrete result in the end.
2. The frontal method of work implies the management of the whole class and simultaneous communication with all children (for example, when explaining a part of a new topic or revealing some concept).
3. Individual form - tasks are selected taking into account the activity and personal characteristics of each student.
4. Collective work is basically based on a well-coordinated interaction of all the members of the lesson: the teacher - the student - the student. This can be done, for example, during an excursion or laboratory work.
5. The group form implies the separation of students into separate "islands", each of which is engaged in studying a particular problem.
6. The use of ICT (information and communication technologies) is an important part of the lesson technique of any modern teacher.
7. Energy Saving Technologies.

The GEF Biology lesson plan, compiled with a combination of designated methods and work types, will be necessarily successful in implementation.

Modern biology programs

Today there are several authors who are given preference in choosing a biology textbook for the lesson. Among them are the following:

• A.I. Nikishov;
• V.V. Pasechnik;
• I. N. Ponomareva;
• NI Sonin;
• DI Traitak and ND Andreeva;
• LN Sukhorukova and others.

Each of the authors is not just a textbook, but a whole set of benefits to it. It:

• Workbooks for students;
• A diary of observations (not at all);
• Methodical manual for the teacher;
• Working program and pourochnoe planning for a year.

What kind of author to choose, whose line to develop, the teacher chooses together with the direction of the school. It is important that the chosen biology program is relevant throughout all levels of instruction, so that the continuity and integrity of the perception of the material is not violated.

Technological lesson map: compilation

Today, new GEF (federal state educational standards) have been adopted and are being actively implemented. According to them, the lesson plan for biology is a technological map, in which all the main stages and course of the session are painted. How to make it? To do this, you should compose a table, which will reflect the following points:

1. The theme of the lesson.
2. Purpose of the lesson.
3. The planned result, in which one should write the subject skills in one column and the UAL (universal learning activities) - in the other.
4. Basic concepts of this topic.
5. Organization of space, which includes three components (columns): intersubject communications, forms of work, resources.
6. Stages of the lesson, which clearly describes the activities of the teacher, as well as the work of students in three areas: cognitive, communicative, regulatory.

The lesson plan for biology should include the following stages of constructing the lesson:

• Organizational moment, including the designation of the topic and its relevance;
• Goal-setting;
• Primary assimilation and application of knowledge, comprehension;
• Results of the session;
• reflection;
• homework.

It is this construction that is considered complete, reflecting all the activities of the teacher and students, the methods and types of work employed, the results, and the amount of material. The outline of the lesson on biology, compiled in accordance with the requirements of GEF, implies an orientation towards an activity-oriented and person-oriented approach to learning.

Analysis of lesson results

In order to understand how successfully the work on the selected line is being conducted and in accordance with GEF, there is an analysis of the biology lesson. It allows you to identify advantages and disadvantages, weaknesses, strengths. As a result, you can adjust classes and improve their effectiveness, improve the quality of training.

Forms of analysis may be different. For example:

• Introspection;
• Complex analysis;
• Methodical analysis and others.

The choice should be based on the goals with which this event is being conducted.

Modern teacher of biology

Great requirements at all levels of training are made specifically to the teacher. From the perspective of the GEF, the current biology teacher must master the professional competencies. In addition, at a certain level should be his personal qualities.

The psychological portrait of the teacher is also subject to review from the perspective of GEF. Let us consider in more detail which competencies and features are included in the personality of the teacher.

Professional competences

There are 6 main ones:

1. Communicative. Ability to communicate constructively, to find democratic methods of constructing conversations with students and to apply them. Maintain free dialogues with parents, colleagues, management. The ability to communicate is an important link in the successful learning process.
2. Professional. Naturally, the modern teacher should have a high level of knowledge of his subject, have a broad general outlook, carry out meta-subject communications in the classroom.
3. ICT-competence. No open biology lesson today can not do without the use of information technology. And it is right. Our children grow up in an era when for them the norm is the constant availability of a computer in life. The teacher must be able to use this to achieve a good result in teaching.
4. Management, which will make it possible to implement an activity-based approach to learning.
5. General pedagogical. It implies knowledge of the basics of psychology and pedagogy of students.
6. Reflexive - the ability to soberly and competently evaluate their work, do work on the mistakes.

Personal qualities of the teacher

In addition to the designated professional competences, there are requirements for the teacher as a person. It is believed that biology in school should be taught by a person who possesses:

• Sense of humor;
• Emotionality;
• Expressiveness of speech;
• Creative beginning;
• Organizational abilities;
• Discipline;
• Perseverance;
• Purposefulness.

In combination with professional criteria, a portrait of a modern teacher that meets the requirements of GEF is obtained.

Tests: essence and meaning

One of the most important forms of knowledge control, which is used throughout the classroom, is biology tests. And this is quite understandable. First, such a test saves time in class. Virtually every biology lesson plan includes this form of work. Secondly, it makes it possible to cover with questions a larger volume of the material covered. Third, it allows to increase the accumulation of estimates. But the main reason is not this.

The form of the GIA and EGE exams implies the main part in the form of a test. Therefore, it is important to prepare students in advance for such a form of verification. Make it so that to the graduate class they already fluent in the technique of writing such works and considered it ordinary.

Tests on biology, as well as on any other subject, the teacher makes independently or uses already ready forms from methodical grants. In any case, it is desirable to include in questions those that meet in the examination papers. The form of the tests itself should be as close as possible to the design for the final attestation.