Remizov Alexey Mikhailovich: biography, selected works and features of creativity

Unique Russian writer Remizov Alexei Mikhailovich remained in the literature as a bright stylist, creator of his own artistic world and "dreaming" method of writing. His life was full of emotions, eccentricities, love. Having lived most of his biography in emigration, he preserved the traditions and spirit of Russian literature. He left a decent literary heritage, which greatly enriched Russian culture.

Childhood and family

Alexey Remizov was born in a wealthy merchant family on June 24, 1877 in Moscow. His mother belonged to the old Russian Naidenov family, known for observing traditions and rituals. His uncle NA Naidenov, the mother's brother, was the founder of a large Russian bank and the chairman of the Moscow Stock Exchange Society. He was a man of great erudition, he was engaged in researching the history of Moscow, he sponsored the restoration and preservation of monuments. His richest library was one of the best in the city, and Alexei Remizov read a lot of books thanks to this. In her early years, Alexei's mother was noted for her advanced views, participated in the Bogorodsky circle of nihilists, but an unhappy love story pushed her to a marriage with the owner of the fancy shop Remizov.

The couple had five children, the youngest of whom was the future writer, but there was no happiness in the family. Maria Aleksandrovna, tired of torment in marriage, took the children and returned to her parents' house. Her broken, full of suffering destiny became the basis for many female images in the works of AM Remizov. His father was the son of a simple peasant, with all his successes he owes exclusively to his diligence. But his influence on Alexei turned out to be minimal, since the children in the family were almost always in the care of the servants, and the father died quite early in 1883. But the influence of his uncle, NA Naidenov, to which Alexei was very similar, was great. Remizov always spoke of him with pride, although their relations were not smooth.

Since childhood, Alexei was rich in imagination and craving for mischief. His hobbies childhood - music, drawing, theater - stayed with him for life. Strong short-sightedness prevented him from receiving a systemic musical education, but beneficially influenced the development of fantasy. The playful beginning of life, which he took for himself as the main, accompanied him all the following years.

Years of study

Alexei Remizov studied at home first, he, like his brother, was given a good basic education: foreign languages, literature, the basics of mathematics, geography, history. This allowed at 7 years Alexei with ease to enter the gymnasium. But because of poor health, he missed many classes, and they were transferred to the commercial school with his brother, NA Naidenov was on the board of trustees. This transfer closed for Remizov the opportunity to enter the university in the future with a scholarship.

Since the school years, Alexey has an excellent handwriting and possession of calligraphy. At the end of the school, the guardians strongly recommended him to take the accountant's place in the uncle's bank. But Remizov decided in his own way and entered as an auditor at the natural faculty of Moscow University, with the right to attend lectures, including at the philosophical and law faculties.

Social activity

After the first course Remizov goes on a journey abroad, which became fatal for him. From abroad, he brings a suitcase of banned literature, this has caused close attention to him from the police. On the day of the memory of the victims of Khodynka, Alexei participates in mass gatherings, for which he was detained by the police, then he was accused of organizing riots and exiled for two years to Penza. There, he only aggravated his position by entering the circle of V. Meyerhold. This led to new accusations and exile to the Vologda region for three years under the supervision of the police. In Vologda he happened to get acquainted with many Russian philosophers and public figures. Also, there were several fateful events with him: he met his future wife, finally realized his creative destiny and forever rejected revolutionary activity for himself.

The first literary experiments

Ibid, in Vologda, Remizov Alexei Mikhailovich prints his first texts in the newspaper "Courier". He begins to write under the influence of Veselovsky's work on the Russian verse. At the same time, the first edition of the novel "The Pond" appears, in which he anticipated the traditions of existential literature.

The Kiev period

After the link, Alexei Mikhailovich Remizov, a great talent writer, comes to Kherson, as he is forbidden to live in the capitals. Then he moves to Kiev, here he collaborates with Meyerhold, who creates a theater studio. Remizov manages the repertoire of the theater.

Petersburg period

In 1905, the writer was allowed to return to St. Petersburg, where he entered the service in the Vyach journal. Ivanova "Questions of life." He closely approached the circle of Petersburg modernists, especially with Vyacheslav Ivanov, under whose influence Remizov wrote a book of fairy tales "Posolon". A little later the writer issues a collection of apocrypha "Limonar", which received a wide response among intellectuals. In 1910, the novel "The Cross Sisters" was published, which showed mature Remizov - the continuer of the best traditions of Russian literature. In the Petersburg period he writes a lot, improving his artistic manner. The biography and books of the author become well known to the wide Russian readership. Remizov Alexey in 1912 released in the publishing house Vyach. Ivanova 8-volume collection of his works. By 1917, he was already a popular, held writer.

Revolution

Remizov Alexei Mikhailovich met both revolutions without enthusiasm, long ago not believing in the possibility of a forceful transformation of society. He took the coup of 1917 as a metaphorical fire, in the fire of which a new world is born. But he understood that these events would cause great suffering for the people. After the revolution, Remizov wrote a lot of journalistic texts, in which he comprehends what is happening through associations with the Troubles of the 17th century. The peak of this activity was the work "The Word of the Destruction of the Russian Land." This text was a complex polyphonic narrative. So there was a new genre in the work of Remizov. The situation in the country and the state of health forced the writer to begin in 1920 the trouble of traveling abroad.

Emigration

On August 7, 1921, Alexei Mikhailovich Remizov, whose books were closely related to Russia, left his homeland. He was sure that he was leaving for a short while, but it turned out that forever. First he comes to Berlin. For two years he was in a state of uncertainty, filed a petition for return to the Soviet Union. However, in November 1923 the family Remizov moved to Paris. The reasons for this choice remained unknown. Here they will live until the end of their days. Remizov Alexei Mikhailovich, whose biography has been associated with Paris for many years, continued to consider himself part of Russia all his life. During the Second World War, he actively empathized with the Soviet Union. The years of emigration have become very productive for the writer. He writes a lot, continues to draw, in the 30 years even earns drawings for food.

Personal life

Remizov Alexei Mikhailovich was for many years happy in marriage. In 1903 he married Serafima Pavlovna Dovgello in Vologda. She was fond of anthropology, ethnography, was an active member of the Archaeological Institute in St. Petersburg. His wife had a strong influence on Remizov, taught him a lot. In 1904 the couple had a daughter, Natalia. In 1943, when Serafima Pavlovna died, Remizov plunged into a long period of despondency, and until the end of days he yearned for her.

The writer died on November 26, 1957 in Paris.

Writing style and main works

The writer Remizov Alexey Mikhailovich became an example of a synthetic letter combining folklore, symbolic, existential motives. "Vortical Russia", "Iverian", "Cross Sisters" - these works became a model of his unique manner, plotless, associative and emotive prose. In them, weave and dream, reality and myths. Sleep becomes a source of knowledge about the world, a harbinger of the future. Alexei Mikhailovich Remizov, whose selected works are now part of the school and university courses, in Russia experienced a long period of oblivion. During the years of perestroika, his name returned to his homeland. Today the best works of Remizov - "Limonar", "Clock", "Kukhka", "Vzvikhrennaya Rus" occupy a worthy place in the domestic literature.