Sergei Ozhegov is a Soviet linguist. Biography of Sergei Ozhegov

We have a rich language that is so powerful and flexible that it can literally express everything. In its greatness, it is not inferior to any language of the world. He is constantly improving, at the same time having a rich basis and language traditions. It is valuable and self-sufficient, it is the history of the people, it reflects the culture. Language should be protected and studied, this should become a necessity for every Russian person. The greatness and richness of the language are reflected in books, especially those relating to classical literature, or in dictionaries and reference books that reflect norms. And of course, we must know and remember those great scientists who laid the foundation of our native language.

Linguistics

The study of language is engaged in linguistics. It considers the main function of language as a means of communication, its historical development and patterns. Linguistics explores the language theory: what is the system of language, what are the linguistic units, what is the nature of grammatical categories, and so on.

Science observes the facts of speech, perceives native speakers, language phenomena, language material.

Linguistics is closely connected with other sciences: history, archeology, ethnography, psychology, philosophy. This is because language accompanies us everywhere, in all areas of life.

In any science, key individuals stand out. Speaking of linguistics, you can name such names: Victor Vinogradov, Baudouin de Courtenay, Lev Shcherba and many others. And let's name the name of our Russian scholar Sergei Ivanovich Ozhegov, to whom this article will be devoted.

Famous linguist scholar

Sergei Ozhegov, who graduated from the gymnasium in Tver province, then the philological faculty of the Leningrad University, who took part in the Civil War during the battles on the territory of the Ukrainian Froth, passed postgraduate studies, taught in many Moscow universities, today is better known as the author of the dictionary, which we use and This day. Collection of Russian words Ozhegova is the result of the colossal work of the scientist. Here you can find all the modern common vocabulary, illustrate cases of word compatibility and the most common phraseological units. This work was the basis of many translated collections of Russian words.

Ozhegov about the language

He spoke a lot about simplifying Russian spelling Sergei Ozhegov. Quotations of the author, in addition, contained his suggestions for improving the stereotyped edition of the dictionary, published in 1964. Ozhegov said that you need to bring in the collection of new words that appeared recently in Russian. It is also necessary to revise the phraseological units, rethink the concepts of some new words. And of course, we must pay attention to the norms of use and pronunciation of the Russian language.

One more statement of S.I. Ozhegov's language concerns the accuracy of word usage. The scientist spoke of a high culture of speech, which consists in the ability to find an intelligible, appropriate word for expressing one's thoughts.

The dictionary of this Russian linguist has become a popular reference book. On this occasion, Sergey Ozhegov himself joked. Quotations mark the need for this collection: the number of published books of the dictionary is not inferior to the number of published works of the classics of Marxism-Leninism.

Life and art

The name of the famous linguist has Siberian roots. It is based on the word "burned", they called a stick to check the readiness of molten metal for casting.

Ozhegov Sergey Ivanovich, speaking of his biography, always mentioned the fact that their name comes from the Demidov serfs. In the family of his grandfather, who worked for more than fifty years at the Yekaterinburg smelter, there were fourteen children, and all of them subsequently had a higher education.

Sergei Ozhegov was born into the family of a mining engineer and a midwife at a factory hospital in late September 1900. His small homeland is the village of Kamennoe in the past Tver province.

The craving for knowledge, inherent in their names, was manifested in the fact that, having entered a higher educational institution, Ozhegov Sergey Ivanovich had to quit his studies and go to the front. But, after returning from the front, in the 1920s he graduated from Leningrad University. His teachers were well-known at that time linguists V.V. Vinogradov and L.V. Shcherba. Sergei Ozhegov immediately entered the circle of Leningrad scientists, then met with his Moscow colleagues and gained fame there.

Since 1952, S.I. Ozhegov was the head of the verbal department at the Academy of Sciences of the USSR. Scientific activity is reflected in the "Explanatory dictionary of the Russian language", whose editor-in-chief was D.N. Ushakov. The group of developers included Ozhegov. Also, Ozhegov's merit is the authorship of the Dictionary of the Russian Language.

Friendship with famous linguists

At that time in Leningrad were widely known linguists V.V. Vinogradov and D.I. Ushakov. They are joined by Ozhegov Sergey Ivanovich, a linguist, whose career is successfully formed here, since he is a member of the group working on the four-volume edition of D.I. Ushakov.
More than thirty percent of the entries in this collection belong to SI. Ozhegov. Also at this time there is an active collection of materials for the "Dictionary for the plays of AN Ostrovsky."

In addition, the young linguist is friends with the famous scientist A. Reformatsky, who later will be the author of a classic textbook on linguistics.

The main work of Ozhegov

Working on the material to the collection of D.I. Ushakova, Sergey Ozhegov was excited by the idea of creating a dictionary for general use. Over this collection work began before the war with the fascists. Ozhegov believed in the strength of the Red Army, which will not allow the Germans to Moscow, so stayed in the city. He gave all this difficult war time to his offspring. The co-authors in the work on the dictionary were Moscow linguists G. Vinokur and V. Petrosyan. But gradually they departed from work, and SI. Ozhegov practically did all the work.

To the last, Sergei Ozhegov continued his work. The dictionary of the Russian language was constantly being finalized, the construction of it was being improved. The author took the language as a constantly changing living phenomenon. He enjoyed watching the changes taking place in the language.

There are a number of well-known facts that will complement the knowledge of SI. Ozhegov and his dictionary:

• Many uttered incorrectly the surname of the linguist, stressing the second syllable;
• The censorship initially did not miss the word "mistress", seeing in it a depraved meaning;
• Did not suit censorship and church vocabulary, such words as "naked", "iconostasis";
• The word "Leningrad" during the reissue of the dictionary was introduced artificially, so that the words "sloth" and "Leninist" are not found side by side;
• The interpretation of the word "rape" in the dictionary Ozhegova helped one guy get out of prison, because his actions did not fall under the rape;
• There are six editions of the Ozhegov dictionary, published during his lifetime;
• Recently, a student of S.I. Ozhegova N.Yu. Shvedova; Heirs of a well-known linguist do not like some of the principles of her work.

The Ozhegov family

Many experienced in his life Sergei Ozhegov, his family experienced a lot of complex, dramatic events, characteristic of the Russian intelligentsia.

His father, an engineer at the paper factory Kuvshinova, received a four-room apartment where the local intelligentsia often gathered. The village was advanced: the factory constantly introduced innovations, a school was built, the People's House, a hospital. In the latter, the mother of Ozhegova worked as a midwife. In addition to Sergei, the eldest, there were two sons in their family. The average became an architect, the younger - a railwayman.

In 1909 the Ozhegovs moved to Petersburg. Here Sergei went to the gymnasium, enrolled in a chess club and sports society. Having successfully graduated from high school, he entered a higher educational institution, but the war prevented education.

Nevertheless, after the war, he still graduated from the university. Before receiving the diploma, Sergei Ozhegov married a student from philology. Her father was a priest, a great self-taught musician, performing classical and folk music.

Ozhegov was a very sociable person. In his house there were always friendly companies, a friendly atmosphere reigned.

Wife Ozhegova was a great hostess, they lived together for about forty years, raised a son.

During the war, the Moscow family of Ozhegova moved to Tashkent, but the Leningrad relatives of the scientist almost could not stand the blockade. There was a niece. Five-year-old girl was given to an orphanage, later S.I. Ozhegov found it and adopted it.

Merit of Ozhegov

Ozhegov Sergey Ivanovich made a lot for domestic linguistics, his contribution to the Russian language is very great. He is the author and compiler of many dictionaries and reference books. S.I. Ozhegov is known as a member of the Moscow City Council Commission, deputy chairman of the Academy of Sciences Commission, a scientific consultant, and a teacher in a university.

Scientific works of Ozhegov

The main scientific works of S.I. Ozhegova reflects the issues of Russian lexicology and lexicography. He worked hard on the history of the Russian language, studied sociolinguistics, the culture of Russian speech. Also a great contribution was made by Sergey Ozhegov, a linguist in the study of the language of individual writers (IA Krylov, AN Ostrovsky, and others). He worked a lot on the normative nature of the Russian language: he was the editor of various dictionaries-directories and language collections.