Nitrogen fertilizers: types and composition

Nitrogen fertilizers are produced from ammonia, which is formed during the reaction of nitrogen, obtained from air, together with hydrogen. The reaction requires high pressure, the presence of catalysts and a temperature of at least 400 degrees.

Nitrogen fertilizers: types

The most common mineral fertilizers from nitrogen are carbamide, which is better known by the definition of "urea", and ammonium nitrate.

The last compound or ammonium nitrate is the most effective fertilizer, which contains at least a third of nitrogen. In appearance, ammonium nitrate is an easily soluble white granule in water without significant odor and small size.

Popularity among gardeners, farmers and gardeners has been received by nitrate due to the high nitrogen content, which allows to increase the yield significantly while observing the terms and rates of application.

Nitrogen fertilizers, when ingested, release nitrogen, which actively moves in the soil layers. Therefore, on drained, water-permeable, copiously moistened soils, nitrate must be introduced during the maximum demand of plants in nitrogen. This rule will allow to fully and in due time to ensure planting with valuable substances and at the same time to exclude the overuse of fertilizer due to its leaching into the lower layers of soil that are not accessible to the root system.

The effectiveness of fertilizing can be increased by mechanically mixing nitrogen fertilizers with potassium and phosphorus immediately before pouring into the soil.

The use of ammonium nitrate for fertilizing allows the rapid development of green mass, increase gluten and increase the percentage of proteins in cereals.

The next sought-after substance is urea, which is a nitrogen fertilizer produced in the form of small granules that are odorless and color easily soluble in water. Unlike ammonium nitrate, urea is less hygroscopic. It contains almost 50 percent of nitrogen, while fertilizer has increased resistance to leaching. Thanks to these properties, it is possible to achieve high results even when fertilizers are applied on heavily moistened sod-podzol soils.

Carbamide should be used as a preplant top dressing during the spring cultivation, and also as a root fertilizing during the growing season. The maximum effect can be achieved by combining urea on acidic soils along with liming, and also adding potassium and phosphoric fertilizers.

Another species included in the group "nitrogen fertilizers" is ammonia water, low price and ease of use which allowed it to spread widely in agriculture.

Ammonia water is introduced into the soil before sowing in spring as the main fertilizer, and then at the initial stage of the development of the culture, when the need for nitrogen is particularly high. To preserve the ammonia contained in the solution, the fertilizer is applied to the ground after application by at least 10 centimeters.