Nikolaevkskaya area. Nikolaevsky district of Mykolayiv region. Mykolaiv region, Ukraine

Mykolaiv region of Ukraine with the center in the city of Nikolaev as an administrative unit arose in the autumn of 1937. To date, it has an area of 24,598 square meters. Km, which has 19 districts, 822 villages, 17 urban-type settlements, 9 major cities. Nikolaev region is inhabited by more than one million people.

Historical past

The period of the late Paleolithic is the time when the lands of the Northern Black Sea region are first settled by the Scythians, Greek colonies, Sarmatians. In 1415 the Lithuanians here founded the fortress Ochakov.

Since 1526, the Turks have conquered southern Ukraine, the territory between the Dniester and the Southern Bug rivers. They call her Yedisan. This area existed in the Ottoman Empire until 1774. After the Russo-Turkish war, the territory of Yedisan passes into Russia's possession, and 18 years later, under a reconciliation agreement, Turkey is writing off western territory from the Southern Bug River to Russia.

The foundation of Nikolaev falls on July 1788. Over time, this territory moved from one area to another. With the German occupiers, this land is included in the Kherson province. Since 1922, the Nicholas land has become the Odessa region. 1937 is marked by the official appropriation of the status of administrative units to the lands. Appears Nikolaev region. After the Great Patriotic War (since 1944) this administrative name was assigned to this territory.

Economy of the region

Moderate continental climate, chernozem soils, abundance of rivers contribute to the development of agriculture. More than 2 million hectares of Nicholas land is agricultural land, of which arable land occupies an area of 1.7 million hectares.

They grow mainly cereals, sugar beet, sunflower, and vegetables. In addition, they plant gardens, grapes, plant forage crops. Also develop meat and dairy farming.

The abundance of rivers, ponds, reservoirs is a prerequisite for the formation of a fishing industry, and access to the sea contributes to the development of tourism, shipbuilding. The last sphere is represented by three large shipbuilding organizations: "Black Sea Shipbuilding Plant", "Shipbuilding Plant named after. 61 communards "," Damen Shilyards Okean ".

More than 60 industrial enterprises are located on the Nicholas land (engineering, non-ferrous metallurgy, food, light industry). The Mykolayiv region plays a huge role in the overall economy of Ukraine (3.6% is the region's share in the country's foreign trade turnover).

Natural wealth of Nicholas lands

Over the course of time, five boundaries of the Mykolayiv region were formed: from the east - with the Dnipropetrovsk and Kherson regions, in the north there is the Kirovograd region, the west borders on the Odessa lands, and the south is washed by the Black Sea. Nikolaevsky possessions capture the forest-steppe and steppe zone, but most of the land is in the Black Sea lowland.

The map of the Mykolayiv region is dotted with 85 rivers, most of which are dry. The largest are the Southern Bug, Ingul, Ingulets. Thanks to the rivers and the sea, four shallow gulfs (estuary) are formed here: Dnieper-Bug, Tiligul, Bug, Berezansky. In addition, 13 thousand hectares of Nicholas territory occupy ponds, reservoirs and other water bodies.

The territory is rich and wooded. More than 70 thousand hectares are covered with a forest, where oaks, pine, poplar, acacia predominate. The north of the region is rich in ordinary black earth, and the south is saturated with chestnut and dark chestnut soils.

Also the region is rich in mineral resources: building, sawn stone, granite, sand, limestone, kaolin, cement and clay-tile raw materials.

Districts of Mykolaiv region: Arbuzinsky and Voznesensky

The administrative city of Nikolaev region is Mykolayiv. The region is divided into 19 districts.

• Arbuzinsky. Its area is more than one thousand square kilometers. There are 3 rivers running through this territory: the Southern Bug, the Arbuzinka, the Dead Sea. Here is the famous landscape park with the remains of the ancient mountains on the river lowland. This park - "Granite-Steppe Pobuzhye" - contains about one hundred archaeological ancient monuments, preserved before our era. Through these lands there passes the protected tract "Trikratskiy Les" with an area of 247 hectares, where two-century oaks grow, the gray herons live in colonies , there is a favorite lake of all fishermen, the forests are planted with a labyrinth with all sorts of paths and bridges.
• Ascension. Occupies an area of 1392 square meters. Km. Taking into account the natural park "Pobuzhye". Four rivers flow through the territory: the Southern Bug, the Arbuzinka, the Deadhead, the Gniloy Elanets. The rural population predominates.

Domanevsky, Pervomaisky, Novobugsky, Vralievsky

• Domanevsky. The area of the district is 1,458 square kilometers. Four rivers flow through these lands: the Southern Bug, Chertala, Chichikleia, and Bashkala. On this area there is also a park Granite-Steppe zone.
• Pervomaisky. Occupies an area of 1319 square meters. Km. There are two rivers running through the district: Sinyuha and the Southern Bug. Through these lands passes the territory of the natural park "Pobuzhye". There are more than 66 thousand people. The city of Pervomaisk, Mykolayiv region, occupies a leading place in industry (machine building, food industry, as well as milk-canning, sewing, diesel production).
• Novobugsky district is located on the territory of 1243 square kilometers. Two rivers flow through these lands - Ingul and Sofiyivka. On the territory of the district there is a park "Priingulsky" with an area of 3152.7 hectares. In its possession there are two reserves ("Sophievskoe reservoir", "Pelageevsky") and the temple of St. Michael's nunnery.
• Vradievsky. Occupies 801 square meters. Km. Two rivers flow through the territory: Kodyma and Chichikleia. A highway of international level M-13 (it is also called Poltavka) and the Kotovsk-Pervomaisk railway line pass through the district.

Mykolaiv region: Elanetskiy, Berezansky, Ochakovsky districts

• The Elanets district has 1018 square kilometers. The river Gniloy Elanets flows through the territory. Through the area there is a protected natural area "Elanetskaya Steppe" with an area of 1675.7 hectares, where from April to October you can book an excursion to learn the history of the reserve, get acquainted with its flora and fauna, and visit the zoo.
• Berezanskiy. The area of this area is 1378 square meters. Km. In the east of the land is the Bereza estuary. The territory also comes into contact with the borders of the Tiligul estuary, where the Tiligul regional landscape park is located, the feature of which is in a unique ecosystem. First, there are marine natural landscapes here, and secondly, there is a unique flora and fauna of the water area, and thirdly, this estuary is the cleanest pond in the Black Sea region.
• Ochakovsky. Occupies 1488 square meters. Km. There are two estuaries (Dnipro-Bug, Berezansky) and the popular archaeological and historical reserve "Olvia". The city of Ochakov is a port of the Black Sea.

Veselinovsky, Bratsky, Zhovtnevy, Novoodesky

• Veselinovsky district has an area of 1245 square kilometers. Two rivers flow through the territory: the Southern Bug and Chichikley. The settlement population prevails in the region. On the site of the village of Pokrovka was once a fortress of the early Middle Ages, but to this day it has not survived.
• Brotherly. The area of this area is 1129 square meters. Km. Two rivers flow through the territory: Deadwater and Kostovataya. There are no special sights, except that the famous Soviet and Ukrainian national artist, playwright, theater director Saksaganskiy Panas Karpovich and inventor, electric welding engineer Benardos Nikolai Nikolaevich were born in this area.
• Zhovtnevyy. Occupies an area of 1460 square meters. Km. Two rivers flow: the Southern Bug, Ingul. On the territory of the district there are 55 thousand people with a predominance of the rural population.
• The Novoдесdez region has a total area of 1,428 square kilometers. Here flows the river Southern Bug.

In all the above-mentioned districts of the village of Mykolayiv region, the total population prevails over cities and large urban-type settlements.

Krivoozersky, Mykolaiv, Bashtansky, Bereznegovatsky, Kazanovsky, Snigirevsky districts

• The Krivoozersky. Occupies an area of 814 square meters. Km. The South Bug River flows with the tributary of Kodym. The region has no special natural monuments, but is known for the fact that the famous Soviet major general, the hero of the USSR, Yermeyev Boris Romanovich was born here.
• Nikolaevsky district of Mykolaiv region covers an area of 1430 square kilometers. The South Bug River flows. The city of Nikolaev is a port of the Black Sea. Through the administrative city is the highway of international importance M-14 and the European level the E-58 highway.
• Bashtansky. The area of this area is 1706 square meters. Km. On its territory there are two rivers: Ingul and Gromokleia. The settlement population prevails.
• Bereznegovatsky. Occupies an area of 1264 sq. Km. Km.
• Kazankovsky. The area of this area is 1349 square kilometers. The territory of the river Visun.
• Snigirevsky. Occupies 1395 square meters. Km. On its territory there is the river Ingulets. About 48 thousand people live.

Brief conclusions

Natural riches determined the directions of the Mykolaiv region: fishing and agriculture, industry, shipping, shipbuilding, tourism. The region is equipped with road, rail, water transport, there are local airlines. This territory is significant not only in terms of the number of natural attractions, but also plays a significant role in the economy of the whole country (specific weight: 3.1% - exports, 1.4% - imports).

Today, the urban population prevails in the oblast (68%). Most of all here representatives of such nationalities as Ukrainians, Russians, Byelorussians, Moldovans, Bulgarians. Armenians, Jews, Koreans, Azerbaijanis, Germans, Tatars, Poles, Gypsies live in the region. The official language is Ukrainian and Russian.

Only one Mykolayiv region (Ukraine) combines 89 natural monuments with different landscapes, enterprises of different industries (51% of all regions of the country) and historical architectural sights (historical military sites, ancient Greek ruins, museums, churches, a cemetery of the 18th century ).