KamAZ, fuel filter: description, device, replacement and feedback

Cars that run on diesel fuel are very picky about its quality. Poor fuel can cause pump breakage and nozzle clogging. Repair of these elements is very expensive. To eliminate possible risks, a fuel filter is installed in the system. Kamaz "Euro-2" is also equipped with them. The element absorbs all the existing clogging. Today we will look at how the KamAZ fuel filter works on the car and how to replace it.

Features

The process of cleaning diesel fuel is carried out in several stages. The first is preliminary filtration in the tank itself. The second is a rough cleaning of the fuel. And the final stage is fine filtration. The main difference between the filters of diesel engines and petrol ones is the high efficiency of the first when protecting the combustion chamber from the penetration of water. By the way, on some trucks the fuel filter is heated. KamAZ is no exception. This element prevents the formation of paraffin deposits on the walls. As a result of temperature changes, especially in the autumn-winter period, diesel fuel freezes, releasing condensate at the same time. Heating and the filter itself do not allow water and paraffin to penetrate further along the mains into the combustion chamber. The smallest particles of these components can damage the injectors and pump.

Varieties

At the moment, diesel cars of the Kama Automobile Plant are equipped with two types of elements. This is a fine fuel filter (KamAZ-5411 is equipped with them, among others) and coarse. How does each element work and work? Let's consider.

Rough cleaning

On which cars is the fuel filter installed? KamAZ is equipped with them from the beginning of production. The first samples were on models 5320. This element consists of a metal case. To it by means of a flange and bolts the glass-sediment bowl with a drain mouth is fastened. Also, a gasket is used for sealing. In the body there is a fuel distributor, a soothing device, as well as a mesh filter element. When the engine is running, the fuel flows through the pipes to the distributor through the nozzle. Further, the fuel enters the sump, where it is purified from large paraffin impurities and water. After that, the fuel rises through the grid and, passing through the fuel outlet pipe, gets into the pump.

On vehicles with YaMZ-236 engine, this filter consists of a cover with a body. Inside is a mesh metal frame with a cotton cord. Fuel enters through the body into the union and, getting rid of impurities, penetrates into the pump of low pressure. Also, during this operation, the fuel passes between the turns of the cord. If the system has an airlock, it is removed by unscrewing the filter. And the sludge is removed through a special neck, located at the bottom of the body.

Fine cleaning

The purpose of this filter is to finally clean the fuel before it enters the high-pressure pump. The element is positioned above the others in the system. Because of this, it accumulates air. On KamAZ vehicles, a fine fuel filter provides for the presence of a valve-jet. Through it, you can evacuate the air accumulated in the system. How is the KamAZ Cummins fuel filter arranged? Its design assumes the presence of two paper elements. They are made of special porous paper and are arranged in parallel relative to each other. The filter element is fixed in the body on the rod and is urged by means of a spring. With a glass this body is connected by means of a bolt and a sealing washer. To avoid leakage, rubber gaskets are provided. The sludge drain plug is located in the core of the element. By the way, air bleeding on KamAZ cars the fuel filter produces automatically if the pressure reaches 0.04 MPa. The smelted fuel will return back to the tank.

How does the cleaning procedure work? The principle of operation is as follows. The fuel feed pump pushes the fuel into the filter housing, where it is sent to the beaker. Passing through the pores of paper elements, it is cleaned and enters further into the central rod. Then it goes through the fittings to the high-pressure pump, and then to the injectors. So the KamAZ fuel filter "Cummins" works. It is believed that this design allows you to make the fullest possible cleaning of fuel from dirt and sediments.

Resource

Reviews of motorists say that, depending on operating conditions, these elements need to be changed after 7-12 thousand kilometers of run. As for the coarse filters, they can simply be blown under high air pressure and drained. The washed element is again suitable for use. By the way, for the KamAZ fuel filter the price is from 900 to 1200 rubles (it means fine cleaning). But with a long period of operation, it is still necessary to replace the coarse cleaning element. Below we will tell you how to do it yourself.

Replacement

When the resource of the element has come to an end, it is necessary to replace the fuel cleaning filter. This requires a head for 12 and WD-40. The last one is soaked the filter fixing bolts, if they are rusty. On KamAZ vehicles, the element is attached to four bolts. Next, remove the cover and remove the coarse filter. As a rule, there will be a residue of dirty fuel on its bottom. We drain it with a drain hole at the bottom. The glass itself should be thoroughly rinsed from solid particles, especially at the bottom. Next, you need to put a new filter and fill the bottom with 100-200 milliliters of diesel fuel.

If the mounting bolts are strongly rusty and hard to loosen, replace them with new ones. To be easy to unscrew in the future, treat the thread with "Lithol" or graphite grease. Also, when replacing, pay attention to the condition of the fittings and nozzles. If they have cracks, they need to be replaced.

How to change the fine filter

If you want to replace it, you need to close the fuel tank cock. This is necessary in order not to spill fuel during the dismantling of the element. Then carefully wash the outer planes from the accumulated dirt. Do not ignore this point, as when replacing there is a risk of contamination of the cavity of the elements, because of which the mud will clog on the nozzles. After thoroughly cleaning the filter and its contiguous elements from dust, proceed to disassembly.

We prepare a small container. We unscrew the drain valve by 1.5-2 turns. After that, a small amount of fuel will pour out. Next, the bolts securing the fine filter fuel filter are removed together with the rubber bands and the spring. The inside is thoroughly rinsed so that the dust does not penetrate further along the lines. By the way, you can do this with a piece of cloth ragged in the same diesel. Next, install a new element in place and build the assembly in reverse order. As in the previous case, inspect all the sealing and connecting elements. If they are cracked or sprawled, they must be replaced with new ones.

How to determine wear and tear?

Reviews of car owners KamAZ say that the clogging of the fuel filter is easy to determine. As the pollution of the car will lose traction. The machine is jerking at speed. Also, there may be an increased fuel consumption. Driving with a dirty element is highly discouraged. According to statistics, 40 percent of all failures of diesel aggregates occur due to dirty filter elements. Remember that the reliability of these parts depends on the reliability of the entire engine, including fuel pump, the cost of which starts at $ 200. Always keep in reserve new filters, in case of need, in time to change them, especially if the truck goes for long distances.

Maintenance of KamAZ's fuel system

The fuel filter in the places of its connection should not have any signs of leakage. Before leaving the park, all pipelines of the system are inspected. In winter, it is necessary to top up the fuel before the full tank before parking (even for one night). Otherwise, condensation forms on its walls, which will reduce the filtering capacity of the element. Periodically, it is necessary to drain sediment from the coarse and fine filter (at least every 5,000 kilometers).

This operation is performed on the warmed-up engine. To do this, unscrew the drain plugs and replace the sludge tank. Merge it until the clean fuel runs out. After this, tighten the plug and pump the system so that no air bubbles form. The latter can be vented through the upper valve. Also, every 2 years, it is recommended to flush the fuel tank from the accumulated sediment. And for a more thorough treatment motorists put an additional element.

So, we found out what the fuel filters of coarse and fine cleaning, installed on the cars of domestic production KamAZ, are.