Protectionism policy

The policy of protectionism is state patronage in the economic sphere. It manifests itself as a fence of the country's domestic market from the appearance of foreign goods on it. The policy of protectionism also provides for the promotion of the export of competitive goods to foreign markets. The task of this form of state protection is to stimulate the development of the state economy, to protect it from foreign competition through non-tariff and tariff regulation.

The increasing global globalization makes it necessary to develop an adequate policy of protectionism, thereby increasing the competitiveness of Russian goods in national and international markets. The manifestation of political activity of the state in certain spheres will enable domestic producers to adapt quickly and effectively to the conditions of global economic development in the post-crisis period.

It should be noted that in different historical periods, the economic policy of the Russian state tended toward free trade, and towards protectionism. At the same time, there was no clear acceptance of any of the extreme forms. At the same time, an absolutely open economy, with unlimited turnover, the movement of technology, labor and capital across national borders, is not inherent in any state.

For many centuries, political and economic figures have argued that it is better - a policy of protectionism, allowing domestic production to develop, or free trade, which makes it possible to compare the international and national costs of the industry directly.

The international economy of the 1950s-1960s was characterized by liberalization and adherence to freedom in foreign trade. With the advent of the 1970s, another trend is noted, in which protectionism is predominantly used. The states began to separate themselves from each other gradually, using more and more sophisticated tariff, and in particular non-tariff barriers. Thus, the defense of its domestic market from foreign competition was carried out.

Protectionism policy can be aimed at the permanent protection of domestic strategic industries from foreign competition. This, in turn, ensures the country's invulnerability in the conditions of military operations.

The fencing of the internal market can be temporary. As a rule, this condition applies to newly created economic sectors. Temporary measures can be lifted upon the achievement of production spheres of necessary competitiveness with similar spheres of other states.

The state can apply a protectionist policy as a response to similar measures that protect the economy in other countries.

Economic measures of the state to protect their domestic market can take several forms:

- sectoral form (protection of a separate industry is carried out);

- selective form (protection from a particular state or goods is carried out);

- a collective form (protection is exercised by several unified countries);

- the latent form (application in protection not customs ways).

It should be noted that the Russian economy today has low competitiveness in comparison with the economies of other countries. In this regard, it is likely that in a developing global economy, the Russian state can take a place that weakly reflects its true potential, both scientific and technical and natural resources. Thus, it is likely that the country is becoming a mere supplier of resources for countries that are more developed industrially. However, the policy of protectionism in Russia can influence the development of this process.