What are the doctors and medical specialties

Most people do not know about what kind of doctors there are besides those to whom you can make an appointment at a regular polyclinic. In fact, there are a huge number of rare medical specialties that require higher education.

Common Professions

There are several basic, well-known to all professional directions. These are the youngest doctors who have just graduated from a medical university and an internship. Thanks to this, what kind of doctors are, even children know. The main among them are:

• Physician-therapist;
• surgeon;
• neurologist;
• gynecologist;
• cardiologist;
• Endocrinologist;
• pediatrician.

Not less often are in demand:

• otolaryngologist;
• ophthalmologist;
• dermatologist;
• Gastroenterologist;
• Pulmonologist.

We can not forget that such specialists may be needed:

• Dentist;
• oncologist;
• radiologist;
• urologist;
• nephrologist.

The work of these professionals is the basis for the functioning of the entire medical industry. They are most often directly involved in the treatment of patients.

Doctors of the "second" line

Patients often find out about what kind of doctors are, also in those cases when they fall ill with a relatively rare pathology. In this situation, as a rule, doctors are accepted for work, which do not belong to the primary link of medicine. The main among them are:

• Hematologists;
• Immunologists;
• Allergists;
• Hepatologists;
• Vascular surgeons;
• Rehabilitation doctors;
• Infectious disease;
• Nephrologists;
• Orthopedists;
• Phthisiatricians;
• Valeologi;
• Doctors-psychiatrists;
• Psychotherapists;
• Traumatologists;
• Doctors of functional diagnostics.

Such specialists also have direct contact with patients. Thanks to them, it is possible to treat quite rare diseases, which can not be coped with by doctors of primary level.

Narrow specialties

With the development of medicine, gradually there are all its new branches. Accordingly, there are those professions that did not exist before. The most interesting in this regard are the following specialties:

• Epileptologist;
• Mycologist;
• Vertebrologist;
• Surdologist;
• radiologist;
• Reproductologist;
• The doctor-cosmetologist;
• geneticist;
• Doctor-dietician.

Such specialists are working in a very narrow direction. Their task often does not even imply the direct treatment of certain diseases. It consists in restoring the patient after their onset or after the end of the pathological process.

About sanitary doctors

The main directions on which students can study at medical universities are:

1. Therapeutic.
2. Diagnostic.
3. Sanitary.

Doctors of the first two specialties work in various medical and preventive institutions. At the same time, the sanitary doctor performs a completely different activity. The main part of his work is the control over the observance of sanitary and hygienic norms and rules in a wide variety of institutions, including the medical profile.

In addition, this doctor is engaged in analytical activities, with the purpose of early detection and effective counteraction to various epidemiological outbreaks of certain diseases. That is, in his competence, the prevention of socially significant ailments at the level of any administrative unit.

About veterinarians

Almost every person who has a pet knows about what kind of doctors are, in addition to those involved in the treatment of people. After all, pets are also prone to disease. To help in this case comes the veterinarian, who deals with the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of diseases in animals.

A doctor of this specialty, in addition to various veterinary clinics, can work at enterprises of the agro-industrial complex. Here he monitors the health of farm animals. The work of such a specialist is extremely important, because he is responsible for the prevention of epidemics among livestock, the correct weight gain, the rate of increase in the number of livestock, and even the quality of products (milk, eggs, meat, hides, wool, etc.).

Administrative positions

In addition to treating specialists, such as a therapist or surgeon, there are other doctors. They manage health organizations, plan their activities and determine the general direction of development of this branch.

Such work is extremely important. The price of the mistake that the dentist or surgical surgeon allows is several times less (despite all the possible tragedy) than what happens to the minister or the head of the regional health department.

Among the administrative positions, the most common are the following:

• Chief Physician;
• Deputy Chief Medical Officer (medical, ME & R, outpatient and others);
• Head of the polyclinic;
• Heads of departments and structural units.

All these doctors usually do not engage in direct treatment and management of patients. At the same time, they often come into contact with them not less often than the attending physician. This is due to the fact that it is the responsibility of the administration to analyze and resolve conflicts, as well as any disputes that arise between doctors and patients or their relatives. In addition, the administrative position obliges the doctor to contact the leadership of other departments and industries to solve social problems involving medical workers in particular.

Doctors-administrators are often not issued by medical universities. They can only become in the course of their work. At the same time, there are a number of courses of primary retraining in postgraduate institutions for administrative positions. Usually, doctors are sent to them after their appointment, and not before him.