Malaria. Symptoms, prevention and treatment

Today, such an activity as a journey has become very popular. Everyone wants to visit the most interesting and mysterious countries. However, few people know that a trip can cloud the acquired exotic disease. One of them is malaria. Symptoms of it are characterized by the appearance of anemia and even febrile seizures.

This mosquito is spread by certain species, which live exclusively in Africa, South America and some Asian countries. In order for these insects to live and multiply, a very high ambient temperature is needed.

Types of malaria

To date, there are 4 types of malaria. They differ depending on the pathogen, which is plasmodia:

1. There is a three-day malaria. Symptoms of it are not as evident as in other types of disease. The causative agent in this case is Plasmodium vivax.
2. There is an oval-malaria. Plasmodium ovale is to blame for this disease.
3. There are four more days of malaria. It is caused by the appearance in the blood of Plasmodium malariae.
4. Finally, there is tropical malaria, the causative agent of which is Plasmodium falciparum.

Malaria. Symptoms

Malaria begins to manifest with mild ailments. Over time, signs of malaria are beginning to worsen. From a small headache and drowsiness, a real seizure is obtained. It appears on the 3rd or even 4th day of the disease. First, an infected person begins to beat a chill. The face becomes cold. This also happens with the limbs of the patient. The period of chills can last up to 3 hours. And then the heat begins, which lasts up to 24 hours. And the patient's condition only worsens.

During the heat, there is an increase in temperature to 41 degrees, severe headache, severe shortness of breath, even vomiting. In some cases, there is delirium. The attack ends with a drop in temperature and a very strong perspiration. After an attack of malaria, the patient feels weak. However, such a fever is constantly repeated. The length of intervals between seizures depends on the pathogen of malaria.

Three-day malaria is characterized by rare seizures that occur about a day later. It all starts with a sudden rise in temperature. Oval malaria goes a little easier. Attacks in this case show themselves in the evenings. Four-day malaria begins immediately with attacks that can last 2 days in a row.

The most severe is tropical malaria. Symptoms of it are very diverse. This and diarrhea, and vomiting, and myalgia, and pain in different parts of the body, and sometimes develops jaundice.

Malaria. Complications

A large number of complications are observed from tropical malaria. This is both a coma and a shock. Renal failure may also occur in an acute form. It is not excluded pulmonary edema. All this has the potential to lead to death.

Treatment of malaria

When malaria is detected, the patient is treated exclusively in the hospital. And all chambers should be completely isolated from mosquitoes. First, the doctor prescribes the drug chloroquine or other analogues. It is with the help of this medicine that you can completely cure of tropical and four-day malaria. In other types of disease, only seizures are eliminated, thanks to chloroquine. Further it is necessary to conduct treatment, which prevents the occurrence of relapses.

Malaria. Prevention

It is very important to apply for malaria treatment in a timely manner. In this case, there will be a favorable end to the illness. If there are complications of tropical malaria, then even a lethal outcome is possible , especially among pregnant women and children.

Prevention of the disease, in the first place, is aimed at the treatment of malaria vectors. Persons who go to warm regions where the infection is actively raging should carefully protect themselves from mosquito bites. In addition, a kind of preventive maintenance by chemical means will help. For this, the preparation of Delagil needs to be taken a few days before departure to a foreign country, and then drink it all the time there.