Natural complexes of the North Caucasus. Reserves of the North Caucasus

Natural complexes of the North Caucasus include a variety of landscapes of amazing beauty. This combination of flat and mountainous areas. The climate is subtropical. The Caucasus Mountains are the southern boundary of Russia, the border with the countries of Transcaucasia.

Mountain ranges

Natural complexes of the North Caucasus are located between the two seas: the Black and Caspian seas. When we pronounce the word "Caucasus", huge mountains with snow-capped peaks, deep gorges, as well as forests and alpine meadows emerge in memory. From one peninsula to another stretched the magnificent mountains of the Greater Caucasus. The highest Elbrus and Kazbek towers here.

Mountain ranges of the North Caucasus are separately standing mountains, as if lost in the plain. Maybe they are therefore called the last branch of the Caucasus. Among the mountain ranges there are laccoliths - Bichtau and Zheleznaya. They have one more name - diapirs. In the people these mountains are called "failed volcanoes". There are strange mountain constructions in the North Caucasus, which appeared from weathering. Destruction occurs under the influence of various natural phenomena. Some mountains "grow thin" by two centimeters per year, while others from a single rock turn into bizarre forms. The basis of the relief is formed by mountain systems.

Natural phenomena

Natural complexes of the North Caucasus are the result of an incomplete process of mountain formations. There are earthquakes in these areas. On the territory there are inactive volcanoes, because of their eruption in the old days there were ore deposits. Large deposits of oil and gas, mineral springs, widely used for the purposes of recovery, have been discovered.

Reserves of the North Caucasus

Natural complexes include large protected areas. One of the unique places is the Caucasian Biosphere Reserve, which is located in the Krasnodar Territory. Virgin forests and meadows occupy a large part of it. On the outskirts there is an ornithological park, in which there are more than fifty species of birds and a large number of hoofed animals.

Reserves of the North Caucasus are a historical and cultural component of a large region. There are more than thirty of them, and there is also one national park here. In historically foreseeable time, there were no human settlements on this territory.

Weather

Natural complexes of the Caucasus include 133 mountain lakes, countless streams and streams that feed on glaciers and snowfields. These objects formed a severely broken topography. Extensive estuaries are rich in different fish. To monitor its reproduction, numerous fish farms are established.

Natural complexes of the Caucasus are rich in forests, their purest air is filled with moisture and pristine silence. Mountain relief determines the difference in seasons, depending on the altitude belts. Winter is first felt in the highlands, where in the last days of October the snow falls and cold sets in. In the foothills at this time only begin to snow. At the end of November, snowstorms are circling in the mountains, the slopes of the ridges are covered with a multimeter snow cover.

Recreation

Recreational resources of the Caucasus give a great perspective for the development of sanatorium and resort recreation, tourism and economy. The largest areas adjoin the Black Sea coast. A long period of time the water in the sea is warm, which makes it possible to extend the tourist season to six months. Famous resorts are Sochi, Anapa, Gelendzhik, Tuapse.

The recreational resources of the Caucasus are also the city of Mineral Waters. There are mineral springs, different in composition. The attractiveness of the area is a beautiful landscape that attracts curious tourists.
Tourism is very popular at the foot of Mount Elbrus and Kazbek.

The geography of the North Caucasus is represented by the Precamparation and the northern slope of the Greater Caucasus Mountains. The relief varies from plain to highland. Recently, the Azov and Caspian coasts are very popular.

Valley Arkhyz

The pearl of the North Caucasus is the valley of Arkhyz. The average annual temperature is always higher than outside the valley. This climate heals the human body. Arkhyz is high-mountain lakes, stone bowls of various shapes, which are filled with the purest water. There are about seventy such lakes in the region.

Thanks to the melting of glaciers, waterfalls also form. They break off from such a height that from a distance the water in them resembles long pearl threads. Descending from the mountains, the waterfalls turn into small rivers. They, not stopping for a second, flee to the valley, taking with them the freshness of the mountain air, the reflection of the sun and the beauty of the forest.

One of the main peaks of Arkhyz is Mount Sofia, from a distance it looks like a majestic Byzantine temple. The waterfalls, born of the glaciers of Sofia, have an amazing beauty.

Tourism

The entire Caucasus is dotted with tourist routes. Some of them are pilgrims. Some people go to the ancient temples of Arkhyz, the purpose of others is to search for the most beautiful panoramas and landscapes.

The valley of the river Mora is a quiet and peaceful place, which has preserved its charm. Many artists wrote here their best paintings, poets composed poems, and musicians - music. They always found inspiration and a desire to create in these places.

And until now, like two hundred years ago, tourists are ready to get up and running just to go to Bermamyt, meet the dawn and see the ruler of the whole Caucasus, the highest peak of Europe - the great Elbrus. Looking at how it towers above the main Caucasian ridge, you understand why all the peoples still call it the King-Mountain. But no picture will make you experience that joy and the amazement that overwhelm those who see the beauty of Elbrus with their own eyes.

Having visited the natural complexes of the North Caucasus, you will be delighted! These wonderful places will surprise any visitor. Everyone who has surveyed this beauty, will certainly return here more than once.