Scheme of heating a single-storey house: correct wiring

Before proceeding with the installation of the heating system, it is necessary to take into account all the parameters of the structure. It does not depend on how big the house is and how many floors there are in it. To select the most appropriate scheme, you need to consider the following factors:

1. Used fuel.
2. Power characteristics of radiators.
3. Type of boiler.
4. The material from which the heating will be made.

The scheme of heating a single-storey house can be presented in several variants.

• Single-tube.
• Gravitational.
• Two-pipe.

Each variant has its own peculiarities.

Gravity type

This scheme of heating a single-story house is the simplest classical option. It has both advantages and disadvantages. The self-heating scheme for heating a single-storey house is based on the layout of the house. The circle of circulation must envelop the entire structure. The disadvantages of this system include massive pipes. Without them, the circulation of the coolant will be ineffective. In this case, do not use radiators or replace pipes with thinner ones. This will result in the maximum reduction of the flow rate and the cessation of water circulation. Thus, the temperature in the housing will decrease significantly. For this reason, the simplest gravity scheme of heating a single-storey house includes a boiler and a tap, which entangles the whole house. It is also possible to increase the area of the heating device. For this, not one, but two thick bends are launched. Many people are interested in the question of how to organize the connection yourself. To do this, you will need an instruction for wiring the water system. Thanks to her, all work can be done by one person, even if he has a minimum building experience. At the same time, the system should be fault-tolerant and cheap.

Primary requirements

The scheme of the heating system of a single-storey house must be designed to be as simple as possible. It is not always possible to invite professionals to design and the work itself. In addition, it will be very interesting to do installation work with my own hands. Another important requirement is the economy of operation. At the efficiency of the boiler, the heating scheme of a private single-storey house is practically unaffected. Nevertheless, it is required to do everything in order to increase the heat savings. Also it is necessary to take care of fault tolerance. The last parameter means that the heating of a single-storey house must be arranged so that the system does not freeze at any temperature outside due to excessive heat emission. Energy independence is the desired factor. If water heating with forced circulation is installed , it is best that it can also work with the natural, even with reduced efficiency. The fact is that power interruptions happen quite often.

Features of devices

The parameters of modern convectors are very similar to those of radiators, which can not be said about domestic products of the 80s. The question of what to put is decided individually. In order to calculate the required number of heating appliances, you can use a fairly simple formula: 10 square meters. M of the area at a standard ceiling height (approximately 3 m) per 1 KW of heat output. All information about the heater is usually contained in the accompanying documentation.

Variants of spreading

There are different schemes of water heating of a single-storey house. Let's consider the main types. First let's see what a two-pipe scheme for heating a single-storey house is.

General information about the connection

On the perimeter of the house (in a residential building or under the floor) two pipelines are laid. One of them is reverse, and the other is serving. As jumpers in them are embedded convectors, fan coil units, registers or radiators. Thus, a kind of short circuit is created. It is known that water tends to circulate through the heating elements nearest to the corresponding pump. It is necessary to balance the system so that the far instruments also receive heat. The passage of water through a certain part of the batteries should be limited by means of chokes. This scheme has its drawbacks. First of all, we are talking about a large flow of pipes. There is a risk of defrosting without balancing. For example, if a curious child opens the nearest chokes to failure, then after a while in long-range batteries, the circulation will completely fall. After that, it is very difficult to restore such heating systems, since the radiators and pipes will be ruptured by ice.

Subtypes

Vertical

A particular feature of this heating scheme is that water flows into all radiators at once, which are located vertically at different levels. For more accurate tincture of heating, thermostats and balance valves are used.

Horizontal

This heating scheme is characterized by the fact that the coolant flows into all radiators at the same time, which are located on the same level. In this case, all their outputs are connected to one tap. With the help of the return element, the coolant returns to the boiler.

Horizontal distribution

With the boiler, the outputs of all radiators are connected. Examples are warm floors.

Radiation connection

The scheme of this heating system is as follows.

Collectors are mounted on the back and forward taps. On any pipeline there must be combs with chokes. From each pair (with return and feed) to the battery is a pair of pipes. This scheme is notable for its convenience, wide possibilities and excellent regulation. However, the installation in this case is quite a challenge. It will be necessary to hide about half a dozen pipes behind the false walls or floor screed. In fact, there will be much more. Accordingly, the final cost will be quite high.

Single-pipe scheme for heating a single-storey house ("Leningrad")

This connection option is the simplest. One-pipe scheme for heating a single-storey house involves the installation of certain elements in the established sequence. On the perimeter of the house you need to put out a large diameter bore (at least DU32). In this case, the larger the size, the better. The pipe is mounted inside the living rooms. Thus, all the heat given off by its surface will heat the rooms. The outer walls require it most. The wiring must be slightly higher on the feeding side than in the place where the return goes back to the boiler. Convectors or radiators cut into the loop. This is done using a pipe of smaller diameter - mostly DN20. On the piping it is desirable to mount the heater cut-off valves, as well as throttles. Air in the upper plug will not be superfluous. This heating circuit will allow the heat to be started without the need for additional reinforcement.

Vertical connection

In this scheme, the water heated in the boiler flows through the pipeline to the first radiator, and then to the second. After the coolant passes through the last element, it again appears in the boiler. In this case, there is one drawback. It represents the temperature difference between the last and the first radiator. This problem is corrected during design and installation operations. The last radiators in accordance with the working area are made large. In some cases, bypass jumpers are used for balancing. Adjusting such a scheme is quite a challenge.

Horizontal connection

In one of the above-described connections, the series radiators were vertically arranged at different levels. In the same system is a little different device. Each radiator is located one after another horizontally. Water similarly comes from the boiler to the input of the first, whose output, in turn, is connected to the second one. The last radiator is connected to the boiler. It is also very difficult to regulate such a scheme. However, balancing can be done during design and installation operations. Chokes are important elements in the system. With them, the temperature of the radiators along the ring is equalized. Thanks to special instruments, air is placed, which without these elements is displaced by water in the upper part of the heating unit. Thus, the heat transfer efficiency is reduced. Installation of such a system is easily carried out independently. This is done quickly enough, in addition, with minimal cost. The heat will not be lost, since all the elements of communication are located inside the living quarters. The movement of the coolant will slow down if a circulation pump is installed. However, it will not stop. The temperature expansion of the water will facilitate the continuation of the circulation.

Types of heat sources

Today, the scheme of gas heating of a single-storey house is quite popular. The heating medium is heated in the boiler. As the name implies, the connection is made to the gas main. It combines convenience and cheapness. Condensing boilers are considered the best of gas. Such boilers allow you to extract maximum heat from the combustion products. This is achieved by condensation. The best solid fuel boilers are pyrolysis. In them, the fuel is first converted to gas (with limited air access), and then burned. Ashes remains very little. In addition, similar boilers can work in semi-automatic mode. Thus, the participation of residents will be minimal. Any modern gas boiler is equipped with a thermostat.