Pre-hospital care for myocardial infarction

Recently, doctors are increasingly sounding the alarm: myocardial infarction has grown younger. Now it can happen with a forty- and even thirty-year-old man. How to recognize it and what needs to be done before the ambulance arrives?

Before you learn how to properly do pre-medical care, you should determine what kind of disease it is. First of all, it is associated with damage to the heart muscle, necrosis occurs in this area due to blood flow disorders. In most cases, it is associated with an atherosclerotic disorder of the arteries feeding the human body. The acute phase usually lasts from two hours to a day. It is for this period that the maximum level of mortality from this pathology is necessary. At the same time, the first phase of pre-hospital care and therapeutic measures that are aimed at limiting the infarction zone and providing preventive measures against sudden death are most effective at the same phase.

Symptoms of a heart attack

Pain in the heart is an important sign of the development of the disease. The nature of these sensations: pressing, burning, squeezing, rending. Patients say that it hurts in the heart or behind the breastbone. Often given to the left shoulder or arm, there may be discomfort under the scapula, in the neck or in the lower jaw. Quite often elderly people with discomfort in the heart are drinking nitroglycerin. But in this case the pain does not go away after it is taken. These symptoms can occur with angina pectoris, however, with the described disease they are more pronounced and intense.

First, emergency first aid

1. The patient should be conveniently located on the couch or armchair. If he does not want to lie, do not insist on it. This is due to the fact that patients, with the onset of manifestations of heart failure, begin to subconsciously choose for themselves the optimal position of the body.
2. Give nitroglycerin under the tongue. However, it is worthwhile to be careful, since this medicine has contraindications. It, for example, can not be drunk if the pressure is below 90 mm Hg. With cerebral blood flow and cerebral circulation disorders, etc. Etc. You can give it often enough until the pain goes away, but no more than three tablets at a time. Providing pre-medical care, it is worth considering that nitroglycerin begins to act in one or three minutes, but sometimes causes a severe headache.
3. Pour the basin with hot water and lower the legs there. On them to put plaits, but not Very much pulling. This must be done in order to reduce the return of blood to the heart, thereby partially unloading it. It is also advisable to open a window to allow access to fresh air in a patient with suspected myocardial infarction.
4. First aid will be needed especially if the arrival of doctors is delayed. In this case, an injection of an anesthetic should be made . However, pre-medical care in this case is possible only with the use of drugs that do not cause allergy in the patient. Approach can, including, and analgin.
5. You can give a sedative. But it is worth remembering that it can strengthen the action of pain medications.
6. In the provision of pre-hospital care, it is necessary to include both pressure and pulse measurements every five minutes. If the heart rate is increased, then 25 mg of atenol will help avoid arrhythmia.

Remember that the life of a loved one can depend on your correct actions in a critical situation.