Operation on the nose: where to make and what complications happen? How is the operation on the septum of the nose

Already in ancient times people were able to correct physical and cosmetic defects of the nose with the help of surgical intervention. Such manipulations were very painful, since the medicine was not yet sufficiently developed, and the material for transplantation had to be taken from the forehead or cheeks of the patient. Operation on the nose today belongs to a variety of easily tolerable. Full rehabilitation takes no more than 10 days. In some cases, the elimination of flaws is of vital importance for the normal functioning of the patient.

Rhinoplasty

Operative intervention aimed at changing the shape of the nose and eliminating various physiological defects is called rhinoplasty. This practice was born in ancient India. There are 3 stages in its development. The beginning of the first of them dates from around 1000 BC. At this time, the operations were very rude and were aimed, first of all, at restoring the normal appearance of people who were injured by an unjust verdict of the court.

After a fairly long time, rhinoplasty becomes fashionable in Europe. From 1400 to 1700 in the Old World surgeons improve Indian technology. Skin patches were taken from the hand or buttocks. The use of porcine cartilage has also made it possible to achieve incredible results.

But it was the XIX century that became the golden age of rhinoplasty. During this period, a lot of scientific works on the restoration of not only the external contour, but also the mucous membrane of the nose are published. Today rhinoplasty has reached great heights. Surgery to the septum of the nose or removal of the hump has become commonplace and is conducted in clinics along with excision of appendicitis.

Types of surgical interventions

All surgical interventions to eliminate physiological defects of the nose can be performed using one of two methods. The first of them implies incision of the skin along the bridge of the nose. Such operations can only be performed under anesthesia and last up to 4 hours.

When the method is closed, the surgeon performs manipulations without cutting the skin. For example, polyps in the nose can be removed. The operation is performed most often without anesthesia, since it is less painful. Full rehabilitation of the patient takes about a week. Today, endoscopic operations of the nose are becoming very popular. With the help of their successful treatment of sinusitis.

Indications and contraindications

Operations to eliminate cosmetic deficiencies are carried out only at the request of the person. In this case, the patient must be at least 18 years old, and he must be fully capable. As for physiological defects caused by congenital mutations or traumas, the decisive word here should belong to the doctor. The operation is not assigned if the abnormality does not interfere with normal nasal breathing.

Before the rhinoplasty, the patient must undergo a full medical examination. Contraindication may be the presence of diabetes, AIDS, severe liver and heart diseases. For these, as well as some other reasons, the operation can be canceled. Removal of polyps in the nose and some other simple manipulations are an exception to the general rule.

Nasal septum: what is it?

The nose is an outer contour with 2 channels, which are separated by vertical formation. It consists of cartilaginous and bone tissue and is called a nasal septum. Its final form it acquires by 10 years. The elastic part of the septum, which extends beyond the nasal cavity, is more susceptible to deformation. According to statistics, only 1 out of 20 people remain flat at 18 years of age.

Causes of curvature

Otolaryngologists distinguish traumatic, compensatory and physiological causes of curvature of the septum. In each case, it is determined whether surgery is necessary on the nose.

Physiological deformities of the septum occur due to the fact that it consists of 2 types of tissue: bone and cartilaginous. One of them may be behind in development for some reason. In this case, the curve along the entire length of the nose is more characteristic.

Traumatic curvatures arise, as a rule, because of physical influence, therefore can have the diversified character. Often they are accompanied by fractures of the facial bones of the skull. They can also occur at birth, when the microviscus of the nasal cartilage occurs.

Compensatory curvatures are a combination of the two types listed above. They are the most dangerous, since any, even a small injury can lead to additional complications. When diagnosing this distortion, an operation is performed on the septum of the nose.

Manifestations of curvature

Nasal breathing is a very important aspect for normal functioning. Curvature of the septum can impede the passage of air. Depending on the type of deformation, breathing can be difficult both through both, and through one nostril. Deterioration of air circulation contributes to the development of the following concomitant diseases: rhinitis, otitis, inflammation of the nasal sinuses and so on. Therefore, in particularly neglected cases, a nose operation is prescribed.

Where and how to fix the partition?

Defects of the nasal septum are corrected by surgical intervention. The operation, with the exception of urgent cases, is planned, refers to plastic and can be performed in most ENT hospitals.

The duration of the procedure is less than 30 minutes. Its purpose is to remove the curved section. General anesthesia is often not required, but local anesthesia is practiced. Upon completion of the operation, the patient is given a cotton swab in the nasal cavity, which should be there for 2 days.

Modern rhinoplasty offers several options for how the curvature of the nose can be eliminated. Surgery for resection of the septum is that at first all the mucous membranes exfoliate, the defective area of the cartilage is removed, and the soft tissues return to their place. Such manipulations are easily performed in most clinics, they are free, but the recovery period after them is the longest.

A more modern method of eliminating curvature is the plastic of the septum. Its feature is that the mucosa exfoliates only on one side. In this case, the defective area of the cartilage is not removed, but is aligned. The advantage of plastic is the shortened adaptation period, but it is not carried out in all medical institutions and usually on a paid basis. However, when it comes to health, few people will think about how much it costs to operate on the nose. All the more you will have to spend only 3 thousand rubles.

Finally, the most progressive way to eliminate defects in the nasal septum is thermal plastic. For the first time it was successfully held in 1998. The whole process consists in heating the cartilage to a temperature at which it becomes elastic, and further smoothing the septum. Thermal plastic is an absolutely bloodless method. The patient does not need additional recovery time after the procedure. Unfortunately, this method is used only in large clinics because of the inaccessibility of special equipment.

Features of the rehabilitation period

As already noted above, not all methods of correcting the septum of the nose require carrying out restorative procedures. Nevertheless, certain recommendations need to be listened to. So, for example, after resection, the first 2 days is best to refrain from tilting and sharp head movements, use only soft, non-hot food, sleep on your back. During the week, increased physical activity is prohibited, and swimming pool visits are possible only on the 15th day after the operation.

In addition to the restrictions, there are a number of recommendations that help the early healing of the damaged mucous membrane of the nose. So, the patient is prescribed a course of antibiotics and special flushing.

Possible complications

Risky operation on the nose does not apply, so you should not be afraid of any serious complications. As a rule, there are no scars on the face either. The possible functional complications include only perforation of the membrane, which manifests itself only in 12% of cases when resection is performed.