Scheme of a Christmas tree garland. How to make a Christmas tree?

The tradition of lighting the lights on a Christmas tree was born long before the appearance of electricity, so special candles were originally used as such ornaments. They were extremely flammable, and often the holiday ended in tragedy. In particular, there are cases when "Christmas fires" have turned whole city blocks into ashes or carried away human lives. The situation changed dramatically as soon as electric garlands appeared.

A bit of history

Until the middle of the last century, it was extremely difficult to find New Year's decorations in Soviet stores, with the exception of Moscow and a couple of other major cities. That is why the only opportunity to arrange illuminations in the apartment was a homemade Christmas tree garland. With their own hands (the scheme of connecting bulbs was known to every schoolchild), such decorations were made quite simply. Usually it was enough to be able to use a soldering iron. With his help, several ordinary small bulbs from the pocket flashlight or the radio's backlight were connected in a garland.

Later on the market appeared a variety of glowing New Year's decorations, consisting of small-size cartridges and plafonds of various shapes. They were screwed with colored or transparent miniature incandescent lamps, which burned constantly, while the garland was connected to the network.

Flashers and blinkers

Over time, the pattern of the Christmas tree garland became more complicated. She "learned" to flash, and also appeared musical options. As a basis for creating such ornaments, rather simple K-155 and K-561 chips were used, and in the role of the clock-master were parts used in old synthesizers, such as UMC8-01. Such variants were quite interesting, but later they gave way to more advanced models, allowing you to create on the tree the original light and music design.

Flashing New Year's illumination for the apartment

The simplest scheme of a Christmas tree garland with periodically turning on and off light bulbs can be made by hand in literally half an hour. The flashing frequency is set by selecting resistor R2 (in the disconnected state) with the required resistance.

For a small New Year's garland, it is enough to replace the thyristor KU 2001L at KU 107B, thus reducing its power.

Scheme of a Christmas tree with a smooth switching

To create the simplest design of the light effects machine, it does not take much effort and knowledge. Below is a diagram of a Christmas tree with a blinking blinking of bulbs.

The frequency of their switching is regulated by a multivibrator, which is assembled on elements DD 1.3, DD 1.4. In this case, the shift of the opening torque of the thyristor VD 6 from the start of the half-cycle of the mains voltage occurs due to the switching delay of the inverters on the logic elements DD 1.1 and DD 1.2.

The starting phase shift of the voltage, which determines the brightness of the glow of the Christmas tree lamp, is set by the resistor R6, and the desired switching frequency of the multivibrator is achieved with the device R8.

When setting up the festive garland, first one of the 2 terminals of the VD 11 diode is disconnected and the power regulator is debugged so that when the cursor of the resistor R6 shifts the illumination of the lamps changes from 0 to the nominal value. After connecting the diode VD 11 with the trimmer resistor R8, the desired frequency is set with which the electric garlands made according to the proposed scheme should flash.

Decoration made of light-emitting diodes. What is required?

To make such a New Year's decor for the house is quite simple. To do this, you need:

• The right amount of multicolored LEDs (20 mA);
• Power supply 6 V;
• Electric conductor cross-section 0.25 or 0.5 mm;
• A 100 ohm resistor;
• Rosin for soldering iron;
• Stationery or kitchen knife;
• Soldering iron;
• Gun for sealant ;
• solder;
• Silicone transparent sealant.

How to make a Christmas tree garland of light-emitting diodes

First you need to decide at what distance the diodes will be located. Then proceed as follows:

• The wire is unwound and the spot for the LEDs is marked with a marker. It is believed that the optimal distance between the two "lights" is 20-25 cm.
• In the marked places, the wire insulation (approximately 2 cm) is cut with a sharp knife.
• On the bare area, rosin is applied and the diode legs are soldered.
• With the help of a narrow adhesive tape and silicone enhance the fixation of the light element.
• Attach a resistor.
• Mount the power supply unit.

Design

Having dealt with the technical side of creating New Year's light garlands, it makes sense to get acquainted with some creative ideas for their design.

The simplest and most original option is to use multi-colored balls of thread, which then will be inserted bulbs. To make them, you need to dilute the PVA glue in water in a 1: 1 ratio. Then it is required to inflate a small balloon with a diameter of 6-7 cm and lubricate its surface with petroleum jelly or vegetable oil. Next, moisten the thread in the adhesive and wrap it around the base. It is important to leave a small uninspired area in order to insert a light bulb. When the glue dries, pierce the ball with a needle and gently extract it through the slit. Thus, the right amount of "plafonds" for light bulbs is produced.

To create a decor for a garland suitable and customary paper forms for cupcakes. They can be covered with a golden or silver paint from an aerosol can, and then make a cross-cut on the bottom to embed the lamp.

Having developed a creative approach, you can use the most unexpected objects to create a garland. For example, 10-12 shuttlecocks for badminton. They need to remove the "heads", paint the feathers or paste glitter on them, and then insert the light bulbs. You can also make flowers from paper. In this case, even ordinary colored napkins can come up.

Now you know how to make a Christmas tree switch yourself and collect such a Christmas decoration from the simplest components.