Oncological diseases

The section of medicine that is aimed at studying, diagnosing and treating oncological diseases is called oncology. Often, talking about such ailments, they mean only cancer. However, this is not true.

Oncological diseases are malignant tumors that arise in tissues and organs from the cells of the epithelium. This type of cells is an integral part of all the human organs of the thoracic and abdominal cavity, mucous membranes of the nose, intestines, larynx, lungs and so on. The only exception is the brain. Epithelium is characterized by rapid proliferation (the process of multiplication by division). Tumors and other formations develop during the process of degeneration of normal cells.

The main factors that can cause cancer:

1. Active and passive smoking.
2. Long-term or short-term exposure to the human body of various toxic substances.
3. Excessive consumption of alcoholic beverages.
4. Prolonged exposure to ultraviolet rays.
5. Hormonal disorders.
6. Environmental pollution.
7. Violation of the integrity of skin lesions.

Many oncological diseases are successfully treated at the initial stages. The problem is that they can develop in the body for many years and can not be manifested. As a rule, people perceive the first symptoms of the disease as signs of less dangerous, habitual diseases and do not react to them properly. As a result, valuable time goes away, and the chances of recovery are reduced.

Signs on which it is possible to recognize oncological diseases:

1. Rapid fatigue, constant fatigue.
2. Sleep disturbance, in particular, insomnia.
3. Unreasonable nervousness.
4. Lack of appetite.
5. Various seals on or under the skin.
6. The presence of blood in natural secretions.
7. Pain sensations in the body, arisen for unknown reasons.
8. Unpleasant sensations after eating in the stomach.

If you find yourself with one or more of the following symptoms, then immediately consult an oncologist. After a complete examination, you will find out the causes of the ailments and either start treatment or just calm down.

Oncological diseases have the following varieties:

1. Cancer is a type of malignant tumor formed from epithelial tissue.
2. Sarcoma is a malignant tumor that forms in the muscles, bone and brain tissues.
3. Malignant diseases of the circulatory system - leukemia, lymphomas. In this case there is a degeneration of leukocytes, less often erythrocytes and platelets.

Prophylaxis of oncological diseases:

1. Physical activity and proper nutrition. Scientists have proved that a sedentary lifestyle, obesity, excessive leanness increases the risk of the disease to 30-40%.
2. A good night's sleep. The amount of time a person spends in a dream directly affects the ability of the body to fight cancer. In addition, lack of sleep significantly reduces the benefits of exercise and proper diet.
3. Regular examination. For the prevention of certain cancers, it is recommended to do mammography (annually, beginning at age 40), colonoscopy (every 5 years, beginning at age 50), cytological examination of the smear (every 2 years from age 21).
4. A woman can independently examine her breasts at least once a month.
5. Those who have moles (especially newly formed), it is recommended that they be checked as often as possible for discoloration, the appearance of unevenness. Inspect the skin for neoplasm, especially uneven in shape.

It is very important to take care of your health and regularly carry out preventive activities. If, for any of the signs, there is a possibility of a disease - immediately go for a complete examination.