The device of the car for the beginning drivers. General and technical device of the car

In difficult times the car will come to the rescue, help out and never turn its back to its owner. Now we can not imagine our life without a vehicle.

Nowadays a car is not a luxury anymore. Anyone can buy it. He is in every family, but few people are trying to understand the technical design of the car. And very vain.

The development of the automobile industry is moving forward with wide strides. A lot of different models are produced in our time. By internal structure, all cars are similar. The car for beginners seems to be a dark forest, but still it will have to sort out a little. This is necessary in order to be able to repair at least a minimum. Or clearly explain in the car service that your car has broken down.

The general device of the car

Describing the device car for beginners, delve into the details is not worth it. But there is a certain database of information that everyone should know. Regardless of driving experience, knowledge of the schematic structure of your vehicle will help significantly reduce the cost of repair and maintenance of the iron horse.

The general device of the car:

• engine;
• transmission;
• chassis;
• body;
• Electrical equipment.

Engine

The construction of a car for beginners should begin to be viewed from the main component - the engine. It's kind of the heart of your vehicle.

The purpose of this part of the car is known to everyone from the earliest years. The engine drives the vehicle with energy from the combustion of fuel. Power from it is transmitted to the wheels through the transmission. On this basis, cars are divided into front, rear and all-wheel drive. For example, if the energy is transferred to the front wheels - it is front-wheel drive.

Depending on the type of fuel used, the engines are divided into several types:

• Petrol is the most common.
• Diesel.
• Gas - is increasingly found this species, working not on liquid fuels.

To date, the most common is ICE - an internal combustion engine. Gradually, new species appear, which may be replaced by an internal combustion engine cavity. However, while he does not give leadership to anyone.

Chassis and transmission

The running gear is a collection of parts that are put together to make the car move. Roughly speaking, it is a kind of cart, on which is attached the body, engine and other components of the car. Two of its main components are wheels and suspension.

With the first part of the running everything is extremely simple. But the suspension is worth talking more. After all for many experienced drivers it remains a mystery. From the name of this part of the car it is clear that it is somewhere suspended from below. But for what? And the answer is trivial. When driving, even on a level road, the vehicle is subjected to vibration and shaking. Agree, in such conditions, the trip is unlikely to give you pleasure. So that's the suspension reduces the level of vibrations provided on the car. It protects the driver and passengers from jumping and jumping, while driving on irregularities. And remembering our roads, I would like to hope that the suspension will serve faithfully for a long time.

Transmission is a common name for a variety of mechanisms that redirect energy from the engine to the wheels. It includes:

• Clutch is necessary for a smooth shift of the gearbox with the engine.
• Transmission. Its function is to change the torque and switch the movement to the rear gear.
• Differential - makes the wheels of the car, depending on the situation, spin at different speeds.
• Semiaxis. Their task is to transfer the torque to the driving wheels of the vehicle.

Car body

The body is the carcass of the car. All components of the vehicle are clinging to it. In the distant past, the first cars were without a body. It was replaced by a frame, to which everything was fixed. Now such a scheme remained for some trucks and motorcycles. And for passenger cars from this type of assembly they refused, in order to make their weight smaller. So there was all the familiar body of a car.

The structure of the body part includes:

• roof;
• Stamped lower part;
• Engine compartment;
• Spar;
• Front and rear wings;
• hood;
• Doors;
• Luggage cover.

The division into components is rather conditional, since all parts are interconnected. If you compare it roughly, the body is a kind of metal box, into which the components of the car are embedded.

By type of body are divided:

• sedan;
• Hatchback;
• Compartment;
• Mini-car;
• pickup.

It is the body that determines the appearance of the car, as well as the internal comfort and its dimensions.

Electrical equipment

Few processes in our life occur without electricity. The movement of the car is not included in their number. Interior and exterior lighting, wipers, control devices, radio tape recorder, air conditioning - they all work thanks to electric current. The car consumes a huge amount of electricity, in connection with this, it is not advisable to charge it from the outlet.

Therefore, inside your vehicle there is a generator that allows you to generate electrical energy yourself, and also store it for future use with the engine running. The accumulator is a rechargeable battery.

Truck arrangement

Considering the device of the car for the beginning drivers, it is necessary to concern not only passenger cars, but also cargo models.

In fact, the internal components are identical. The differences, of course, lie in the amount. And the main difference between the truck and the car is the body composition. At the first it is divided into a cabin and a cargo platform. And the car has no such division. All other components of cars are similar.