Preparing the onion for sowing in spring. How to plant onions

Correctly planted onions - this is the guarantee of the future harvest. There are several methods of cultivation, that's why every vegetable grower chooses the optimal, the most convenient for himself. How to grow a good crop of onion-seedling? This question is asked by almost all beginners. The secrets of this process, of course, are, and we will disclose them in our article. Every step is important here. This is the preparation of onion for planting in the spring, and care for crops, and harvesting, and even autumn tillage for future planting.

Best grades

Planting onion-sieve has its advantages. First, it has an earlier maturity. Secondly, onion-seedling is more resistant to diseases, for example, powdery mildew and onion fly. Thirdly, it requires less feeding for good growth. Among the shortcomings can be identified one - a greater probability of the formation of arrows. The diameter of the bulbs for planting should be about 1-2 centimeters. Such material has high germination and early maturation. Sweet varieties of onions are best planted with the use of seedlings. The steep variety of Stuttgart Riesen is very early maturity. Centurion has a sharp taste and good storage performance. For the landing podzimney better to take varieties Radar, Herculesi Troy and Stuttgart Riesen. Bulbs should be healthy, free from stains and mold marks. Seed should not be wet. Otherwise, it must be scattered and dried. It is better to buy onions at a time when the temperature rises above zero. If possible, you need to sort it out. Different size onions are planted separately, which facilitates the care of it. Small bulbs grow from the small seed material, and large bulbs can go into the arrow. Before consumption, it is necessary to warm the seeds at room temperature. This preparation of onion-seed for planting in the spring improves germination and yield.

Sites for sowing

Landing onions in spring (on the head, on the pen - does not matter) requires the preparation of the soil. The choice of a site is very important. It is better to take a territory that is early liberated from snow. Bow-sevok likes sunny, well-ventilated areas. This will protect future crops from powdery dew. The soil must be fertile and without weeds. Re-planting onions on the same site is undesirable. It would be better if in the previous season tomatoes, beans, cabbage, peas, pumpkins or zucchini grew on the site.

Preparation of beds

It is better to start the preparation of the site in the autumn. The soil is dug to the depth of the shovels and leveled. It is possible during this period to fertilize the soil or to make unmerciful manure a year before sowing. In the spring, the bed is loosened or dug into half a shovel to keep the lower wet layer. It is possible to impregnate the soil with any suitable mineral fertilizer. It is made from the calculation of 100 grams per square meter.

Planting onions with seeds

One way to plant onions is by seeds. For seeding, choose the time, which depends on climatic features. But by this moment the land must warm up and freeze. Usually this is the first day of May. Seeds are pre-soaked in advance to accelerate germination. The soil is dug and loosened. It is necessary to sustain an interval of 20-30 centimeters between rows and 4-5 centimeters between bulbs. Seeds are embedded in the soil and sprinkled with earth from above. You can also cover the bed with a film until the first shoots appear.

Preparation of seeding

Preparing the onion for sowing in spring is a very important stage. For 2-3 weeks it must be sorted and sorted. The selected healthy bulbs are then heated at 40 degrees for 8 hours and at a temperature of 45-47 degrees for about 10-12 hours. This procedure reduces the risk of arrows and various diseases. There is another preparation of onion-seedling for planting in the spring. Soaking accelerates the emergence of seedlings and increases yield. It is carried out in a solution of slurry and microelements. Five parts of organic fertilizer are used for one part of the mineral preparations. Such preparation of onion-seedling for planting in the spring - soaking, sorting and warming - are the best measures for a good harvest. It can be soaked in a 1% solution of copper sulfate.

Landing

Before sowing, the surface of the bed is slightly rolled up so that it is even. This will facilitate seeding. Then a shallow groove is marked on the surface. The distance between the rows should be about 20-25 centimeters. How to plant a bow-seedling? The depth of embedment in the soil is 2-4 centimeters. It all depends on the size of the bulbs. With a deep seal, the shape of the future crop will be slightly elongated. If you plant the onion-sowok too finely, then the future harvest will be in jeopardy. The root system pushes the bulbs to the surface. They will be deformed. The onions collected in autumn will be tasteless. Plant the seed material at a distance of 7-8 centimeters from each other. First, plant small bulbs, which are less than a centimeter in diameter. They do not form arrows. After 1-2 weeks, plant a larger seed material (1-2 centimeters). Large bulbs, planted too early, can go to the shooter. In the prepared rows are planted onion-sowok, from above sprinkle it with earth. Above the seed material should be 2-3 centimeters of soil.

Timing of crops

It is necessary to know not only how to plant a bow-seedling correctly. Accurately predicted planting dates significantly increase yield. If the seed is small, then it is planted very early. Spring frost onions are not terrible, it will transfer them perfectly. In addition, small specimens rarely form arrows, and early sowing improves this indicator. Larger bulbs plant later. It is necessary to wait for warming and the termination of frosts. Early landing can lead to abundant arrows formation. That is why it is important to prepare the onion-seed for planting in the spring (especially its sorting).

Care of plantings

Knowing how to plant a bow on the head is very important. But an important role is played by the subsequent care. First time planting requires careful watering. The bed must always be moist, it must not be allowed to dry out. This contributes to the active development of leaves, and subsequently bulbs. If there is not enough moisture, then the harvest will be sluggish and poorly formed. This is the minimum condition that is not so difficult to fulfill. Also we must not allow the growth of weeds. They should not interfere with the full growth of onions. Loosening the soil is a prerequisite for a good harvest. After emergence of sprouts, it is necessary to loosen the soil in the aisles. You can not allow the formation of a crust, but do not pour the soil on the bulbs. In the period of growth, arrows may appear. They must be removed, but not immediately. The best time for this is the appearance of thickening at the base of the plant.

Top dressing of plants

How to plant a bow - on the head or pen, there is not much difference. The main thing is to comply with all the requirements. Top dressing is a good help for improving growth. When the height of the leaves reaches 10-15 centimeters, you can make the first application of fertilizers. To do this, you can use a solution of 10 grams of urea, 5-10 grams of potassium chloride and 10-15 grams of superphosphate. For better development of the bulbs, you can carry out urea fertilization. It is taken at the rate of one tablespoon per bucket of water. The second top dressing can be done at the beginning of bulb formation. For this, phosphate-potassium fertilizers are used. To prevent diseases, plants can be sprayed with a solution of copper sulfate (spoon dinette for 10 liters of water).

Harvest

Before harvesting (this is about the end of July), watering the onions is stopped. At this point, the bulb ripens. If you do not stop watering, then the plant will go into a state of rest and not gain the necessary juices. The necessary ripening will not occur, and the storage of the future harvest will be complicated. Cleaning the onion is carried out when the base of the plant dries, and the leaves wither and fall to the ground. To do this, it is better to choose sunny and dry weather. Otherwise, the whole harvest will be spoiled. It is necessary to harvest carefully. Bulbs should not be spoiled or scratched. The harvest should be carefully dried. For this, open solar areas are selected. During this period it is necessary to exclude the ingress of moisture on the onions. Lay the crop in a well-ventilated container, preferably - boxes, and store in a dry place. Using all the techniques of growing, you can get a rich harvest. As you can see, there is nothing complicated in this procedure, like planting onions in the spring. The secrets of experienced truck farmers will help you get a good harvest and keep it for several months.