Stephen Hawking. How to talk, write letters and make discoveries scientist

Stephen Hawking is one of the most famous physicists of our time. To his opinion, not only scholars, but also political scientists, and economists from all over the world listen. The great researcher believes that the present century is precisely the moment when the most dangerous era for humanity has come. What is the reason for his opinion? What are other interesting ideas that Stephen Hawking put forward ? How does the scientist talk and what are the main milestones of his biography? All these questions worry not only those who are seriously interested in physics or astronomy. After all, anyone who admires the courage of the researcher in the face of illness, is interested in how he managed to triumph over circumstances.

A brief biography of Stephen Hawking

Hawking was born in the UK to a family of doctors. His father was a medical scientist, and his mother worked as a secretary in the same organization. The childhood of the scientist passed in the company of two sisters, and also the adopted son of the Hawking - Edward. On graduation from school, Stephen became a student at Oxford, and after his graduation he became one of the Ph.D.'s at the University of Cambridge. Hawking has two children from his first wife, and in 1995 he married his nurse. In 2006, Hawking divorced a second time.

Onset

It seemed that everything was in order with the health of the scientist, and nothing bodes ill. But even in his youth, the researcher discovered a disease that seriously affected his entire life - amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. The disease progressed at a catastrophic rate, and soon Hawking was paralyzed.

Why does the physicist always present a joyful smile in his photographs? The fact is that even despite the symptoms of the disease, the scientist continued to study physics, devoting almost all his spare time to the study of new directions of science. Perseverance and courage in regard to the advancing illness, as well as interest in the beloved cause, helped Hawking become a member of the Royal Society of London.

How Hawking is given science lessons

The main specialization that the theoretical physicist deals with is quantum gravity, and also cosmology. The universe is full of mysteries, and one of those who decided to investigate them is Stephen Hawking. How does the scientist talk and how does he manage to communicate with the outside world at all? The fact is that, despite the paralysis of the whole body, he still has one working facial muscle. A small sensor is attached to the points of the scientist, which is connected to an even more complex system. Depending on the movement of facial expression, the sensor determines where the scientist's vision is directed.

Communicating out loud with a synthesizer

For example, if Hawking looks at a specific area of the computer, then with the help of this responsive sensor the researcher can "click" on his specific area. With this method, the scientist interacts with the outside world, writes letters and scholarly articles, and conducts research. Some people wonder how Steven Hawking communicates with others. It should be noted that a scientist can not only send letters by e-mail. By controlling this complex system, it can send signals to the speech synthesizer, and thus even communicate with others aloud.

One of the scientific disputes of Hawking

But, despite the huge discoveries, sometimes the researcher still lost his arguments to his colleagues. The error of Professor Stephen Hawking was admitted to them in a dispute with John Philippe Presquille. This argument actually served as the impetus for one of the most revolutionary studies that Hawking later pursued. The dispute itself was as follows.

John Preskill believed that the waves that come from black holes contain some information that can not be deciphered for modern science. Hawking was an opponent, not taking this point of view - as an argument he cited experimental data obtained in 1975. The researcher believed that information can not be decoded only for the reason that it enters the parallel universe.

The film "The Universe of Stephen Hawking"

The scientist is also the author of many art paintings. One of the most famous is the "Universe of Stephen Hawking." For the first time she appeared on the screens of cinemas in 2015, and the role of the scientist played the most suitable for her Eddie Redmayne. I must say that the preparation for the shooting was for the actor a real challenge. After all, he needed not only to find out all the necessary information - who is Stephen Hawking, as the scientist talks, how does it perform the usual everyday activities in everyday life.

The hard part of Eddie Redman, who played the main role

Redmain spent about six months dealing with physicists and trying to build his own line of behavior to please the great scientist. But still the first meeting caused the actor a great excitement. Still, Steven Hawking was waiting for him. "How does the scientist talk? And how to talk with him? "- all these questions constantly tormented the artist. As a result, he spoke endlessly for the first half hour, as soon as he met with Hawking. It turned out that the process of uttering the phrases is actually much slower than the actor assumed. Therefore, he often had to fill in awkward pauses in conversation. But so far the young people of Great Britain are delighted with this film, and the phrases from the motion picture have long ago split into quotations.

Fears of the scientist about the future of mankind

The achievements of the scientist in the field of astrophysics research are undeniable today. Many even believe that Stephen Hawking - Newton XX century. However, he shares his fears about the future of mankind with representatives of other fields of knowledge - political scientists, economists, sociologists. For example, Hawking's serious fears are the possibility of a large percentage of unsecured people simply earning a living. After all, modern technology has led to an ambiguous situation: manual and low-skilled labor is becoming more automated. As a result, good earnings become available only to the middle and creative classes.