Self-employed citizen: activity, patent

A self-employed citizen is a concept that has become of interest to many people in Russia. This term is usually used for individual entrepreneurs who do not have employees and conduct private activities. In fact, they are those who work for themselves. Often such people can be very problematic to conduct their business, in particular, because of tax charges and paperwork. Therefore, at the moment in Russia, it was decided to create a separate law that would help self-employed citizens work for the benefit of society and earn money at the same time. This idea was actively developed in 2016. What should citizens know about this innovation? What are the plans to provide working conditions for those who work for themselves?

Self-employment is ...

What does "self-employed citizens" mean? Quite a lot of people are interested in this question. Especially those who are planning to open their own small business. It has already been said that such a term, as a rule, is characterized by people (at the moment - entrepreneurs) who work for themselves. They have neither staff nor staff.

To some extent, these are citizens who are themselves bosses and subordinates. In Russia, such activities are quite common. Only at the moment a self-employed citizen is required to either get a job officially (as, for example, an employee for hire), or formalize himself as an individual entrepreneur. Quite often, the USN system is selected at the same time. Not very convenient. Therefore, in Russia, they began to consider laws that help citizens who are self-employed to work normally.

Disadvantages with IP

Now, when it is clear who applies to self-employed citizens in general terms (more on this - a little later), you can understand why the country decided to come up with a new law. After all, as it was already said, the population was supposed to register its activity in the case of self-employment as an enterprise.

This is not for any activity suitable. In addition, it is worth paying attention to one rather interesting fact - taxes and premiums for IP, even if "simplified" in the form of taxation is chosen , are quite high. And that's why most self-employed people simply do not get formalized. They conduct, as already mentioned, shadow activities, in fact violating the established legislation. Only often prove this fact is very problematic.

That is why in Russia they thought about issuing the law "On Self-Employed Citizens." He should help all people who work "for themselves" without employees, to work, without fear for violation of the established legislation in the country. But what awaits the category of persons being studied? What are the pros and cons of the proposed system? Why prepare the population?

Patents

The first thing that is suggested to pay attention to is that the current taxation system for this category of persons will be patent. Often this scenario is very encouraging. Why?

The activities of self-employed citizens in certain cases can be formalized with the help of a patent. From the advantages of the system:

1. Absence of payment of insurance premiums and taxes. People simply buy a patent and conduct their activities for the period set by the document.
2. There is no paper red tape. No extra reporting, no additional declarations of profit. Registration of a patent for self-employed people is also promised to be simplified.
3. Absence of desk inspections of tax inspections. Perhaps, one of the most significant moments. It is planned that a self-employed citizen who works under a patent is exempt from tax inspections.

Disadvantages of this system are also available. But they are often considered as nuances, not cons. For example, the following points are highlighted:

1. Limited patent validity. The maximum document service life is 12 months. The minimum is 30 days. Every year you will have to buy a new patent to continue the activity.
2. Not all work can be formalized as self-employment. In some cases, you still have to open the IP.
3. The different cost of a patent for activities in the regions. Price list will set each city independently. But it is planned to regulate the highs and lows anyway.

There are no more significant features. However, laws on self-employment for the time being on the population produce a predominantly positive impact. People are eager to know what to expect.

Tax holidays

A huge advantage is the idea to exempt self-employed citizens from taxes. Such statements are made very often. After all, the studied category of persons, as a rule, must first "spin" the business, so that he brings income, and then already pay taxes. Otherwise, the person closes the IP and stops working officially, often leaving the shadows. This is a loss for the state treasury.

It is for this reason that the government of the Russian Federation offered to completely free the self-employed citizens from tax collections, to arrange a tax holiday for them. For which term? For 3 years. That is, a person can not pay taxes for 36 months. Very interesting prospect.

This proposal was also made for IP, which only work for themselves, without bosses, managers and employees. 3 years from the moment of registration, this category of persons will not pay taxes to the state treasury. It will only be necessary to transfer mandatory contributions to the FSS.

Without taxes at all

What else should people pay attention to? In Russia, full exemption of self-employed citizens from taxes is envisaged. How will this happen?

The thing is that citizens must acquire patents. Their cost completely covers the estimated costs. In fact, a self-employed person pays ahead. The cost of a patent is both taxes and all mandatory contributions.

Thus, we can say that there will be no need to make any additional payments during the entire duration of the patent. It is for this reason that the law on self-employment is of interest to the public. The main problem by which people hide their income is taxes. And she, as promised in the government, will be exhausted.

Differences from PIs

What types of activities of self-employed citizens are different? It should be noted that entrepreneurship and the type of work being studied are several different things. Therefore, you need to clearly understand what differences they have from each other.

How does a self-employed citizen differ from an individual entrepreneur? If we do not take into account the new opportunities that are offered in Russia for the first category of employees, then they distinguish the following features:

1. Self-employed can only work on a patent. It is impossible to combine taxation.
2. Wage workers with self-employment are prohibited. IP can hire employees and pay them salaries.
3. Self-employment is work only in certain areas of activity. They must be mentioned in the patent.
4. There is no tax reporting for those who decided to work only for themselves. The IP shall at least once a year receive the relevant documents on income and expenditure.

Accordingly, it can not be considered that an entrepreneur is a self-employed citizen. This term can only be used in certain cases.

Who can work as a self-employed person?

And now a little about the activities of the studied category of persons. It has already been said that not all business without employees provides for a patent for the self-employed. So who specifically will have the right to issue this document?

Now the following persons are singled out who, from 2017, will have to work under a special patent as self-employed:

• Seamstresses at home;
• Nannies;
• Housekeeper and governess;
• Tutors and home teachers;
• Photographers and videographers;
• Drivers;
• Journalists;
• Freelancers (in particular copywriters and re-writers);
• People who are engaged in repair of jewelry;
• Masters in the repair of household appliances.

Here you can also include people who are engaged in making hand-made, as well as handmade soaps and sweets. The huge advantage of the adopted law is that now the activity of copywriters, which for a long time caused a lot of questions, will be formalized without any problems.

About the cost

Perhaps the only significant drawback is that patents for the self-employed will cost money. A normal phenomenon, but it makes many think. It has already been said that the cost will be determined in each city in relation to a specific activity of its own. For example, a nanny in Moscow will have to pay for a patent more than in Kaliningrad. On the one hand, everything is fair. On the other - it is not clear how much will have to pay for their activities in advance.

Nevertheless, as indicated in the government, a self-employed citizen will have to pay a minimum of 10,000 rubles for a patent. In some sources it is indicated that the amount to be paid will be 20 thousand. This cost is calculated for a year. This, as already mentioned, includes both mandatory contributions and tax collections. In principle, not so much as it seems. Given the complete exemption from taxes when working with patents, this is perhaps a huge advantage over individual entrepreneurs.

Registration in the register

Another nuance - a little with the documents of the self-employed will have to run. The thing is that every person who works "for himself" must be listed in a special register. All citizens who work for themselves will be registered in it.

Now they are already saying that you will have to pay a little for entering into the register. The approximate cost of this action is 100 rubles. A trifle, but it will have to be taken into account.

Results

Now it is clear what the category of self-employed citizens is, and what to expect in Russia in the near future. In fact, the proposed changes are really interesting. But experts still express their concerns. Some self-employed may remain in the shadows.

It refers to people with low or unstable income. It is simply not profitable for them to open IP, nor to buy a patent. And to prove their activities is very problematic. Therefore, the adopted laws will help, but they will not completely relieve the country from the shadow business of self-employed citizens.