The history of Islam and the Prophet Muhammad

Around 570, in Mecca, in the northeastern part of modern Arabia, a boy named Muhammad was born. He was destined to become a prophet of one of the three world religions. It was with him that the history of Islam began.

His family belonged to the family of Quraysh, which in turn was the most powerful clan of the city. Muhammad's parents died very early: Abdullah Abd al-Muttalib died before the birth of his son, and Amin's mother - after he was 6 years old. Therefore, the orphan was brought up by his grandfather, who was the head of the Hashemite family. According to the tradition of that time, a small Muhammad was given to a Bedouin family for a couple of years, which played a significant role in his future. After all, there he acquired such important qualities for a person as patience, endurance, endurance, indulgence and love for people. In addition, he learned eloquence and fell in love with the rich and expressive language so beloved by the Arab Bedouins.

When the prophet Muhammad turned 20 years old, he got a job as a trader to the widow Khadija, where he later married. They had 4 daughters, and two sons died some time after birth. During these years the Prophet traveled the world a lot, and his favorite place was a cave not far from Mecca, where the first of the greatest events of Islam happened. One day, as he sat and meditated in the cave, he heard the voice of the Angel of Gibreel, at the behest of which Muhammad uttered the words, which are at the moment the first five verses of Surah 96 of the Holy Qur'an.

First, Muhammad shared this story only with his wife and close friends, but over time, when new revelations that proclaimed the Oneness of God were revealed to him, the number of his followers began to grow. Among them were both ordinary poor and slaves, as well as the upper class of Mecca. These revelations and became a component of the holy book of all Muslims - the Koran.

But it is worth saying that many did not accept this religion. They were pagans and believed in polytheism. In Islam, on the contrary, the supreme was the belief in one God, which is exceptional and unique. However, this circumstance only strengthened Muhammad's awareness that his religion is unique and very different from paganism.

After several years of preaching, Muhammad and his supporters had numerous enemies who insulted and tortured the followers of Islam. And when in 622 the Prophet became aware of the impending assassination attempt on his life, he decided to go with his associates to Yarsib, which was later renamed Medina. From this event, which is called Hijra, the history of Islam begins.

Medina experienced the rapid development and spread of the religion of Islam, Islam penetrated many of the warring tribes and united them. The supporters of Muhammad became more and more, and after a while left the Code of Laws of Medina, which recognized Muhammad as the prophet of God and formed a single and separate community - the Muslim ummah.

Prophet Muhammad died June 8, 632 after a long illness. His death was a huge loss for Muslims, they took it as a personal tragedy. After all, a commoner from Mecca was not just an excellent friend and a great ruler: he showed the world a great teaching, which millions of people have followed for many centuries in a row.

However, it can not be said that the death of the Prophet stopped or stopped the development of Islam in the world. In the future, the history of Islam knew many Caliphs and Amirs, who fulfilled the main mission of their religion - the message of the Holy Quran to mankind.

The history of Islam in Russia began in the 6th-7th century, when, during the expansion of the Arab caliphate, Islam penetrated the North Caucasus. From there it subsequently spread across the Volga and became the main religion of the Golden Horde, the Astrakhan and Kazan khanates. Today Islam is the second largest religion in Russia. The majority of Muslims are Tatars, Chuvashs, Bashkirs and peoples of the North Caucasus.
Since its inception, the history of Islam has known positive and negative sides, ups and downs, but one can say with complete certainty: thanks to the Prophet Muhammad for countless people of all time, Islam has become an example of behavior and an integral part of life.