Physiological adaptation of man

The process of adaptation is called the change in the parameters of the vital activity of the organism, which are adequate to the changed external situation. Physiological adaptation is of two kinds - urgent and long. Sometimes these two species can pass one after another, sometimes separately.

When an urgent adaptation to the body is affected by an unusual force, which changes the response of the stimulus. The answer can be either of the whole organism or of one organ or system. Mainly physiological adaptation occurs due to the homeostatic system - its function is to regulate the work of various systems of organs. To start, changes are started at the energy level, and then on the plastic one. Usually this is enough to make an adaptation at the physiological level, otherwise mobilization of all body resources begins.

Urgent physiological adaptation first of all triggers redundant structures. For example, the vital activity of the human body may well be provided by one lung. In a state of relaxation and rest, the lungs work exactly at half their power, but when exposed to an unusual factor, air consumption increases many times. At the same time, a blood system is ready for use , which pumps and enriches oxygen six times the volume of blood than usual.

When overstated requirements are imposed on the body, it begins to work more actively, and therefore consumes more of the human body. This reserve reserve and provides the possibility of urgent physiological adaptation. In this case, the body spends an enormous amount of energy, which is clearly not enough in cells in the form of adenosine triphosphate. In order to compensate for the lack of energy, there is a large consumption of oxygen in order to react with proteins, fats and carbohydrates.

Long-term physiological adaptation occurs most often with the systematic stimulus of the stimulus, its periodic occurrence. This happens in climbers, athletes, etc. As a result of such a permanent impact, the body produces the necessary adaptive mechanisms, the action of which does not fade away, but is activated in the presence of an irritant factor. At the same time, there is no need to start adaptation according to the urgent principle - the organism quite adequately perceives the stimulus, it already has an active supply of necessary parameters that do not allow the body to experience stress. That is why a quick run for a runner-athlete is the norm that supports his physical form, and for an untrained person there is a huge stress that can lead to serious consequences during adaptation.

Most often a person faces in his life with labor adaptation. Here it is necessary not only to consider the stage of socialization in a new collective, but also the perception by the human body of the changed environmental conditions. At the same time, even changing the daily schedule (for example, an earlier rise than usual) can permanently lead the body out of its working state until adaptive factors are fully operational. Here you can also include a change in the mode of eating, changing the diet, which can also negatively affect the health status. It is especially hard for people who change their intellectual work to physical (and vice versa). In this case, the body will need a longer work adaptation with the involvement of all systems and organs.

Adaptation of a person occurs at various stages of his life in various forms. In order for it to pass painlessly, it is possible to apply a number of measures that increase the protective forces of the organism, for example, hardening. This is a great way to not only strengthen your health, but also to train strong-willed qualities.