The device of a tape base for a private house

The foundation, as everybody knows, is the underground part of the house, which carries a load of all its structures. Several types of foundations are used in the construction of private houses . It can be columnar, tape, plate or pile version.

The most suitable is usually the installation of a strip foundation. This type is distinguished by an optimal combination of high reliability, simplicity of erection and cheapness. Such a base can be used on almost all types of soils, except for very wet and susceptible to motions.

I must say that the installation of the tape foundation is a fairly simple process. This is a continuous tape of brick, stone or concrete, passing under the building along its entire perimeter. A prefabricated tape foundation made of prefabricated blocks is also used.

The brick foundation will not be too cheap. The base of the finished blocks is arranged very quickly, but this is a rather expensive option. Therefore, the erection of a monolithic is usually the most acceptable solution.

Preliminary geodetic survey. Based on the research, some features of the technology of erection, the depth of the foundation and other parameters are determined.

The installation of the tape monolithic foundation also involves preliminary preparation of the site and careful marking. Marking is carried out with pegs and twine. Pegs drive in all corners of the future building, then between them pull the twine. All angles must be perfectly straight, and opposite sides are parallel and of equal length. Mark both the inner and outer perimeter of the future concrete belt.

Begin the device of a tape foundation from digging a pit. The depth of it can depend on many factors. Usually it is about 50-70 cm. The bottom is leveled and a pillow of sand is laid on it. The thickness of the sand cushion should be 12-20 cm. After that, the formwork is mounted. For it, wooden shields and spacers are used.

Simultaneously with the formwork reinforcement is installed. Usually the rods are mounted in two rows and fastened with horizontal rods. It is best not to use welded reinforcement, but to bind the rods with a special wire. The installation of a strip foundation with such an armature reduces the likelihood of its corrosion, and, therefore, increases its service life.

The concrete is poured in small layers, approximately 15 cm. Each layer is rammed. Sometimes the device of the tape foundations assumes addition in concrete of rubble stone. In this case, the layers are stacked alternately. First a layer of concrete, then a stone, then again a layer of concrete.

Finish the device of the strip foundation with waterproofing works. After the concrete strip has been standing for a week and a half, the formwork can be dismantled. As a waterproofing material , bitumen mastic and roofing material are used. The outer walls of the tape cover the mastic and glue the ruberoid onto it. The same is done at the top of the basement. Then you need to fill in the gaps between the walls of the tape and the excavation. They are sprinkled with sand, in small layers, which are compacted with water. The foundation is ready.