Rare plants of Russia: photo

Rare plants and animals of Russia are endangered species that have been listed in the Red Book. Actions aimed at preserving the natural resources of the country are urgent, and an important role is played by the creation of reserves. In this article, we will look at some of the rarest plant species in Russia.

Causes of extinction

The main reason for the disappearance of plants is man's economic activity: grazing, frequent plowing of land, construction of industrial enterprises and cities, railroads and highways, airfields, gas and oil pipelines, power lines, drainage of swamps. This all leads to the alienation of territories that are occupied by flora and fauna. Due to which some species of plants and animals disappear.

Preservation of rare plants

The main role in preserving our plant resources is assigned to arboretums and botanical gardens, of which there are 120 in Russia. We have a network of reserves covering the main types of landscapes. Also, sanctuaries were created, the purpose of which is to protect certain rare plants of Russia.

But some of them in nature are present in so small a quantity that neither botanical gardens nor reserves can not ensure their safety. Consequently, other forms of saving their gene pool are being developed.

The species that were listed in the Red Book are protected throughout the country. Actions that can lead to a reduction in numbers, to death, as well as to the disturbance of habitats endangered by complete extinction and rare plants, are prohibited.

Rhodiola rosea

Considering rare plants of Russia, photos of which are presented in this article, you can immediately mention the rhodiola rosea (it is also known under the names "pink root", "golden root"). It is included in the Red Book of our country.

The plant was named "golden root" by its rhizome, which has the color of old gilding or bronze with a soft mother-of-pearl outflow.

Anemonastrum Permian

This plant species was included in the Red Book of the Urals. Its name is translated from Greek as "wind". It is a perennial herbaceous plant, belongs to the family Lyutikovye. The stems and leaves of it are covered with horizontally protruding, dense, slightly deviated hairs. In the outline, the root leaves are rounded-kidney-shaped, divided into 3 rhombic segments, while the lateral ones are almost completely bipartite. But the leaves covered, mostly separate - up to 2/3, periodically whole. Peduncles average 2-6 pieces. At the very beginning of flowering, they are equal in length to the leaves of the veil, then longer than several times. Strongly elongated with fruits, pubescent with thin, sparse, slightly curly hairs. The plant flowers are 2-3 cm in diameter, in the perianth the leaves are white, elliptical. The fruit is about 7 mm long.

Violet notched

It should be noted that this is one of the most delicate and beautiful flowers. It can be found in meadows, fringes of coniferous forests, river banks, stony slopes. The main charm of the flower is its purple corollas. This species reproduces by means of seeds, and they are formed not every year, hence, the fragrant violet was also included in the list "Rare plants of Russia".

Yellow Water Lily

She got her name from the nearest relative - a white water lily. It grows in shallow water, while its leaves are located under and over water. The yellow water lily was officially called "kubyshka" for an interesting fruit. It blooms all summer with yellow, large, almost spherical flowers. They are used for bouquets (even though they are not in the vase), as well as for medicinal purposes (even official medicine recognizes the properties of the plant).

Bells dolomitic

It is a flower that grows only in our country, in Ingushetia, North Ossetia, Kabardino-Balkaria, Dagestan, and the Chechen Republic. It has white, very beautiful flowers, located on thin long peduncles. It is torn down because of the decorative appearance, in addition, its numbers are falling very sharply due to construction work and the laying of roads in the places where it grows.

Lily of the locust

Speaking about the rarest plants in Russia, it is impossible not to mention this species. Lily saranka (badun, curly, royal curls, buttercup) - lovely snow-white, pink or lilac with small dark dots flowers with curled petals that bloom in the middle of summer. The native land of this lily is the Siberian forest-steppe and steppe. There is a legend that she gives courage, strength of spirit, steadfastness and courage to soldiers. The flower is very beautiful in bouquets, while its tubers are edible. But, apart from beauty, it also has healing properties, which further contributed to its destruction.

Fingerbreadth spotted

He is referred to the Orchid family. It occurs in the European part of the country. In the beginning of summer on the racemose inflorescences appear violet flowers, surrounded by spotted leaves. In addition to decorative, these rare plants of Russia, or rather, their tubers, have medicinal properties. The powder of them has enveloping, anti-inflammatory, softening and restorative effect.

Rare and Endangered Plants in Russia: Iris Yellow

Iris yellow (marsh, mozzarea, watery) grows in the European part of the country, along the banks of rivers and lakes, in meadows near swamps. On the branched stem are placed light yellow flowers with orange center. The essential oil is made from the plant, applying it later in perfumery, and the rhizomes, which have a tender violet aroma, are used in the production of liqueurs, wines, in the confectionery industry.

Peony finelygreen

This flower was very common in the sixties of the last century throughout the USSR. Today its population has sharply decreased. It is very popular and very expensive in Western Europe, Canada and the USA. Begins to blossom in the middle of May, unforgettably and brightly. In the adult bush there can be several dozens of flowers of a rich red hue with yellow anthers.

Rare Russian Plants: Venus Slippery Seashell

A beautiful and refined flower of our forests is the Venus shoe mottled. This plant is found in the Far East and Siberia. This flower lives in mixed and coniferous forests. Two bright green broad leaves cover an elegant stem, the flower spike is released in mid-June. It ends with a bud, which soon turns into a small shoe. In the Russian forests, there are 3 species of this plant: a slipper Yatabe, makranton and calceolus.

The Calceolus has a yellow lip, and the cap of the shoe and long petals have a burgundy-brown hue. On the peduncle there can be 2-4 flowers. But in macranton they are covered with a fine mesh of lines of burgundy shade along the red-violet or purple field. At the same time the slipper of Yataba is colorful, with purple and yellow specks.

It is interesting that even a single such flower is very effective. If you see a few of them, it captures the spirit from admiration. These flowers tremendously smell, exuding an exquisite aroma. And everyone has his own. All the shoes develop very long and blossom only in the 18th year.