Repair the sewing machine with your own hands. Setting up the sewing machine

Repair of the sewing machine by one's own hands can often not be required at all, sometimes the tension of the upper and lower threads is sufficient. Usually, repairs are associated with a violation of the operating conditions, which are recommended by the manufacturer, as well as non-compliance with the rules for the selection of yarns and needles. The purpose of household sewing machines is sewing light fabrics, and thick and coarse - no. To sewing needles, too, there is a requirement - their sharpness should be sufficient, and the thickness should correspond to the thickness of fabrics and threads. The sewing machine requires periodic cleaning and lubrication. Repair of household sewing machines will not be necessary if all the rules of their operation are observed. This condition is mandatory for perfect and long-term operation of the device.

Main producers

Repair of the sewing machine "Podolsk" with electric or manual drive is easy to do by oneself, as usually there is only a need for minor adjustments and adjustments. The equipment of this type is very reliable, the shuttle stroke has such a structure that the position will not go astray, and this allows not to make constant regulation. The characteristics of sewing machines are such that the breakdowns can be different. Quite rarely it is necessary to establish the correct position of the needle bar, but it is easy to do by oneself, that is, there is no need for the services of a master. Before you start troubleshooting work, you need to remove traces of oil and stitch the threads that have accumulated on it.

The operation of the sewing machine can sometimes be accompanied by such unpleasantness as skipping stitches. This phenomenon has fairly simple reasons: incorrectly installed needle, thread and needle size are chosen for this fabric incorrectly, the tension of the threads is not adjusted correctly, the needle is twisted or blunt. Quite often the reason for missing stitches is the failure of the settings or parameters of the shuttle mechanism. The nose of the shuttle does not approach the needle properly, or the gap between the needle and the shuttle spout is excessively large. In this case, it is necessary to carry out complex repairs, it is necessary to adjust the interaction of the needle and the work of the shuttle device.

The sewing machine "Seagull"

Repair of sewing machines "Seagull" is a more complex measure, since the feature of this unit is the ability to perform zigzag lines. With this task is able to cope exclusively with a skilled experienced master. However, you can make certain adjustments and adjustments, that is, independently adjust the clearance between the needle and the nose of the shuttle. This parameter is the main reason for missing stitches for this sewing machine model. You can replace the belt for the sewing machine with your own hands, as well as correctly adjust its tension.

The main device of any device of this category is the sewing shuttle. From the setting of interaction with the shuttle and the condition of the needle, the quality of the equipment operation, absence of omissions, breakage of threads and other troubles depends. Its surface should be ideal, it should not contain any chipping and roughness, rust and other formations. The sewing shuttle is not repaired if it has jags or rust on it. In this case, the solution to the problem is only to replace it. In some cases, a spring plate can be replaced, the purpose of which is to adjust the tension of the threads.

Needle failure

Repair of household sewing machines may be required in the event that the device constantly breaks the needle. This is a sign that they need repairs. Sometimes needles break due to the fact that when sewing a seamstress pulls the fabric with his hand. It takes a little to increase the pressure on the fabric of the presser foot, and the racks of the rake raise higher, then the need for "assistance" to the device completely disappears. However, the cause of failure is often a malfunction of the shuttle. In this case, the master must repair the sewing machine with his own hands, adjust and adjust the operation of the main unit of equipment.

Do not try to solve the problems associated with the electric pedal yourself. There is really nothing to repair there. The engine can be in one of two states: operational or non-operating. If he stopped working, there will be only one way out of the situation - replace it. The main sign of the burnt out engine is the specific smell of burnt electrical wiring.

The device of the sewing machine is such that it can be assembled and disassembled by a professional master only, who knows about the features of its device and the electrical circuit used in it. And it is professionalism and experience that allow a specialist to quickly cope with the task. Most often, the pedal for the sewing machine breaks down due to the fact that the wires are tangled under their feet, rubbed, which gradually leads to their failure.

In some cases, it may be necessary to repair the sewing machine with one's own hands, for which it is necessary to disassemble the device, that is, remove its plastic casing, in order to obtain convenient access to certain parts. Such a need arises quite rarely, in particular, when replacing an electric motor or drive belt. Sometimes, to replace the first one, it is enough to remove only the lower and side cover. And to eliminate wedging mechanisms it is required to make a complete disassembly of equipment.

Stitching the stitching

More often than not, the most complicated repairs are connected with such an insignificant unpleasantness as the appearance on the line of periodic loops. The master sometimes has to check almost all nodes to eliminate it. Most often, the cause of this phenomenon is a notch or a scratch on the path of the thread. If we are talking about the typewriter "The Seagull", then the incorrect setting of the parameters of the running of the shuttle can serve as a reason. This type of repair is rather complicated, so it is difficult to perform without experience in the relevant field.

The most common problems

Most often as a malfunction sewing machines can be called a breakage, thread entanglement, breakage of needles. This depends, as previously noted, on the thickness and type of threads used, as well as on the width of the gap between the needle and the puller, pre-installed in advance. This problem concerns not only classic sewing machines, but also overlocks. In the latter tasks, the threadbreaker is placed on loopers that require an accurate installation to avoid missing stitches and other troubles. You can pay attention to the emergence of such troubles as the patch of stitches or the systematic breakage of threads. This may be due to too weak tension in the hooks or, conversely, too tight, and sometimes the thickness and quality of the thread does not match the material that needs to be processed. All of the listed faults are a frequent phenomenon in the machines of domestic production, in particular, "Podolsk" and "Seagull", and in foreign units almost never occur. In this case, you can repair the sewing machine yourself, but you can face more complex problems that require the intervention of qualified professionals.

Detailed description

The breaking of the upper thread can be associated with improper dressing, or when using yarns that are very old and have lost their original characteristics. The type of thread and its thickness may not correspond to the type of fabric to be sewn, and also the number of the needle inserted for work. Sometimes this is due to the weakening of the thread-holding spring of the bobbin case, which does not give the required tension of the thread. Repair of Brother sewing machines in this case is quite simple, for this there is a small screw on the cap itself, and in old models this spring is already losing its elasticity, so the right solution is to purchase a new bobbin case. In addition, if the old machine is used for a very long time, the thread itself can be made in the places of passing the cuts that need polishing. This is usually found on the rod of the upper thread tensioner and on the trays clamping the thread.

Bottom thread breakage

The first thing that should raise questions is the quality of the thread. If after its replacement nothing changes, then you can search further. In this case, you will have a very simple repair of the sewing machine with your own hands. It is possible that adjusting the pressure of the thread tension spring in the bobbin case caused the slot on the head of the adjusting screw, and this led to the formation of a notch or it began to protrude further than necessary. The thread-spring of the bobbin case itself could be rubbed so that it became sharp and began to cut the thread. In this situation, the situation will be corrected only by replacing the bobbin case.

Sometimes the problem is due to excessive tugging of the thread in the bobbin case. Much depends on the used bobbins, so it is worth changing them more often. Long-term use leads to their grinding, and when falling even from the table it is possible to get significant deformations, which affects the quality of the seam. The first sign that the bobbin has deteriorated is the repetition of the stitch defect every 5-6 cm. Bobbins often have cracks and jaggies that appear as a result of needle breakage, and this makes them completely unsuitable for later use.

Ugly Stitch

If an ugly stitch is visible, there is an uneven tension in the threads, then it is likely that the winding of the thread onto the bobbin took place without proper pulling by the clamping spreader, and this leads to an uneven winding of the thread on the bobbin. During sewing when unwinding the bobbin, the yarn is unwound under different radii, and this is the source and uneven tension, resulting in an ugly stitch. If the thread is wound evenly on the bobbin, then it evenly unwinds. You can not wind the threads manually, since the subsequent scrolls are linked to the previous ones, and this affects the quality of the line worse, because even the spring of the bobbin case clamping the thread is unable to compensate for this uneven winding.

Too little tension of the lower thread leads to its tangling and the appearance of breakages, similarly occurs when the upper tension is too tight. Repairing the sewing machine with your own hands in this case consists in adjusting the tension of the threads. It is required to hold the threaded thread with the bobbin in the cap for the end, in weight, release it into the free fall, making sure that the unwinding of the thread takes place no more than 5-6 cm. If this does not happen, then adjust the adjusting screw on the bobbin case.

Between the thread clamping plates of the upper tensioner, the seal can eventually creep, which prevents the adjustment of the thread tension to the desired value. It is striped from threads, which are mixed with dust, engine oil and rust. A thread can stick in this dirt and just tear. To remove them, use a hard brush that comes with the sewing machine, or use an old toothbrush.

It also happens that the machine has an excessively low tension of the upper thread or the lower thread is tightened more than necessary. The bobbin case also has a thread take-up plate, so it's worth checking if there are any stains or dirt under it. All this must be removed if necessary. Given that the bobbin case is quite simple in terms of device, it also sometimes causes a substandard line. A long time of work can cause the thread to penetrate the groove under the plate, so it will no longer stretch as required. In this case, repairing the sewing machine with your own hands is simple - just replace the bobbin case.

If you notice that the thread tension is too strong or too weak, you need to add or weaken it. If your sewing experience is not too great, it may be problematic to understand where the upper thread is and where the lower thread is. The most correct thing is to fill the threads of the same number, but in different colors, then the seam will be very visual. In his mind you will understand which thread needs to be weakened, and which is in pulling.

Poor tissue advancement. Uneven stitches

In this case, you first need to adjust the presser foot pressure. It is necessary to check the horizontal position of the foot, it is possible that it presses the fabric not with the whole area, that is not completely. The device of the sewing machine is such that sometimes the height of the lifting of the rack does not coincide with the required level. If the rise is too low, you can observe how the stitch is tiny or completely standing still. The teeth must not come into direct contact with the presser foot, only in this case it is possible to avoid their blunting. Place a piece of paper or a piece of cloth under the foot. Some models of machines are equipped with the mode of switching the lifting height of the feeding teeth to the embroidery mode, you should find this switch, and then switch to sewing mode. Sometimes the height of the clamping teeth does not correspond to the embroidery mode, nor sewing. Sewing medium-thick fabrics assumes that the correct position of the rack corresponds to one that provides full extension of the teeth above the surface of the needle plate when it fully rises. At a higher position, the probability is high that the tissue will shrink and pile, giving the effect of "planting".

Needle breakage

Repair of household sewing machines often consists in the need to replace the needle. In this case it is important to understand what is the cause of its breakdown. It may simply not correspond to the number of the fabric that you are stitching. It should be visually checked whether the needle itself is bent, it can also be bent or broken off the tip, it's easy to check with a fingernail. When it slides off the tip of the needle, it will surely catch on to a burr. Sometimes it turns out that the needle is inserted in the needle holder not to the end, that is not to its full length. Sometimes the needle when sewing a straight construction is not in the central position, but somewhere on the left or right of the center, and when sewing with a zigzag, it breaks. In this case, it is required to check the curvature of the yarn feeder and needle holder. It is possible that the second has shifted from its level. You can install it in the desired position experimentally. And it does not matter what kind of sewing machine you have, the instructions to it in any case do not contain such specific information.

When sewing, it is strictly forbidden to pull the fabric by hand, this leads to only one result: it carries along a needle that follows the needle plate, which leads to the breakdown of the first. In this case, you need to understand why the fabric in your typewriter goes badly.

Skipping stitches at the sewing machine can be associated with misplacing the needle, for example, backwards, or the tip of the hook extractor is unable to grip the upper thread. Sometimes the cause is blunted tip of the needle, or it can completely break off, and the needle may be bent. It must be checked by rotating it to the clearance to ensure there are no defects. If they are, then the solution is only one - the replacement of the needle. When buying needles, it is also important to be careful, since they can be targeted to other machine models, that is, to treat some special standard that is not suitable for you.

It is possible that some parts for sewing machines are out of order. For example, the work of the upper needle part and the shuttle device could be out of sync. In this case, you must contact the workshop or call a specialist. It is quite possible to repair Singer sewing machines at home, but everything depends on the complexity of the breakdown and your level of knowledge associated with this problem. You can spend a lot of time on the experimental selection of the position of the nodes and mechanisms of the device.

"Herringbone" and "point"

Many craftsmen have favorite questions concerning the repair of equipment. In the case of sewing machines, they can touch the appearance of the "Christmas tree" instead of the line and the visibility of "points" from the upper thread. The answer to these questions is only one - you need to use threads of suitable thickness. It is not important, the sewing machine you use or electric, the problem can appear at any time. It should be noted that on shirts of industrial production you can see beautiful even lines, where the thread is much thinner than the store "forties". In our stores it is difficult to find quality yarns that have a thickness of less than 50. With the length of stitch 3 in costume fabrics, thread No. 40 gives an ideal stitch on any equipment. And when trying to flash thin silk for it, there are problems in the form of a "Christmas tree", which is visible in all its glory, regardless of the features of the shuttle used.

Electric drive

Sewing machine electric is characterized by the fact that it includes such an important component as an electric drive. This part of it is the most important, so if the engine goes down, then repair is quite expensive. However, sometimes it is enough to replace the belt for the sewing machine. It will cost less, even with the services of a master. Replace the pedal for a sewing machine is also not too expensive. The most expensive will be the repair of the motor itself, it is often more expedient to buy a new device. Replace the belt for the sewing machine if it breaks. But in any case, before you begin to eliminate any troubles, you need to understand the causes of the breakdown.

Of course, not all malfunctions can be eliminated by themselves. And the list indicated here is far from complete, but with a certain desire, everything can be done quite quickly. Having the necessary spare parts for sewing machines, you can easily perform all the work.