NSAIDs are what preparations? NSAIDs: transcript. NSAIDs of the new generation

The abbreviation NSAIDs - does this mean anything to you? If not, then we suggest that we expand our horizons somewhat and find out what these mysterious four letters stand for. Read the article - and everything will become absolutely clear. We hope that it will be not only informative, but also interesting!

NSAIDs - transcript

Let's not read our readers for a long time in the dark. NSAIDs are decoded as non - steroidal anti - inflammatory drugs - medicines in our time are very popular and popular, because they are able to simultaneously eliminate pain and relieve inflammation in various organs of our body. If until now you have never had a need for taking NSAIDs - this can be considered almost a miracle. You - one of the rare lucky ones, really, your health can be envied!

We advance the next question and immediately tell about the decoding of the word "non-steroid". This means that these drugs are non-hormonal, i.e. Not containing any hormones in their composition. And this is very good, because everyone knows how unpredictable and dangerous hormonal drugs can be.

Most Popular NSAIDs

If you think that NSAIDs are medicines whose names are rarely pronounced in everyday life, then you are mistaken. Many people do not even know how often we have to use non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs to cure different kinds of ailments that accompany the human race since the time of the expulsion of Adam and Eve from the heavenly tabernacles. Read the list of such remedies, probably some of them are in your home medicine cabinet. So, NSAIDs include such medicines as:

• "Aspirin".
• "Amidopyrine."
• "Analgin".
• "Piroxicam".
• "Bystrumgel".
• "Diclofenac."
• "Ketoprofen".
• "Indomethacin".
• Ketorol.
• "Naproxen".
• "Ketorolac".
• "Flurbiprofen".
• "Voltarengel".
• "Nimesil".
• "Diclofenac."
• Ibuprofen.
• "Indopan".
• Iprene.
• "Uppsarin of the UPSA".
• "Ketanov".
• "Mesulide."
• "Movalis".
• "Nyz".
• "Nurofen."
• Orthofen.
• "Trombo ACC".
• "Ultraphene."
• "Fastum".
• "Finalgel".

Yes, all these are NSAIDs. The list turned out though and big, but, certainly, it is far not full. And yet it fully gives an idea of the variety of modern non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.

Few historical facts

The first primitive NSAIDs were known to people back in antiquity. For example, in ancient Egypt, the willow bark was widely used to get rid of heat and pain - a natural source of salicylates and one of the first nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. And in those days, healers treated their patients suffering from joint pain and fever, broths of myrtle and lemon balm - they also contain salicylic acid.

In the middle of the 19th century chemistry began to develop rapidly, which gave impetus to the development of pharmacology. At the same time, the first studies of the compositions of medicinal substances obtained from plant raw materials began. Pure salicyine from the willow bark was synthesized in 1828 - this was the first step towards the creation of the familiar "Aspirin".

But there will be many years of scientific research before this medicine is born. A grandiose event took place in 1899. Physicians and their patients quickly evaluated the benefits of the new drug. In 1925, when the most terrible flu epidemic hit Europe, Aspirin became a savior for a huge number of people. And in 1950, this non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug was included in the Guinness Book of Records as an analgesic with the largest sales volume. Well, later other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) were created by pharmacists.

What diseases are used anti-inflammatory non-steroid drugs

The spectrum of application of NSAIDs is very wide. They are very effective in treating both acute and chronic diseases, accompanied by pain and inflammation. Nowadays, studies are underway to study the effectiveness of these drugs in the treatment of heart and vascular diseases. And that they can be used for pain in the spine, they know practically everything today (NSAIDs with osteochondrosis are real salvation).

Here is a list of disease states, in the emergence of which shows the use of various non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs:

• Fever.
• Headaches, migraines.
• Renal colic.
• Rheumatoid arthritis.
• Gout.
• Osteoarthritis.
• Osteoarthritis.
• Dysmenorrhea.
• Inflammatory arthropathies (psoriatic arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, Reiter syndrome).
• Painful postoperative syndrome.
• Pain syndrome from mild to moderate severity with trauma and various inflammatory changes.

Classification of NSAIDs by their chemical structure

Reading this article, you already had the opportunity to make sure that there are a lot of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. To navigate among them at least a little bit better, let's look at the classification of these funds. First of all, they can be divided as follows: group - acids and group of NSAIDs - non-acid derivatives.

The first include:

- Salicylates (immediately you can remember about "Aspirin").

- Derivatives of phenylacetic acid ("Aceclofenac", "Diclofenac", etc.).

- Pyrazolidines (metamizol sodium, known to most of us as "Analgin", "Phenylbutazone, etc.).

- Oksikam ("Tenoxicam", "Meloksikam", "Pyroxicam", "Tenoxicam").

- Derivatives of indoleacetic acid ("Sulindak", "Indomethacin", etc.).

- Derivatives of propionic acid ("Ibuprofen", etc.).

The second group is:

- Derivatives of sulfonamide ("Celecoxib", "Nimesulide", "Rofecoxib").

- Alkanones ("Nabumeton").

Classification of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs by their effectiveness

The use of NSAIDs in osteochondrosis and in the treatment of other joint diseases can literally perform miracles. But, unfortunately, not all drugs are the same in their effectiveness. Unconditional leaders among them can be considered:

• "Diclofenac."
• "Ketoprofen".
• "Indomethacin".
• "Flurbiprofen".
• "Ibuprofen" and some other drugs.

The listed medicines can be called basic; That is, on their basis new NSAIDs can be developed and delivered to the pharmacy network, but under a different, changed name and often at a higher price. In order not to waste your money for nothing, study the next chapter as follows. The information stated in it will help you not to make a mistake with your choice.

What to look for when choosing a medicine

NSAIDs are, for the most part, excellent modern drugs, but when coming to a pharmacy, it is better to be aware of some of the nuances. Which ones? But read it!

For example, before you is the choice that it is better to buy: "Diclofenac", "Ortophen" or "Voltaren". And you are trying to ask the pharmacist which of these drugs is better. Most likely, you will be advised by one that is more expensive. But the fact is that the composition of the listed drugs is almost identical. And the difference in names is due to the fact that they are produced by different firms, why the trademarks differ from each other. The same can be said, for example, of Metindole and Indomethacine or Ibuprofen and Brufene, and so on.

To understand the confusion, always carefully look at the packaging, because there must be indicated the main active substance of the drug. Only it will be written, most likely, small letters.

But that is not all. Or rather, it's not so simple! The use of an NSAID-analogue of some medicine familiar to you can unexpectedly cause an allergic reaction or side effects that you have never seen before. What's the matter? The reason can be covered in additional additives, of which, of course, nothing was written on the package. Hence, we must also study the instruction.

Another possible reason for the different results of analog medicines is the difference in dosage. Uninformed people often do not pay any attention to it, but in vain. After a small tablets can contain a "horse" dose of the active substance. And, on the contrary, pills or capsules of huge sizes, it happens, consist of fillers for as much as 90 percent.

Sometimes the drugs are also released in a retarded form, i.e., as long-acting (prolonged) drugs. An important feature of such drugs is the ability to be absorbed gradually, so that their action can continue for a whole day. Such a drug should not be drunk 3 or 4 times a day, it will be enough to take a single dose. This feature of the drug should be indicated on the package or right in the name. For example, "Voltaren" in a prolonged form is called "Voltaren Retard."

List of analogues of known drugs

We publish this little cheat sheet in the hope that it will help you better navigate in numerous beautiful drugstores. Suppose you immediately need effective NSAIDs for arthrosis to relieve pain. Get the cheat sheet and read the following list:

"Diclofenac", "Diclouran", "Diclonac", "Rapten", "Diclobene", "Arthrosan", "Naklofen" are also analogues of "Diclofenac", in addition to the already mentioned "Voltaren" and "Ortophen".

- "Indomethacin" is sold under such brands as Indomin, Indotard, Metindol, Rheumatine, Indobene, Intaban.

- Analogues of "Pyroxicam": "Erazon", "Pyrox", "Roxicam", "Pirokam".

- Analogues of "Ketoprofen": "Fleksen", "Profenid", "Ketonal", "Artrozilen", "Knavon."

- Popular and inexpensive "Ibuprofen" is available as a part of such medicines as "Nurofen", "Reumafen", "Brufen", "Bolinet".

Rules for the administration of NSAIDs

Admission of NSAIDs may be accompanied by a number of side effects, so it is recommended that they be adhered to while adhering to the following rules:

1. Familiarization with the instruction and following the recommendations contained in it are mandatory!

2. If you take a capsule or tablet inside, drink a glass of water to protect your stomach. This rule must be adhered to, even if you drink the most advanced drugs (which are considered safer), because extra precaution never fails;

3. Do not lie down after taking the drug for about half an hour. The fact is that the force of gravity will facilitate a better passage of the capsule down the esophagus;

4. It is better to refuse from alcoholic beverages, because the combined NSAIDs and alcohol are a rattling mixture capable of causing various stomach diseases.

5. In one day, do not take two different non-steroid drugs - this will not increase the positive result, but, most likely, summarizes the side effects.

6. If the medicine does not help, talk to your doctor, maybe you were prescribed a too small dose.

Side effects and non-steroid gastropathy

Now you have to find out what is NSAID-gastropathy. To my great regret, all NSAIDs have considerable side effects. Especially negatively they affect the gastrointestinal tract. Patients may be troubled by such manifestations as

• Nausea (sometimes very severe).
• Heartburn.
• Vomiting.
• Dyspepsia.
• Bleeding gastrointestinal.
• Diarrhea.
• Ulcer of the duodenum and stomach.

All of the above troubles and there is NSAID-gastropathy. Therefore, doctors so often try to prescribe to their patients the minimum possible dose of classical non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. To minimize the harmful effects on the stomach and intestines, it is recommended that you never take such drugs on an empty stomach, and do this only after a plentiful meal.

But problems with the digestive system - this is not all the side effects that some of the NSAIDs are capable of giving. Some drugs can have a bad effect on the heart, as well as on the kidneys. Sometimes their reception can be accompanied by a headache and dizziness. Another serious trouble - they have a destructive effect on intraarticular cartilage (of course, only with prolonged use). Fortunately, today there are on sale NSAIDs of a new generation, which are largely exempt from these shortcomings.

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs of the new generation

In the past two decades, several pharmaceutical companies have been intensively developing new modern NSAIDs, which, along with effective removal of pain and inflammation, would have had side effects as little as possible. Efforts by pharmacists have been successful - a whole new group of drugs, called selective, has been developed.

Imagine - these drugs under the supervision of a doctor can be drunk very long courses. And the terms can be measured not only by weeks and months, but even by years. Drugs from this group do not have a destructive effect on the articular cartilage, side effects are much less frequent and practically do not cause complications.

NSAIDs of the new generation are such medicines as:

• "Movalis".
• "Nyz" (aka "Nimulid").
• "Arcoxia".
• "Celebrex".

About some of their advantages we will tell on the example of "Movalis". It is available both in traditional tablets (7.5 and 15 mg), and in suppositories of 15 mg, and in glass ampoules for intramuscular administration (also 15 mg). This drug works very gently, but at the same time is extremely effective: only one tablet is enough for the whole day. When a patient is shown long-term treatment with severe arthrosis of the hip or knee joints, "Movalis" is simply irreplaceable.

Different forms in which the NSAIDs are manufactured

Most popular non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs can be purchased and used not only as tablets and capsules for ingestion, but also in ointments, gels, candles and injectable solutions. And this, of course, is very good, since such a variety makes it possible in some cases to avoid harm in treatment while simultaneously obtaining a faster therapeutic effect.

So, NSAIDs of the new generation, with arthrosis used in the form of injections, far less affect the gastrointestinal tract. But there is a downside to this medal: with the introduction of intramuscularly virtually all non-steroid drugs are capable of complicating - necrosis of muscle tissue. This is why injections of NSAIDs are never practiced for a long time.

Basically, injections are prescribed for exacerbation of inflammatory and degenerative-dystrophic diseases of the joints and spine, accompanied by severe unbearable pain. After the patient's condition improves, it becomes possible to switch to tablets and external agents in the form of ointments.

Typically, doctors combine different dosage forms, deciding what and when to bring the most benefit to the patient. The conclusion suggests itself: if you do not want to harm yourself with self-treatment of such common ailments as osteochondrosis or arthrosis, ask for help in a medical institution, where you will be able to help.

Can I use NSAIDs in pregnancy?

Doctors categorically advise against taking NSAIDs with pregnant women (especially this prohibition applies to the third trimester), as well as mothers who breastfeed. It is believed that the drugs of this group can adversely affect the bearing of the fetus and cause it different developmental malformations.

According to some sources, such an inoffensive medicine, according to many, as "Aspirin", can increase the risk of miscarriage in the early stages. But sometimes doctors on indications prescribe to women this drug (limited course and in minimal doses). In each case, the decision must be made by a medical specialist.

In pregnancy, women often have a backache and need to solve this problem with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs as the most effective and fast acting. In this case, the use of "Voltaren gel" is acceptable. But - again - its independent application is possible only in the first and second trimester, in late pregnancy, the use of this strong drug is allowed only under the supervision of the doctor.

Conclusion

We told you what we knew about NSAIDs. Explanation of the abbreviation, the classification of medicines, the rules for their admission, information on side effects - it can come in handy in life. But we want the need for medicines to arise with our readers as little as possible. Therefore, in parting, we wish you strong health!