Rosehip: decorative, planting and care

Just want to note that the age of certain species of such plants reaches 400 years. It is the ancestor of all kinds of cultural roses.

About this amazing, elegant, unpretentious plant, the places of its growth, about the benefits and much more can be learned by reading this article. Here you can learn about how to breed a decorative dog rose and how to take care of it.

A shrub with bright numerous flowers represents a genus of wild-growing plants from the family of Rosaceae. As a rule, it is grown in gardens as a decorative bush and for obtaining fruits that have excellent beneficial properties.

Decorative dog rose: photo, description

The flower has many cultural forms that are bred with the name of the rose. He appreciates the beauty of the bush and the abundance of flowers and greens. Among other things, dog roses are much more unpretentious than magnificent exquisite park roses.

In the natural conditions of nature, they prefer the warm, temperate climate of the Northern Earth's hemisphere.

For the most part, these are shrubs that have a 2-meter height with slightly drooping branches. There are also species with fairly long branches, clinging to neighboring plants, or with creeping shoots on the ground. There are hips and in the form of low, but thick bushes, pillows, very attractive and decorative during their flowering.

The name of the plant was received in connection with the presence on it of sharp and strong spines, capable of causing definite troubles to any living creature.

Blossoming rosehips are decorative from May to July, and berries ripen in August-September, with the last fruits can remain on the bushes even until the winter.

Large flowers, mostly single, have a size of 5 centimeters in diameter. The corolla usually contains five white, pink or dark red petals. Also there is a huge number of stamens and pistils.

Closer to the evening the flowers on the bushes stack their petals, and by the morning they open again, and almost always at the same time. It should be noted that K. Linnaeus (Swedish botanist), rosehip included in the list of plants, which you can find out the time of day.

Look good branches of the dog rose, rich in original berries, in autumn floral arrangements and in dry bouquets. No wonder it is called a decorative dog rose.

Can I eat it? The answer to this question is given below.

Fruits: use

Spherical or ovoid-shaped fruits usually orange or red, fleshy, containing a large number of small seeds (fruit). The inner part of the fetal walls is covered with small hairs, and sepals remain on the upper surface.

Rosehip is beginning to bear fruit from about 3 years of age (sometimes from a 2-year-old), and the most plentiful crop of this plant is about 10-12 years old. Fruits are usually dried, and in the winter they brew and drink 1-2 glasses a day as a good vitamin drink. Also, fruits can be used to make jam, jam and compotes. Nice dog-rose and in the form of mashed potatoes and syrups.

Legend

There is a curious legend, widely known among the Cossacks of the Kuban.

One young Cossack woman, who lived in ancient times, fell in love with a brave and beautiful young man. They had a mutual love. And they swore to each other in fidelity for the rest of their lives. But the ataman of the village, who also liked the young Cossack for a long time, sent that young man to military service. At parting, the beloved gave his faithful and reliable dagger to the girl. After his wires, the ataman began to force the remaining girl without a girl to marry him. And yet the wedding did not happen because the bride just ran out of the festive table into the yard and stabbed herself with a dagger presented to her by her beloved. At the site of the fall of the scarlet drops of blood, a surprisingly beautiful shrub with bright flowers grew up. Ataman, who saw this beautiful plant, wanted to tear off the flower that attracted him. But suddenly the whole bush bristled with very sharp spines. He broke off all his hands so that he could not break any flowers.

In autumn the bush was covered with bright beautiful fruits. Somehow the old woman stopped by him and suddenly heard a barely audible voice, which said: "Take my berries, my grandmother, and make tea with them." Do not be afraid of thorns sharp, because they are meant for people who are not good. " Grandmother obeyed, gained fruits and, preparing an infusion of them, drank it. Immediately she felt as if she had grown young at once for ten years. Since then, all people have begun to use the magic miraculous fruit of the dog rose for medicinal purposes.

Places of growth

Only in Russia botanists identified more than 8 species of this plant. Prickly, surprisingly elegant bushes are found almost throughout the country. The only exception is the Far North.

Rosehip is a pretty light-loving plant, therefore in nature it prefers open edges, curbs of paths and forest roads, river and lake shores, thickets of bushes and mountain slopes. Often its thickets, forming huge curtains, penetrate and into populated areas. Often they are neighbors with elder.

Types of roses, often grown for decorative purposes - wrinkled hips (or rose rugosa), rose virgin. In Europe, the musk has settled down and is well spread. They are all decorative hips. Sorts of them are discussed below.

The most common varieties

All wild roses and wild rose berry fruits bear berries of different shades: bright red, orange, purple, brown and almost black berries. However, not all of them are of equal quality in their quality.

Below are the most valuable (in terms of the content of useful substances) berries of the following varieties of dog rose:

• May, or cinnamon, which is the most common species that grows in the central part of Russia. Individual bushes of this dog rose are found on forest glades and felling. When grown in the garden, he is very unpretentious to any soil conditions. Usually such species have high winter hardiness and excellent resistance to various diseases.

• Rose is prickly - also rosehip is decorative, which is often bred in urban squares and in front gardens. The bush is short, its branches are densely covered with spines. During the flowering period the plant is completely covered with fragrant snow-white flowers.

• A dog's rose, or an ordinary dog rose, is almost universally used as a hedge. Light pink fragrant flowers blossom in June, and in autumn the branches are decorated with beautiful orange-red fruits. This species has rather tall and spreading shrubs up to 2.5-3 meters and a powerful root system. This rosehip is decorative unpretentious, winter hardy and resistant to disease.

• French hips - the ancestor of ancient garden roses, including the famous in Europe medieval pharmacy rose. This species grows in Southern Europe, the Crimea and the European part of Russia. Low-branched undersized bushes have a height of less than one meter and often form dense thickets. Large flowers of this species have a magnificent bright red color.

Yellow Hips

This unusual decorative dog rose with yellow flowers (photo below) grows in Tien Shan, Pamir-Alai and Asia Minor. Grows, as a rule, in the mountains.

This plant is a very tall shrub (about 3 meters), with thin, long, often arched, shiny, pleated brown-red shoots. They are all densely covered with sharp straight spines, which alternate with small setae.

Non-panicled leaves of 5-9 egg-shaped leaves have a length of up to 4 cm. In color, they are on top of a greyish-green, and below are pubescent, bluish. Terry flowers are usually single, rarely found in 2-3 pieces, up to 7 centimeters in diameter. Their color is yellow, inside is reddish-red. Red fruits have a spherical shape.

This dog rose has a not very good characteristic: the flowers emit an unpleasant smell, as well as leaves.

Artificial rose: planting and care

What is important in the care of this plant?

The main work on growing this bush is as follows: loosening the soil, applying fertilizers, combating weeds, watering and pruning. Being unpretentious, the plant still fructifies well on soils rich in nutrients and well-treated. The timely removal of old shoots contributes to a good restoration of the bush and a longer preservation of the beautiful decorative appearance.

Pruning of decorative hips is performed before the growth begins only once a year (in early spring). It should be noted that the bush is considered more productive if it has uneven shoots.

How do the plants multiply?

How is decorative hips grown? Reproduction is mainly carried out with the help of root shoots, as well as layers, seeds and green or root cuttings.

The most common and simple method is the reproduction of offspring. For this, they should be harvested in autumn, choosing them from the most productive bushes. And the length of the part of the rhizome on the offspring should be about 15 centimeters, and on the above-ground part there should be a stump not larger than 5 cm. These offspring can be planted immediately on a permanent place, without any growth.

There is also a way to grow a decorative dog rose - seed propagation. For this, it is necessary to collect the ripe fruit of the dogrose, which has already begun to wrinkle, and put in pots filled with moistened soil. Closing them, leave for the winter period on the street to ensure the effect on the fruits of low temperatures, to ensure the successful germination of seeds. After frosts, it is necessary to pull berries from pots, to separate seeds and with the help of water in a vessel to check them for germination. Instances that are drowned can be sown in boxes and grown in a cold greenhouse.

More information on propagation by cuttings

What other way can I suggest to breed a decorative dog rose? Reproduction by cuttings is convenient for the autumn planting of this crop (in October-November). The landing pit should be about 0.2 meters deep. Rosehip does not respond very well to acidic soil, so it is necessary to liming the soil. You can add to the pit and compost, and the manure.

Gardeners are more experienced recommend before planting to cut the seedlings of dog rose shortly (the length of thick branches should not exceed 0.1 meters). And the roots can be shortened to 0.2 meters, as the cuts on the roots contribute to good plant survival.

After all these manipulations, the root system should be dipped in clay mass, then gently straightened. Plant should be so that the root neck is cut about 5 cm. Be sure to water the seedling and cover with sawdust and peat.

It is necessary to pay attention to the intervals between neighboring seedlings. A living decorative hedge can be obtained with a distance between plants 0.5 meters. Increasing the distance to 1 meter contributes to increased yield.

How useful is the dogrose?

Not only decoration in the gardens is a decorative dog rose. Many of its useful properties are known. Rosehip is valuable for its fruits, which are an excellent natural remedy and a tasty, healthy food additive.

Hips of wild rose contain a lot of vitamins and minerals necessary for the human body: rutin, carotene, iron, manganese, phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, organic acids and antioxidants.

The use of dogrose in food helps to strengthen immunity, increases the body's resistance to harmful bacteria and slows down the aging process.

Conclusion

Fine non-capricious dog-roses gave rise to a huge number of species (more than 200) of surprisingly beautiful roses, growing on Earth since ancient times (about 40 million years). These plants are almost inferior to cultural varieties in terms of their aroma and beauty. They are widely used in landscape design.

Among the huge variety of ornamental plants, it is wild roses and their hybrids that are widely popular and especially loved by flower growers: stems and shrubs for flower beds, especially in the foreground in planting groups with other flowers; Climbing species - for the original vertical gardening.

Different periods of flowering plants and a variety of colors make it possible to create fantastic ornamental compositions from rose hips and roses.

It is long to talk about these amazing colors. It should be remembered that the oldest legends were invented not about a rose, but about a rose hip bush. And the English royal coat of arms, preserved from the medieval times of the White and Scarlet Roses, depicts not a garden rose, but a flower of ordinary rose hips.